Cell Press 2015 China Annual Papers/Institutions Announced
China’s annual papers/institutions of American Cell Press were first announced.
China Scientists and Cell Press held a series of activities in Beijing.
The series of activities "China Scientists and Cell Press" kicked off.
Editor’s note:With the rising living standards, the double pressures of life and work, and people’s irregular and unhealthy lifestyles, more and more people are troubled by chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. What if we prevent chronic diseases?
Three high people eat more radish skin.
Xia Pengbin, nutritionist in charge of clinical nutrition department of Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University, pointed out that radish skin is rich in nutrition, especially suitable for people with three highs.
In addition to vitamins and minerals, radish peel is also rich in pectin, quercetin, isothiocyanate and other active substances, which helps to regulate blood lipids, blood sugar and blood pressure to some extent, and is an ideal food for people with three highs. In addition, isothiocyanates also have certain anti-cancer effects. Radish skin is best eaten raw, which can retain more active ingredients, such as cold radish skin, pickled radish skin, sweet and sour radish skin and so on.
Pay attention to the following points when cooking radish skin: first, if you plan to make cold radish skin, cut the skin thicker and put a layer of radish meat on it, and the mixed food will look good and delicious; Second, before the cold salad, soak the radish skin in ice water for 30 minutes, which will help to remove the odor and make it more crisp. If there is no ice, just put water directly, and the effect is slightly worse; Third, marinate the radish skin with salt for a while in advance, and the taste is better; Fourth, it’s best to eat the radish skin at one time. If you can’t finish it, you must put it in a sealed box and put it in the refrigerator, so as not to bring bad smell to the refrigerator.
One or two cereals a day to prevent diabetes.
According to a new joint study by Chalmers University of Science and Technology in Sweden and Danish Cancer Society, eating 50 grams of whole grains (endosperm, germ and bran of rye, oats, wheat and other grains) every day can prevent type 2 diabetes.
The researchers selected the health data of 55,000 Danes. At the beginning of the study, these people were between 50 and 65 years old. During the following 15 years, more than 7,000 people developed type 2 diabetes. The researchers first counted the total daily intake of whole grains and the types of whole grains (rye bread, oatmeal, assorted porridge, etc.), and then combined the data with the statistics of Danish National Diabetes Register for combing analysis. The results show that the people who eat the most whole grains (at least 50 grams of whole grains every day, equivalent to a small bowl of oatmeal or a piece of rye bread) have the lowest proportion of type 2 diabetes, and the less they eat, the higher the proportion. Specifically, men who eat more than one or two whole grains a day have a lower risk of getting sick than those who don’t eat at all, and women have a lower risk of getting sick.
Researchers say that eating more whole grains is one of the most effective dietary methods to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. In addition, drinking coffee and eating less red meat can also play a role.
There are "three highs", drink some cereal thick pulp.
Many people have detected "three highs". Apart from lack of exercise, craving for delicious food and pursuing eating habits of high fat, heavy refined grains and less coarse grains are also the fundamental reasons for the high incidence of symptoms such as "three highs". Zhang Ye, director of the Nutrition Department of the 309 Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, suggested choosing more coarse grains as your staple food.
Zhang Ye pointed out that the dietary guidelines for China residents suggest that you should eat 250-400g of grains every day, including 50-100g of coarse grains and coarse grains. But for the "three highs" crowd, this amount needs to be added, which can account for 1/3 to 1/2 of the staple food. Compared with flour and rice, the energy supplied by coarse grains is not high, but the dietary fiber content is much higher, which hinders the absorption of fat to some extent and can reduce the concentration of low-density cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, thus reducing the risk of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
Because coarse grains are more troublesome to make, it takes almost two or three hours, including the time of boiling. Zhang Ye suggested drinking thick grain pulp. When I was young, when I was cooking porridge at home, I would give the rice oil floating on the surface to children and the elderly. This layer of rice oil is actually the fat in grain, and it is mostly unsaturated fatty acid, which is very easy to absorb. Therefore, it is a very healthy diet to boil or mash coarse grains.
How to eat the healthiest? Zhang Ye’s secret is: grain+beans+nuts. For example, black rice, black beans and black sesame seeds can be selected in winter, and the black combination of walnut powder has the function of tonifying kidney and strengthening body, and the taste and nutrition are quite good. In summer, you can choose mung bean, coix seed, lily, lotus seed and sago. For girls, you can choose rice, red beans, red dates and medlar, which have the effect of nourishing blood and calming the nerves. People with poor spleen and stomach can choose oats, wheat, peanuts, sesame and other combinations, which have the effect of strengthening the spleen and stomach, promoting digestion and resolving food stagnation. For menopausal women, you can add some soybeans, which has a good auxiliary treatment effect.
Most people like to eat coarse grains at night. In fact, coarse grains are not easy to digest, and eating too much at dinner may affect the quality of sleep. Zhang Ye suggested that the form of thick grain pulp is easy to take and eat, and it is better to distribute it reasonably in three meals a day.
Drink yogurt, blood sugar is good.
A study by the research team of Lingnan University in Korea shows that the intake of yogurt is negatively correlated with the risk of diabetes, that is, the more intake, the lower the risk, among the four groups divided according to the intake. The risk of diabetes in the group with the most intake was 27% lower than that in the group with the least intake. Yogurt is also good for patients with diabetes.
Zuo Xiaoxia, director of the Nutrition Department of the Eighth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, said that sugar friends usually have different degrees of intestinal microecological disorders. The level of beneficial short-chain fatty acids such as butyric acid and propionic acid produced in the intestine is low, which leads to the decrease of insulin sensitivity, the increase of blood sugar and the imbalance of glucose and lipid metabolism. Eating yogurt can effectively improve the intestinal flora of sugar friends, while drinking yogurt is simpler than supplementing probiotics. Although there are more probiotics in probiotic drinks, there are also a lot of sugar, so this kind of drinks is not suitable for sugar lovers.
Zuo Xiaoxia suggested that sugar friends had better drink yogurt after meals, because the strong acidity of gastric acid before meals will destroy most lactic acid bacteria and reduce the effect of yogurt. Many sugar friends think that yogurt is high in sugar, but the lactose in it produces lactic acid after fermentation, which can delay gastric emptying and help control postprandial blood sugar; Even if a small amount of lactose remains, it will be decomposed and absorbed in the small intestine and will not cause blood sugar fluctuation. In China, the minimum package of yogurt products is 100 grams, 2 spoonfuls or one cup per day. For overweight and obese sugar friends, it is best to choose low-sugar or skim yogurt in the supermarket. For yogurt flavored with a lot of jam, it is not recommended to choose.
High blood fat, eat half an egg yolk every day.
The fat in egg yolk is mainly monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid), and the phospholipid content is also high. However, the utilization rate of iron in egg yolk is low, only about 3%, because it contains vitellin, which interferes with the absorption of iron.
The weight of eggs is generally between 45 and 55 grams. Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (2016) recommends that the average intake of eggs for adults is 40-50g per day, with one egg per day and no more than 7 eggs per week. Ma Guansheng, director of the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene of Peking University College of Public Health, said that for patients with hyperlipidemia, the intake of egg yolk should be appropriately reduced, such as eating an egg white, but the egg yolk can be halved. It is best to arrange eggs to be eaten every day, rather than focusing on a certain meal.
Eat more green leafy vegetables and get less fatty liver.
A recent Swedish study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that eating more green leafy vegetables is very important to prevent fatty liver.
Dr Matthias Karstrom, a researcher at Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and his team fed a group of mice with high-fat and high-sugar foods, which increased their risk of fatty liver. After that, some mice were supplemented with nitrate (green leafy vegetables contain a lot of nitrate), and it was found that the risk of fatty liver in these mice was significantly reduced. The researchers also studied the culture of two different human liver cells, which verified the results of mouse experiments. In addition, the researchers also found that the blood pressure of type 2 diabetic mice decreased and the insulin level improved after nitrate supplementation. Previous studies have shown that nitrate from vegetables can help improve mitochondrial function and improve physical endurance.
Researchers say that overweight and excessive drinking are the two main causes of fatty liver, and there is no effective drug to treat fatty liver at present. This new study shows that eating more green leafy vegetables and increasing nitrate intake can help reduce fat accumulation in the liver and reduce the risk of fatty liver, heart disease and diabetes.
Beijing Zhengban made [2007] No.33
The people’s governments of the districts and counties, the commissions, offices and bureaus of the municipal government, and the municipal institutions:
With the consent of the municipal government, we hereby print and distribute the Measures of Beijing Municipality for the Award of Invention Patents to you, please earnestly organize their implementation according to the actual situation.
May 14th, 2007
Measures of Beijing Municipality on Award of Invention Patents
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Article 1 In order to encourage innovation achievements to obtain patents, improve the quality of invention patents, promote the implementation and commercialization of invention patents, and commend patentees and inventors who have made outstanding contributions to Beijing’s economic and social development, these Measures are formulated in accordance with the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Protection and Promotion of Patents.
Article 2 "Beijing Invention Patent Award" (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing Invention Patent Award") is a special award item set up by the municipal government to select and commend invention patents with significant economic and social benefits within the administrative area of Beijing. The municipal invention patent award is selected every two years.
Article 3 The recommendation, evaluation and awarding of municipal invention patent awards shall follow the principles of openness, fairness and impartiality, pay attention to benefits, and reward the best.
Article 4 With the approval of the municipal government, a Municipal Office for the Selection of Invention Patent Awards (hereinafter referred to as the Selection Office) composed of the Municipal Intellectual Property Office, the Municipal Finance Bureau and the Municipal Personnel Bureau was established. The selection office is located in the Municipal Intellectual Property Office and is responsible for the organization, coordination and management of the Municipal Invention Patent Award.
The selection office is responsible for the establishment of the municipal invention patent award evaluation committee (hereinafter referred to as the evaluation committee). The review committee shall set up professional review groups according to different fields to be responsible for the review of the municipal invention patent award.
Article 5 The municipal invention patent award focuses on invention patents that meet one of the following conditions:
(1) It belongs to the key industries or key fields determined in the national economic and social development plan of this Municipality, and has achieved remarkable economic or social benefits;
(two) to solve the industrial structure adjustment, the transformation of economic growth mode, energy saving and emission reduction, as well as urban operation, management and safety, traffic congestion and other practical problems faced by the city;
(3) Playing a major role in the formation of national standards or international standards.
Sixth city invention patent award set up first, second and third prizes, including:
(1) Five first prizes, each of which is RMB 200,000;
(two) the second prize 15, each award of 100 thousand yuan;
(3) 30 third prizes, each of which is RMB 50,000.
Special prizes were awarded for invention patents that have made significant contributions to the national economic and social development of this Municipality, with 1 prize awarded and 1 million yuan awarded.
City invention patent award funds shall be paid by the municipal finance.
Seventh to declare the city invention patent award shall meet the following conditions:
(1) The applicant shall be the patentee who is registered in this Municipality or has the household registration and work residence permit in this Municipality, or other patentees who have made outstanding contributions to the public interests and people’s livelihood in this Municipality;
(2) The invention patent has been authorized by China National Intellectual Property Administration;
(3) The legal status of the invention patent is stable and the ownership is clear.
Article 8 The following invention patents shall not be declared as municipal invention patent awards:
(a) has won the national technological invention award, China patent award or municipal invention patent award;
(2) The ownership of the patent is disputed;
(three) the declaration of the previous municipal invention patent award has not won the award and there is no new substantive progress in the implementation.
Article 9 The patentee shall declare the municipal invention patent award according to one of the following procedures:
(a) to the municipal administrative department, the district and county departments for patent administration or related industry associations (hereinafter referred to as the recommended units) to declare;
(two) to declare the award of the invention patent recommended by experts, the patentee directly to the selection office.
Tenth recommendation units to review the application materials, put forward specific recommendations, and submit them to the selection office.
If the application materials do not meet the requirements, the recommendation unit or the selection office shall require the applicant to make corrections within the specified time; If it is not corrected within the time limit or still does not meet the requirements after correction, it will not be submitted for review.
Eleventh selection office to summarize and classify the application materials, and organize the corresponding professional review group for preliminary examination.
The professional evaluation team shall, by secret ballot, put forward suggestions on the award-winning invention patents and award grades to the evaluation committee.
The review committee deliberates the suggestions of various professional review groups, and makes a preliminary resolution on the award-winning invention patent and award grade by secret ballot.
Twelfth according to the preliminary resolution of the jury, the selection office will publicize the preliminary results in the designated media.
Organizations and individuals who have objections to the results of the preliminary examination may raise objections to the selection office in writing within 30 days from the date of publication.
The selection office organizes experts to review the contents of the objection, make a review opinion, and inform the objecting party of the result.
Thirteenth after the end of the publicity, the selection office will review the preliminary results and review opinions, and determine the list of proposed awards, which will be approved by the Municipal Personnel Bureau and reported to the municipal government.
After the approval of the municipal government, the list of winners will be published, and certificates and bonuses will be awarded to the winning patentees and inventors.
Article 14 The unit or personnel management department of the inventor who won the municipal invention patent award shall record the award and its main contribution in my file as one of the basis for promotion assessment.
Fifteenth invention patents that have won the second prize of the Municipal Invention Patent Award and meet the relevant reporting conditions shall be recommended by the selection office to declare the National Technological Invention Award or the China Patent Award.
Article 16 The experts and relevant staff participating in the evaluation shall not disclose the evaluation, and those who are involved in the patents declared for awards in the current year or have an interest in the patentee and inventor who declared for awards shall withdraw.
Seventeenth by fraud, plagiarism and other improper means to infringe upon the patent rights of others, to defraud the city invention patent award, the award shall be revoked and published in the relevant media.
Eighteenth in the process of evaluation of the municipal invention patent award fraud, favoritism, the evaluation experts cancel their qualification, the staff shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with the relevant provisions.
Article 19 The Municipal Intellectual Property Office shall formulate detailed rules for implementation in accordance with these Measures.
Twentieth these Measures shall come into force as of January 1, 2008.
On the evening of March 30th, GAC Chuanqi officially announced the price of S7 at the user party held in Shenzhen. The new car has launched five models, with the guide price range of 169,800-223,800 yuan, and the price has dropped to 154,800-208,800 yuan after combining the national replacement subsidy. As Guangzhou Automobile Chuanqi’s first high-end intelligent driving mass production model, it yearns for S7 to be built based on EV+ new energy platform, positioning the family’s five-seat SUV, so does it have the strength to impact the mid-to-high-end new energy market?
Chuanqi yearns for S7 to adopt the design language of "hiding the front and moistening it", and create the visual tone of "positive atmosphere" through the collision between rounded surfaces and sharp edges. The 2618mm star-shaped ring on the front face integrates 2248 beads, supports 8 kinds of dynamic light language interaction, and cooperates with the zigzag taillight group, which has both scientific sense and recognition.
Chuanqi yearns for the design of the side of S7 body with suspended roof, hidden door handle and 270 flat side window, which strengthens the simple and smooth outline. The D-pillar energy breathing light enhances the sense of car etiquette through green light (charging) and blue light (discharging). In terms of color matching, the new car offers five theme colors inspired by the geographical pole of China: Shuguang Red, Rainforest Green, Haoyue Grey, Obsidian Crystal Black and Blade Shadow White. Chuanqi yearns for S7 with a body size of 4900×1950×1780mm, a wheelbase of 2880mm, and a ground clearance of 200mm, taking into account urban commuting and light off-road scenes, and all the data are also close.
Chuanqi yearns for S7 interior to provide three color schemes of brown, white and black, 270 embracing skyline ambient light and ADiGO 6.0 intelligent cockpit system driven by Qualcomm Snapdragon 8295P chip, which supports four-tone voice interaction and end-cloud integrated AI service. The whole car seat comes standard with ventilation/heating/massage function, and the rear backrest can be adjusted up to 137. With the 17.3-inch 3K ceiling screen, 22-speaker Dolby panoramic sound and electric suction door, it has a "mobile first class" experience.
As the core selling point, Chuanqi yearns for S7 to be equipped with an end-to-end intelligent driving system developed by GAC without drawing. The hardware adopts NVIDIA Orin-X chip (254TOPS computing power), 11 cameras +1 zoom lidar +3 millimeter-wave radar, which can identify 35 main scenes and 357 sub-scenes, covering complex road conditions such as urban roundabout and narrow roads. The automatic parking function is compatible with special-shaped parking spaces and the "car width +0.5m" limit space. It is worth noting that the city NDA intelligent driving function comes standard in the form of "free use for life", and there is no need for late subscription.
Chuanqi yearns for S7 based on EV+ platform. The new car provides dual-mode drive of plug-in+extended range. The 1.5T engine matches single/double motors, and the comprehensive power reaches 392/501 horsepower. The two-wheel drive version of CLTC has a pure battery life of 205km and a comprehensive battery life of 1150km；; The four-wheel drive version has a pure battery life of 180km, a comprehensive battery life of 1020km and a fuel consumption of 5.7-6.5L/100km. It takes only 20 minutes for the magazine battery to support 30%-80% charge quickly, and the 6kW external discharge function expands the camping scene.
In horizontal contrast, the ideal L6 occupies a high position in the market with its luxury positioning and balanced product strength, while Chuanqi yearns for S7 to provide lidar, high-level intelligent driving and leading endurance at a lower price, thus forming dislocation competition. Traditional competing fuel products, such as SAIC Volkswagen Pro, are good at space, but their power performance and intelligent configuration are slightly weak in the new energy camp. Chuanqi yearns for S7 to anchor a sense of high value at a price of 200,000, which is obviously attractive to users.
In addition, 2025 is regarded as the outbreak year of medium and large SUVs of China brand, and Chuanqi yearns for S7′ s domineering design and people-friendly pricing, which has become a rare "cost-effective flagship" in this track. Guangzhou Automobile Chuanqi simultaneously launched an aviation-class service system, including free pick-up and delivery vehicles in 272 cities, 1.2 million+charging pile coverage and 7×24-hour butler service, further strengthening competitiveness. Therefore, on the whole, Chuanqi’s longing for the listing of S7 is not only a concentrated display of Guangzhou Automobile’s technical reserves, but also a reflection of the pragmatic path for local brands to attack the high-end, and challenge the traditional luxury barriers with intelligent and cost-effective two-wheel drive. So whether these advantages can bring more sales and seize the ideal L6 and other new power markets, we will wait and see.
Whether cross-year illegal scoring is the basis for driver’s license demotion, Xiaobian provides you with relevant information, hoping to help you.
First, whether the cross-year illegal score is the basis for the demotion of driver’s license.
According to the principle of non-retroactivity of the law, illegal scoring and traffic accidents that have occurred before the implementation of the new regulations are not used as the basis for demotion. Only the illegal scores, accidents and verification records that occurred after January 1, 2013 will be used as the basis for demotion.
It is worth noting that drivers of large and medium-sized vans (with a driver’s license above B2) have recorded 12 points during the internship period, and the internship model does not belong to the highest quasi-driving model. In addition to canceling their internship model driving qualifications in accordance with the internship management regulations, they must also cancel their highest quasi-driving model qualifications in accordance with the demotion regulations.
Second, what conditions will be downgraded in the new traffic law?
1. A driver with a driver’s license for a large bus, tractor, city bus, medium-sized bus or large truck has a traffic accident that causes death and bears the same or more responsibilities, which does not constitute a crime;
2. Holders of driver’s licenses A1,,, B1 and B2 have recorded 12 points in one scoring cycle or have not participated in the verification for three consecutive scoring cycles;
Article 68 of the Regulations on the Application and Use of Motor Vehicle Driving Licenses revised by the Ministry of Public Security stipulates that from January 1, 2013, drivers with driving licenses of A1, A2, A3, B1 and B2 are allowed to drive, and traffic accidents cause deaths and bear the same responsibilities, which does not constitute a crime; There is a record of 12 points in a scoring cycle; If the driver fails to participate in the certification for three consecutive scoring cycles, under any of the above three circumstances, the vehicle management office will cancel the driver’s license for the highest permitted driving type, and notify the motor vehicle driver to go through the business of demotion and replacement within 30 days.
In addition, the new regulations put forward clear requirements for applying for the driving records of drivers of large and medium-sized vans: those who have the same responsibility for causing fatal traffic accidents and have drunk driving records may not apply for life; No application shall be made within 10 years after being sentenced to revoke or revoke the driver’s license record; You may not apply for a driver’s license for a large bus within 5 years after you have scored 12 points, and you may not apply for a driver’s license for a tractor or a medium bus within 3 years.
3. Which driver’s licenses can be applied for demotion?
According to the new provisions of the Traffic Law, if a driver still drives a motor vehicle without taking part in the examination as required, the traffic control department of the public security department will impose a fine of 200 to 200 500 yuan. Therefore, drivers of large buses, tractors, city buses, medium-sized buses and large trucks can take the initiative to apply for being reduced to a small car driver’s license if they do not have the need to drive large and medium-sized vans, so as to avoid being punished for failing to verify within the time limit.
In addition, drivers of small cars, motorcycles and other models who bear the same or more responsibilities for death due to traffic accidents should go to the public security traffic control department for verification within 30 days after the end of the scoring cycle; When the driver’s license is transferred to a different place or renewed at the expiration of its validity period, it shall be examined by the traffic control department of the public security bureau, and the physical condition certificate issued by the medical institution shall be submitted.
To "downgrade" Class A and Class B driver’s licenses to Class C driver’s licenses, you only need to submit relevant documents and add 10 yuan’s production fee. "However, although the initiative to downgrade is simple, it seems that the driver is responsible for himself and others by" doing what he can ". However, the relevant person in charge of the vehicle management office still reminded that once the driver’s license is "downgraded", it will be re-tested if it is promoted back. Therefore, drivers must be cautious when applying for demotion.
Li Buyun (Member of Honorary Faculty of China Academy of Social Sciences, Director of Human Rights Research Center of Guangzhou University)
● We should pay close attention to the study and ratify the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights as soon as possible with appropriate reservations.
Xu Xianming (Member the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), Member of Law Committee, President of Shandong University)
● Only institutional human rights are fundamental human rights. In the future, China’s human rights system should be reconstructed.
At the beginning of November, our government announced that it would formulate the National Action Plan on Human Rights for the first time, and plan the development of human rights in China in the next two years.
This news is great news for Li Buyun, member of Honorary Department of China Academy of Social Sciences, and Xu Xianming, member of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) and president of Shandong University. Human rights have been their lifelong pursuit.
Thirty years ago, on December 6, 1978, Li Buyun published the article "Adhere to the equality of citizens in law" in the People’s Daily, which was recognized as the "first article" for the legal profession to break through the ideological and theoretical forbidden zone; He also proposed that "criminals are also citizens", which triggered a big debate.
Back then, Li Buyun believed that it was 30 years of reform and opening up that opened up a "new era of human rights protection" in the history of the Chinese nation.
Twenty-nine years ago, as the first college student to go to court after the Cultural Revolution, Xu Xianming volunteered to defend a murderer. Over the years, he wrote "The Right to Existence" and others’ works, and put forward many proposals and suggestions to promote human rights. Together with Li Buyun, he encouraged and called for "human rights being enshrined in the Constitution".
"When human rights were enshrined in the Constitution in 2004, I have a feeling of dying." Xu Xianming’s words came from the heart.
In the eyes of two promoters of China’s human rights cause, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee 30 years ago was a new starting point for China’s human rights protection, which brought about the lifting of the human rights concept and the expansion of human rights practice. Thirty years later, human rights have become the mainstream value in China today. In the next 30 years, human rights in China will be respected as never before, and people will have more universal, broader and more equal human rights.
Five major nodes
Human rights are no longer forbidden zones.
1978 Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee
New "origin" of human rights protection
Background: In December 1978, the communique of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee pointed out: "The civil rights stipulated in the Constitution must be resolutely guaranteed and no one can infringe upon them."
During the Cultural Revolution, human rights were regarded as the patent of capitalism. In the early days of reform and opening up, human rights were still regarded as "bourgeois slogans". In 1978, the practice of human rights protection for the Rightists took the lead, and by November all parts of the country had taken off the Rightists’ hats. By 1982, more than 3 million cadres’ unjust, false and misjudged cases had been rehabilitated and more than 470,000 party member had been reinstated as a Party member.
The word "human rights" did not appear in the communiqué of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee. But both Li Buyun and Xu Xianming regard it as the new "origin" of human rights protection.
Li Buyun: Looking back at history, a key point is that the new China was founded in 1949, and the people of China stood up, which opened up a domestic and international environment for the protection of human rights.
At the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, important concepts such as safeguarding citizens’ rights and equality before the law were clarified. In particular, it emphasizes democracy and the legal system, which is also a question of individual rights ―― democracy is first and foremost a person’s democratic right, and the legal system is to protect human rights. It marks a new beginning of human rights protection in China.
Xu Xianming: Human rights have long been the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s proposition: in 1923, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s first Constitution put forward human rights; During the Jinggangshan period, the Outline of the Constitution of chinese soviet republic clearly stated "people’s rights" …
The 30 years of reform and opening up, in a sense, are 30 years of political reform and 30 years of institutional innovation. Only institutional human rights are fundamental human rights. The great meeting 30 years ago was a new "origin" of human rights protection.
The Fourth Constitution of 1982
It lists 28 kinds of civil rights, which are almost the same as those in the west.
Background: In December, 1982, New China enacted the fourth constitution, namely the current constitution. Article 33 stipulates: "Anyone with People’s Republic of China (PRC) nationality is a citizen of People’s Republic of China (PRC)."
Some people say that you can’t understand the meaning of "citizen" without going through the Cultural Revolution. At that time, "rich land against bad right" was not treated as a citizen and lost the basic dignity of being a human being.
Previously, the 1949 "Common Program" only stipulated the rights of the "people"; The 1954 Constitution stipulated the rights of citizens, but did not answer what is "citizen".
The definition of "citizen" in the 1982 Constitution means that "rich land against bad right" is also a citizen, and criminals are also citizens, all of whom should have basic human rights protection.
On November 20th, 1980, the Supreme People’s Court Special Court tried the case of Lin Biao and Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary group in public, and held 44 sessions before and after, which was regarded as "an example of handling cases according to law".
Li Buyun: The greatest crime of the Gang of Four was trampling on human rights. A public trial according to law embodies the five judicial principles of human rights protection: independent trial according to law, judicial democracy, seeking truth from facts, humanitarianism and legal equality.
Among the four constitutions of New China, the 1982 Constitution lists the most specific rights of human rights, which is almost the same as that of western countries.
The basic rights of citizens were only two in 1975, 12 in 1978 and 28 in 1982, adding new provisions such as "personal dignity is inviolable", which greatly promoted the development of human rights in China.
The first "White Paper on Human Rights" in 1991
Human rights are called "great nouns"
Background: On November 2, 1991, the State Council Information Office published a white paper entitled "Human Rights Situation in China". This is the first official human rights document released by the China government to the world.
In the first "White Paper on Human Rights" of China Government, human rights were called "great nouns"; Emphasizing that the realization of full human rights is "a long-term historical task of the people and government of China"; And put forward that "the right to subsistence is the primary human right of Chinese people".
Li Buyun: In June 1993, the Second World Conference on Human Rights adopted the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, which was attended by representatives from more than 180 countries, including China. The declaration recognizes the universality of human rights and explicitly considers the characteristics of various countries and regions. This is the first time that China has recognized the universality of human rights in diplomacy.
Xu Xianming: In October 1995, Jiang Zemin, then president, said in an interview with an American television station that the realization of the principle of universality of human rights must be combined with the specific conditions of each country. This is the first time that China leaders have publicly acknowledged the universality of human rights.
In 2004, human rights were enshrined in the Constitution.
"Respecting and safeguarding human rights" has become the basic obligation of the state.
Background: On March 14th, 2004, the Second Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress passed an amendment to the Constitution, and "the state respects and protects human rights" was written into the Constitution.
In May 2004, the Global Poverty Alleviation Conference was held in Shanghai. The meeting evaluated China’s poverty alleviation as a "vivid example". In 2004 alone, the central government allocated 12.2 billion yuan to help the poor, and the rural poor population decreased by 2.9 million compared with the previous year. "The right to subsistence is the primary human right of the people of Chinese", and China took poverty alleviation as a breakthrough to carry out vivid and effective human rights practice.
Xu Xianming: There are three meanings for human rights to be enshrined in the Constitution: the protection of human rights in China has been unprecedented inclusive and extensive. The subject of human rights is no longer only aimed at citizens, but extends from citizens to everyone; The human rights system is moving from closed to open. When human rights are incorporated into the constitution, the human rights system changes, and those that are not listed should also be protected; Respecting and safeguarding human rights has become the basic obligation of the state. This indicates that the country’s values have begun to change.
Report of the 17th National Congress of 2007
Give a variety of new human rights such as the right to know and the right to participate.
Background: On October 15th, 2007, the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out: "Protect people’s right to know, participate, express and supervise."
In September 1997, the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held, and "respecting and safeguarding human rights" was written into the report of the National Congress of the Party for the first time. Since then, the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China once again reiterated "respecting and safeguarding human rights".
In the report of the 17th National Congress, human rights were mentioned twice: the healthy development of human rights; Respect and protect human rights, and guarantee the rights of all members of society to participate and develop on an equal footing according to law.
China has made new strides in human rights practice. On January 1st, 2006, the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Agricultural Tax was abolished. The abolition of agricultural tax in that year reduced farmers’ tax burden by more than 120 billion yuan.
Li Buyun: The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is of great significance to the future of human rights in China. People-oriented Scientific Outlook on Development will respect and protect human rights more. In the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all aspects of human rights are taken care of, and the right to know, the right to express and the right to participate are beyond the specific enumeration in the Constitution.
Xu Xianming: I think the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has reconstructed China’s human rights system, which covers a wide range, including political, economic and social fields: learning to teach-the right to education; The right to health and medical treatment; A sense of security for the elderly-social rights; What you earn from your labor ―― the right to labor remuneration; Have a place to live ―― the right of moderate residence, etc.
Since Tesla spontaneously ignited in the basement in early 2019, pure electric vehicles have been under a spell, and many spontaneous combustion incidents have occurred one after another. Since then, the safety of new energy vehicles has been pushed to the center of the storm, and a ruthless fire has been set up together, which has extinguished consumers’ enthusiasm for new energy vehicles, making the market cold.
After incomplete statistics, since 2019, according to domestic and foreign media reports, there have been more than 40 safety accidents of electric vehicles related to power batteries, including Weilai, a new car-making company known as "China Tesla". Because of frequent spontaneous combustion, Weilai has recalled 4,803 ES8s to prevent the fire from happening again.
(Weilai ES8)
Just as consumers labeled Weilai as "unsafe", on July 31st, J.D.Power, a consumer insight and market research institution, released the 2019 China New Energy Vehicle Experience Research Report for the first time, and the research results showed that Weilai automobile quality surpassed BMW and ranked first. This empirical study focuses on the quality problems encountered by new owners of new energy vehicles with a service life of 2 to 6 months. The new car quality score is expressed by the average number of problems per 100 vehicles (PP100). The lower the score, the better the quality. This study focuses on the complete experience and satisfaction of users in the process of pre-sales, sales and product use.
"Spontaneous combustion" and "safety and quality rank first" two irreconcilable words appeared together in Weilai, and this new car-making power head enterprise seems to have found a way to prove itself.
Standing at the gate of No.9766 Susong Road, Shushan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province, this is the location of Jianghuai Weilai Automobile Factory and the last line of defense for Weilai Automobile to control quality and safety.
Walking into the factory, Shen Feng, Vice President of Weilai Quality and Chairman of Quality Management Committee, dressed in light blue overalls, is waiting for the arrival of everyone. The "veteran" of the automobile industry who once worked as a 6-Sigma black belt master in Ford Motor Company, as the global CTO of Polestar and the president of China, and as the president of Volvo China R&D Company, is now in charge of the overall management of Weilai quality.
(Shen Feng, Vice President of Weilai Quality and Chairman of Quality Management Committee)
Under the leadership of Shen Feng, "quality is faith" has become the motto of Weilai quality and safety team.
The recall is indeed "unfortunate", so we should grasp the problem from the source of design.
When talking about the spontaneous combustion accident of electric vehicles and the recall of Weilai ES8, the main person in charge did not seem to shy away.
Shen Feng said that there have been many spontaneous combustion incidents in new energy vehicles recently, including Weilai. The recall incident was a little special. At that time, it was unlucky to communicate with relevant government departments for many times. However, this start-up car company seems to have set an industry record. It took less than one month for nearly 5,000 cars to be recalled and re-delivered. This is a very difficult thing.
At that time, after the recall incident, public opinion was polarized. One kind of consumers agreed that the recall gave Weilai more opportunities, while more consumers criticized this young enterprise, believing that it was on the verge of "stall" or would roll over. However, the quality and safety system that Weilai is building seems to give this company a barrier that is "rapidly driving".
Shen Feng believes that to solve the quality problem, we should start from the source of design. He believes that only by controlling the quality of early design and strengthening the early identification and prevention of risks can the safety and robustness of products be fully guaranteed. As a result, FMEA Committee (covering CFMEA, DFMEA and PFMEA) and Safety Committee (covering seven safety fields: function, machinery, collision, battery, network, high voltage and chemistry) came into being, and were responsible for overall control of product design quality.
As a set of safety system, FEMA runs through all aspects of Weilai product development, manufacturing and cooperation. In each link, there is also a set of strict testing procedures that need to be followed. For example, DOE-experimental design; APQP-advance planning of product quality in supply chain; PPAP-approval procedure for production parts; Sip-standard inspection procedure for manufacturing links; Dts-size technical specifications and so on.
In Shen Feng’s view, as a mass-produced industrial product, automobiles need many parts. If you want to have both quality and quantity, you can only do it by forming a system.
In supplier selection, according to Ma Ying, senior director of quality management of Weilai Partners, the professional team established by Weilai has been involved in the supplier system since the beginning of product design, and Weilai’s quality team will directly participate in the supplier product quality pre-planning process.
(Ma Ying, Senior Director of Quality Management of Weilai Partner)
At the same time, Weilai established the first supplier quality certification system "NIO Quality Premium Partner" of New Energy Automobile Company, and further strengthened the control of quality and safety sources on the basis of full performance monitoring.
For the safety and quality of products, being "stubborn" may be the only way out for Weilai.
Do a good job in service quality and target user enterprises.
Doing a good job in product quality is only a small step into the automobile market, and how to do a good job in consumer service is also the touchstone to test the quality standards of enterprises.
Shen Feng stated that quality is not only the work to be done by the quality department, but also the work to be done by all staff of Weilai. To do a good job in building a car, in the user’s view, focus on products and services, which gives employees the same mission as Weilai’s vision of "quality is faith" As a user enterprise, "customer first" is not just talk. If you become a customer of Weilai, you will definitely experience the difference of this China brand.
In NIO HOUSE Weilai Center in Oriental Plaza, No.1 East Chang ‘an Avenue, Beijing, after asking several car owners, everyone was satisfied with Weilai’s after-sales service, helping parents to help their children with their homework and to arrive at the scene to assist in handling the accident as soon as possible after a vehicle collision, which really reflected Weilai’s determination to do a good job in after-sales service.
Behind the high satisfaction of users, technology is also helping Weilai to improve service quality. As a consumer, it usually takes more than one month to get feedback from the dealer to the relevant departments of the manufacturer in the traditional OEM when there are problems in the automobile products that need to be solved. However, in today’s increasingly advanced technology, Weilai has developed a Debug system, and the feedback from the owner can go directly to the manufacturer, and the time is shortened to seconds, and the efficiency of solving problems has been rapidly improved.
"How fast is this speed? For example, if you find abnormal noise in the seat, you can directly say’ I want feedback’ to NOMI. When NOMI said’ I know’, Weilai backstage staff had already received feedback. In addition, Weilai basically replies to users within 12 hours. Therefore, we can not only receive problems quickly, but also solve them quickly, "Shen Feng said proudly.
According to Yao Wei, quality director of Weilai’s mass production products, Weilai has collected more than 70,000 suggestions and feedbacks since the Debug system was put into operation. Apart from product complaints or vehicle quality problems, a large part of them are users’ suggestions on the product’s room for improvement.
For example, not long ago, a car owner said that children often fiddled with the buttons on the car, which led to the high and low air volume of the air conditioner, so he put forward the suggestion of locking the air conditioner for children. After receiving the feedback, Yao Wei’s team updated the air conditioning lock function on the 2.0 version of the in-vehicle system through communication and response.
The word "quality and safety" may be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in NIO HOUSE and even the whole factory in Jianghuai Weilai Manufacturing Factory. How can Weilai do a good job in quality and safety? The whole staff of this enterprise seems to be slowly giving the answer.
(This article comes from Geshi Auto Network)
On March 18th, the Third Yangtze River Bridge in Wuhu staged a scientific and technological wonder: 200 Chery cars with intelligent driving crossed the bridge at a uniform speed of 40km/h, and the intelligent driving feat of zero human intervention in the whole process opened the prelude to the intelligent strategy conference of "oil, electricity and intelligence in the world". Known by the industry as the "Smart Night", this grand event not only launched the 500/700/900 smart driving, but also crushed the technical strength of the industry with the iterative speed of the algorithm, announcing that Chery officially became the first echelon of smart driving in the world.
![1 [Chery Automobile Intelligent Strategy Conference was successfully held in Wuhu, Anhui]](https://image.bitautoimg.com/appimage-5000-w0/mapi/news/2025/03/22/853b3e3db0df4bd1962a534e2fc14a05.png)
[Intergenerational Revolution of Algorithms]
Chery’s intelligent layout presents a clear step-by-step evolution: the end-to-end large model (E2E) mass-produced in 2025 took the lead in breaking the shackles of traditional modularity, and through the direct optimization of perception-decision, the efficiency of the Falcon 500/700 series in anthropomorphic decision-making was significantly improved. What is more worth looking forward to is that Eagle 900 deeply integrates VLA (Visual Action Language Model) with WM, and has dual capabilities of "scene generation+strategy deduction", which can predict complex traffic situations in advance.
"Practice of technical equality"
When the industry focused on the electrified track, Chery opened up a new battlefield with the wisdom of oil and electricity. Falcon Intelligent Driving System innovatively develops a digital twin platform, which overcomes the problem of response delay of traditional fuel vehicle drive-by-wire actuators and shortens the adaptation period of intelligent driving system. This makes such fuel vehicles also have high-speed NOA capability, realizing real technical equality. In the field of Off-Road intelligence, Falcon Intelligent Driving Off-road, the world’s first off-road intelligent driving technology, broke through the perception bottleneck of unpaved roads, and integrated satellite remote sensing data through Xinghai big data platform, which significantly improved the pass rate compared with the traditional off-road auxiliary system.
[Global data closed loop]
Supporting the technological transition is the global data engine built by Chery. The model learning mileage of 20 million kilometers per day forms a complete closed loop of "global acquisition-cloud training-scene simulation". Especially in overseas markets, 4.5 billion kilometers of real intelligent driving data feedback algorithm optimization has successfully solved regional problems such as the passing rate of complex roundabout in Europe and the perceived stability of dusty weather in the Middle East. Relying on China’s first EU dual certification qualification, Chery plans to land in Europe with Falcon 700 in 2026, and knock on the door of the high-end intelligent driving market with the verification data of 1 billion kilometers in the "digital parallel universe".
[Ecological competition pattern]
Facing the high-precision map dependence of NCA of Huawei ADS 2.0 and XNGP of Tucki, Chery chose to make a differentiated breakthrough: the update frequency of weekly algorithm iteration is four times faster than the industry average; Full-power type adaptability, covering the pain points of traditional car enterprise transformation; Breakthrough of off-road scenes, filling the blank market of intelligent driving. This technical layout has been verified on ET in Xingyue-a heterogeneous redundant system with 30 sensors, and the decision-making is highly anthropomorphic in the unprotected left turn scene.
From the intelligent driving along the Yangtze River to the verification of 1 billion kilometers in the digital universe, Chery is reshaping the industrial structure with intergenerational innovation of algorithms. When Falcon 900′ s VLA+WM architecture realizes L3-level automatic driving, this technological leap from end to end will lead China’s intelligent driving to a new era dominated by "world model".
When making Yuanxiao, you should first make the stuffing, dip it in water, and then throw it into a basket full of glutinous rice flour and shake it. Zhongxin. com Wu Tao photo
Beijing, March 1 (Reporter Qiu Yu) The Lantern Festival is the first important festival after the Spring Festival. People enjoy lanterns and solve riddles on the lanterns, and of course, they eat Yuanxiao or Tangyuan.
Some people like to make homemade Yuanxiao or glutinous rice balls, eat them fresh, and have more choices in the taste of stuffing. So, how is Yuanxiao made? What’s the difference between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan?
How is Yuanxiao made?
On February 27th, Master Yu Bojun of Daoxiang Village in Beijing showed the process of shaking Yuanxiao in a sales department.
When making Yuanxiao, you should first make the stuffing, dip it in water, and then throw it into a basket full of glutinous rice flour and shake it. Then dip it in water, continue to roll the glutinous rice flour, and repeat it many times to make it gradually round and bigger.
Yu Bojun dipped the stuffing in water and prepared to throw it into a basket filled with glutinous rice flour. Zhongxin. com Li Jinlei photo
"In the process of shaking, let the Yuanxiao fully collide, so that the glutinous rice flour can stick more firmly. The whole process takes about 15 minutes when making by hand, and the weight of each Yuanxiao is about 25 grams." Yu Bojun said.
According to him, the glutinous rice flour used to shake Yuanxiao is made of stone grinding technology, which can retain the nutrients and natural fragrance of glutinous rice to the maximum extent. The glutinous rice dumplings shaken out have high viscosity and are soft and strong to eat.
Homemade dumplings and sweet dumplings are favored.
Yu Bojun’s live show attracted many Beijing residents to watch.
"Now shake Yuanxiao see less and less. This kind of Lantern Festival is fresh. I want to buy some and try it to see if it has an old flavor. " A woman in her fifties and sixties said.
Yu Bojun’s live show attracted many Beijing residents to watch. Zhongxin. com Li Jinlei photo
This Lantern Festival, everyone’s enthusiasm for making Yuanxiao and Tangyuan is not low. According to the data provided by JD.COM to the reporter of Zhongxin. com, the sales amount of glutinous rice flour increased by more than 80% in the early period of Lantern Festival.
The data shows that young and middle-aged people and female users prefer homemade Yuanxiao and glutinous rice balls, and the consumption of glutinous rice flour accounts for a high proportion. Specifically, the consumption amount of female consumers accounts for 69%, and the consumption amount of the 26-45 age group accounts for 77%.
New tastes are more popular with young people.
The tastes of Yuanxiao and Tangyuan are getting richer and richer. The reporter visited a number of supermarkets in Xicheng District of Beijing and found that in addition to traditional fillings such as red bean paste and black sesame, new flavors such as roses, blueberries and chocolate are not uncommon.
"Most of the people who buy new flavors of Yuanxiao or Tangyuan are young people. From the perspective of sales, traditional tastes still dominate." A supermarket staff member said.
Stuffing used in making Yuanxiao. Zhongxin. com Wu Tao photo
Yu Bojun said that sweet-scented osmanthus, hawthorn and buttered cocoa are more popular among young people, and yellow rice and calcium milk, yellow rice and red dates, longan and yellow rice, brown sugar and walnut fillings are the new flavors this year.
According to the data of JD.COM, post-90s prefer fruit stuffing, mixed flavor and fresh meat stuffing, post-80s prefer mixed flavor, fruit stuffing and peanut stuffing, post-70s like bean paste, black sesame stuffing and peanut stuffing, while post-60s like bean paste, fresh meat stuffing and black sesame stuffing.
Extension — —
What’s the difference between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan?
China is known as "Yuanxiao in the north and Tangyuan in the south". What’s the difference between Yuanxiao and Tangyuan?
Guo Yaping, deputy director of the food factory of Beijing Daoxiangcun Food Co., Ltd., told the reporter of Zhongxin.com that the production technology of Yuanxiao and Tangyuan is different. Yuanxiao is "shaken" and Tangyuan is "wrapped".
Data map: After boiled, the surface of glutinous rice balls is smoother than Yuanxiao, and the soup water is relatively clear. Zhongxin. com Qiu Yu
They also have different appearances. After the Lantern Festival is cooked, there will be a "velvet head" on the surface, that is, there will be floating powder on the surface. When the rice flour is cooked in the pot, the soup will be milky white. Yuanxiao expands rapidly after cooking, and its size is bigger than glutinous rice balls. The dumpling skin is made of dry glutinous rice flour and water into dough, and then wrapped with stuffing, which has better cohesion, smoother surface and clear boiled soup.
In addition, from the taste point of view, Yuanxiao is more biting and has a prominent glutinous rice noodle flavor; Tangyuan is tender, smooth and soft, and the smell of glutinous rice is not obvious. (End)
You don’t need to be a fitness expert
There are not many technical thresholds.
It can be in groups of three or five.
You can "I" walk alone.
After "City Walk" became
After the "new favorite" of people’s travel and rest
"City Ride" is also hot and "out of the circle"
A pair of iron legs and two sleeves.
Ride your beloved bike and roam the city.
It has become a leisure way for many people to punch in.
The literal translation of "City Ride" is city riding. The so-called riding, riding tools are bicycles. China’s cycling culture has experienced ups and downs. In 1956, a 28-inch "permanent" model was rolled off the assembly line, and New China had the ability to independently design and produce bicycles. From "Phoenix" to "Flying Pigeon", the bicycle was not only one of the "three big things" for generations of Chinese people to get married, but also connected with the mobile China in the eyes of their parents. Later, with the rise of vehicles such as family cars and battery cars, the status of bicycles as "commuting kings" was gradually replaced.
What is the charm that makes bicycles a new favorite again? Let’s talk about it today.
one
Why is Citylide fascinating?
The popularity of Citylide is beyond many people’s imagination. According to statistics, at present, there are more than 100 million people cycling regularly in China, and nearly 10 million people participate in cycling. Except for a few professional cyclists, most people still take the City Ride route, which is a hobby of cycling. Walk too slowly, drive too fast, and ride just right.
Notes on cycling on social platforms.
So, why do so many people have a special liking for the new "online celebrity Movement" of City Ride?
The sense of surprise of "meeting unexpectedly"
For office workers who work from nine to five in the city, the usual life path is fixed between home and work, and the scenery on the way to and from work every day is similar. Different from the simple commuting at two o’clock and one line, Citylide’s route is more random and diverse, and it can also bring more fresh experiences.
Riding and stopping on a "popular" path, maybe something new will pop up at the next intersection: an ice-cold special latte, a pot of steaming cakes and snacks … A moment of free energy can cure the fatigue of the day.
Ultimate pure "cost performance"
Compared with style and style, nowadays, people pay more attention to the cost-effective life, and consumption has also changed to practicality, applicability and economy, and City Ride meets everyone’s needs. As a zero-emission travel mode, City Ride can not only reduce the carbon emissions in the transportation field to a certain extent, but also contribute to environmental protection. It also finds a "three-all" solution that can not only exercise, but also change the sports scene for urban people who are inconvenient to exercise due to conditions such as venues and equipment.
In addition, riding can also choose not to match the speed, not to roll the equipment, and how much investment is controlled by yourself. Although the word City Ride seems to carry the label of exquisite petty bourgeoisie, in fact, the cost is not high and the operation is simple. What everyone pursues is the happiness of "doing more with less money".
"God Assist" of Social Platform
A large number of "planting grass" posts and sharing posts on social platforms have sent a wave of "god assists" to the popularity of Citylide, attracting the attention of a large number of sports enthusiasts.
Every weekend or weekday night, about three or five friends unlock different cycling routes and various new ways of playing, and explore new fun of urban life during cycling, which has become a lifestyle sought after by more and more people.
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How can City Ride be more comfortable?
What are the precautions?
When we ride a bicycle, there are three parts of our body that are in direct contact with the bicycle, that is, our hands (handlebars), our feet (pedals) and our buttocks (seat bags). The relationship between the contact points between the body and the bicycle and our height directly determines the posture, muscle force efficiency and comfort when riding.
How should we adjust these points according to our height?
We usually ride a bike, and we often adjust the distance between these points by adjusting the height of the seat bag to adjust the force angle of the thighs and knees when pedaling. If the height of the seat bag is too high or too low, the leg muscles will not be at the proper angle of force when riding, resulting in insufficient muscle strength, which will reduce the riding efficiency and make us feel uncomfortable.
Some studies have found that for cyclists, there is still a 30-degree bend (that is, a slight bend of the knee) in the knee bending angle (as shown in the figure) when the pedal is stepped to the end, and riding with a body leaning forward angle of 55 is the most comfortable.
Source: Priego Quesadaji, Pé rez-Soriano P, Lucas-Cuevas AG, Salvador Palmer R, Cibriá n Ortiz de Andarm. Effect of Bike-Fit in the Perception of Comfort, Fatigue and Pain. J Sports Sci. 2017 Jul; 35(14):1459-1465. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1215496. Epub 2016 Aug 4. PMID: 27490817.
Next, I will teach you a simple way to adjust the height of the seat bag. The specific method is to hold the seat bag under your arm and straighten your arm. If your fingertips are just at the center of the car, then the height of the seat bag is more appropriate.
Although this adjustment is not accurate enough, it is no problem for you to ride comfortably for several kilometers. Of course, if your driving skills are poor and the road conditions are complicated, you can lower the height of the seat bag a little to make an emergency stop.
Of course, the original intention of riding is no matter how good and the experience is wonderful. If there is no safety as the premise, nothing can be discussed. These safety knowledge should be kept in mind:
Cycling in the right place
When riding, you should choose a square or park with riding lanes; When riding a bike on the street, be sure to take the bike lane, and it is strictly forbidden to walk through the traffic; Avoid cycling in crowds. Pedestrians who are knocked down by bicycles, especially those who hurt their heads, are likely to face fatal risks.
Riding age should be legal.
Article 72 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that driving bicycles, tricycles, electric bicycles and motorized wheelchairs for the disabled on the road shall comply with the following provisions: driving bicycles and tricycles must be at least 12 years old; Driving electric bicycles and motorized wheelchairs for the disabled must be at least 16 years old.
Obey the rules and order
When riding a non-motor vehicle on the road, it is necessary to pass in the non-motor vehicle lane; If there is no non-motor vehicle lane on the road, you should drive along the right side of the road. During riding, you should obey the traffic signals, stop at the red light, go at the green light, don’t race against the second, don’t be distracted, ensure safety before passing, and don’t rush through the red light for a moment!
Stay away from vehicle blind spots.
When a large vehicle turns, the trajectories of the front and rear wheels do not coincide, which will present a meniscus-shaped blind zone. If you are in this area at this time, it is easy to be blown down and involved in the bottom of the car, resulting in a crushing accident.
If you want to enjoy riding, it is not only related to urban planning and traffic management, but also depends on the joint efforts of every cyclist.
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Guangzhou 520 km cycling road
Embrace City Ride
Guangzhou recently launched 520 kilometers.
Mountain and sea riding the road
You can punch in the classic scenic spots in the city
You can also get close to nature
Focus on a sense of relaxation
Schematic diagram of the main line of 520km mountain and sea cycling road in Guangzhou.
Guangzhou’s 520-kilometer mountain and sea cycling road is about 520 kilometers long, reaching Liuxihe National Forest Park in Conghua in the north, passing through the Pearl River Belt and reaching Nansha Beach in the south.
The landscape pattern of Yunshan Lianzhushui and the green infrastructure space occupying about two thirds of Guangzhou’s urban area have laid a good foundation for the development of cycling roads. With the long-term efforts of Guangzhou, the prototype of cycling systems such as greenway, Bidao, country road and municipal road slow lane has been built.
Li Hu Bi Dao.
Taking the cycling road as the carrier, connecting dots and lines into a network, connecting traditional villages, industrial heritages, industrial towns, ecological, agricultural, historical, urban, marine and other landscape resources in series, creating a number of theme sections, promoting comprehensive land improvement in the whole region with high quality and efficiency, and helping the "100 million project" and the construction of green and beautiful Guangzhou.
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Guangzhou cycling route recommendation
Swipe up and down to view
"Ride" on a stream
Mountains and rivers, drunk beauty oxygen bar.
Conghua is famous for its rare hot springs, beautiful scenery and fresh air. Three or five confidants meet to relax by riding outdoors.
Bidao, Wenquan Town, Conghua.
Riding along the Liuxi River, you can enjoy the national version pavilion, hot spring scenic spot, Mibu town, Congdu wetland park, ecological design town and other scenic spots, enjoy the magnificent scenery such as "mountains, water, fields, beaches and pavilions", and also go deep into natural oxygen bars such as Liuxi River Forest Park, Shimen Forest Park and Fengyunling Forest Park to feel the infinite charm of nature.
"Riding" in Zengcheng
Zengjiang Gallery, lingering.
Zengcheng has rich waterfront scenery and greenway network foundation, among which the greenway cycling route in Zengcheng District is one of the ten "2023 China Outdoor Sports Boutique Cycling Routes" issued by China Cycling Association, and it is also the only selected route in Guangdong Province.
Zengjiang Gallery Bidao.
The route runs through the north and south, surrounded by mountains and water, and mainly passes through roads such as Zengfang Road and Lijing Avenue, and is connected in series with Zengjiang Gallery, Liantang Spring Scenery, He Xiangu Scenic Area, White Narcissus Waterfall and Lihu Wetland. Ride across the winding rural roads, enjoy the beautiful Wei town, the old street Gu Xiang, the Hemei village and the flowery greenway along the way, and experience the continuous picture of the blending of humanities and natural landscapes.
"Riding" meets the new central axis
Prosperous business capital, enjoy vitality
Guangzhou’s new central axis links nature, gathers commerce and trade, and opens up its sources. Ride all the way along Ersha Island and Yuejiang Road Bidao, and enjoy the beautiful scenery along the river and the bustling city.
Read Jiang Lubi Road.
There are many landmark buildings in the CBD of Pearl City, high-grade office buildings and high-end shopping malls, and there are many people in Guang Zhouta, flower city square, Haixinsha, Ersha Island and Pagoda. The atmosphere of Pazhou artificial intelligence gathering area is getting stronger, and trams are passing by. The theme flower road of Yuejiang Road makes the most beautiful Guangzhou Road. Pazhou Exhibition Hall tells the long history of a thousand-year-old business capital, and children’s parks, exhibition parks and post stations are available for cyclists to rest.
Riding in Panyu
Pastoral water town, ancient rhyme and new wind
There are many famous villages, citizen farms and holiday farms in Lingnan in the eastern suburb of Panyu, including daling village, a cycling resort and Gull Island, as well as modern leisure agriculture demonstration areas such as Hualong, Lianhuazhou and Gull Island.
Gull island in the evening.
Riding along the road, rivers are intertwined, bridges are criss-crossing, fish ponds are connected with rice fields, orchards and farms are interlaced, one side is the lion ocean with clear water and blue sky, and the other side is the leisurely and tranquil pastoral scenery, which is quiet and peaceful and refreshing.
Ride to Nansha
South of the coast, facing the wind by the sea.
Along the Jiaomen River, Lingshan Island, Tsim Bi Road, Pazhou Waterway and Huigu Super Dike, a series of ecological corridors stretch along the bi-colored embankment.
On both sides of Jiaomen River in Nansha.
Riding along the road, you can have a panoramic view of endless waves and sunset, and experience "stealing a half-day leisure" from the busy urban life. The 21st Surge of Nansha, known as the "Antarctic of Guangzhou", has been going south along the Bidao of Wanqingsha Island, overlooking the boundless Lingdingyang at the mouth of the Pearl River with "Yunshan Zhushui", and feeling the vast nature at the southernmost tip of Guangzhou by the sea breeze.
The world is so fast.
Sometimes I want to slow down.
Experience mountain and sea riding in Guangzhou
And don’t forget to pay attention to safety.
Enjoy the pleasure of riding.
Reference: People’s Daily Popular Science, People’s Daily Review, Zhejiang Propaganda, Guangzhou Daily, China Guangzhou Publishing, Popular Science China.
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