The audience visited the bionic UAV information acquisition system in integration of defense and civilian technologies Science and Technology Innovation Exhibition, the annual meeting of China Association for Science and Technology. Xinhua news agency

　　Promoting the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies is a systematic project. We should be good at using systematic science, systematic thinking and systematic methods to study and solve problems. We should not only strengthen top-level design, but also adhere to key breakthroughs. We should not only grasp the present but also seek the long-term, strengthen demand docking, strengthen reform and innovation, strengthen resource integration, focus on key areas, promote the overall level from point to area, and accelerate the formation of a comprehensive, multi-field and high-efficiency deep development pattern in integration of defense and civilian technologies.

　　— — General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed at the second plenary meeting of the Central integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Committee held on September 22, 2017.

　　In early autumn, the sky in Beijing is high and the clouds are light. On September 18th, the third exhibition of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s achievements in developing high-tech equipment opened in Beijing. A large number of high-tech equipment achievements developed by integration of defense and civilian technologies, including "Shenwei Light of Taihu Lake", Godson series autonomous controllable high-performance processors, high-precision atomic clocks, autonomous underwater robots, etc., which ranked first in the world supercomputer for three consecutive years, were unveiled.

　　An exhibition is a microcosm. Pieces of objects, models and wonderful videos comprehensively and systematically show the staged achievements in the development of national defense science, technology and industry in integration of defense and civilian technologies since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　1. The development of integration of defense and civilian technologies has become a national strategy.

　　At present, in the competition of comprehensive national strength, major countries in the world are vigorously promoting integration of defense and civilian technologies or the integration of military and civilian, so as to achieve a win-win situation in which the overall military capability jumps and the national economic strength is enhanced, and thus realize long-term national defense security.

　　Integration of defense and civilian technologies’s proposition of the times was born at the right time. On March 12, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the plenary session of the PLA delegation at the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress that upgrading integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development to a national strategy is a major achievement in our long-term exploration of the law of coordinated development of economic construction and national defense construction, and a major decision made from the overall situation of national security and development strategy.

　　In July 2016, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Central Military Commission issued Opinions on the Integrated Development of Economic Construction and National Defense Construction. This is the first programmatic document guiding the integrated development of economic construction and national defense construction since the founding of New China.

　　In August 2017, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Science and Technology Committee of the Military Commission jointly issued the "Special Plan for the Development of Science and Technology integration of defense and civilian technologies in the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), which laid out 16 key tasks in seven aspects to promote the development of science and technology integration of defense and civilian technologies during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, and proposed that by 2020, a collaborative innovation system of military and civilian science and technology will basically be formed.

　　Experts believe that "Planning" has drawn a clear "road map" for coordinating the national innovation resources and comprehensively promoting the integration of defense and civilian technologies of science and technology, formed the top-level design for the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies in the field of science and technology in China, and marked the beginning of comprehensive and deep integration of science and technology integration of defense and civilian technologies.

　　On September 22, 2017, the second plenary session of the Central integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Committee was held, only three months after the first plenary session. Although the time is short, the results are quite fruitful — —

　　Special plans such as the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Science and Technology integration of defense and civilian technologies" and national economic mobilization were issued and implemented, and 20 provinces issued integration of defense and civilian technologies development plans; Initiate the implementation of the reform of the first batch of 41 military research institutes, deepen the demonstration of airspace management system, military pricing bargaining rules, equipment procurement system and other reform programs, and comprehensively push forward the joint review mechanism of weapons and equipment research and production licenses and equipment contractors; We will promote the integration and sharing of large-scale military and civilian defense scientific research instruments and equipment, the innovative cooperation of military-civilian dual-use technology alliance with equity as the link, and the identification and access standards of supporting core military products for civilian enterprises throughout the country.

　　2. Straighten out the mechanism. integration of defense and civilian technologies releases the "institutional dividend"

　　In the 2nd integration of defense and civilian technologies High-tech Achievements Exhibition held in Beijing in 2016, among the 163 exhibitors, 87 private high-tech enterprises, more than half. The reporter met Song Youchun, an exhibitor from a private enterprise, who was explaining to the audience the function of night vision equipment independently developed and produced by his company.

　　With the help of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s "Bonus", Song Youchun’s company has now become a professional supplier of night vision photoelectric products with strong independent research and development capabilities in China. Many core technology products have been authorized by national defense patents and passed the safety certification of military security technology prevention products. "Entering the military field has actually expanded the application radius of technology and enabled the results to better connect with the market." Song Youchun said that in the past, it was always felt that the participation of civilian technology in military products was very far away from us ordinary people. It was integration of defense and civilian technologies’s national development strategy that made military technology no longer "cold".

　　What makes private entrepreneurs such as Song Youchun feel no longer "cold" is that the field of weapons and equipment research and production has embarked on the road of open development and actively absorbed the superior resources of the whole society. At present, the number of licensing items for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment has been reduced to 755, with a reduction of 62%; The number of private enterprises licensed for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment has increased from less than 500 at the beginning of 2012 to 1,169, with an increase rate of over 130%.

　　In addition, after integration of defense and civilian technologies became a national strategy, the relevant state ministries and commissions successively issued a series of policies to deepen the reform of the military industry and promote the people’s participation in the army, which enabled more and more enterprises and institutions to enjoy the "institutional dividend" brought by integration of defense and civilian technologies, and changed from "I want to integrate" to "I want to integrate" in the past, and the highlights of key areas were frequent.

　　It only takes more than eight months from the time the user places an order to purchase and finally provides the launch service, and the carrying cost per kilogram of load is about 10,000 US dollars. The source of project funds depends on the extensive participation of private enterprises and commercial self-financing … … In January 2017, the "Kuaizhou No.1 A" small solid launch vehicle successfully put three satellites into orbit, which was a purely commercial space launch that operated in full accordance with the market mode.

　　Over the past five years, the awareness of integration of defense and civilian technologies in various fields has been continuously enhanced, and the atmosphere in integration of defense and civilian technologies has become increasingly strong.

　　3. The road to integration is deeper and wider.

　　National defense science, technology and industry is the key area of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development and an important part of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development strategy. Reform and deep integration have become the consensus of many military enterprises and military research institutes.

　　Easy-to-wear "air conditioning vest", automatic aiming "missile fire extinguishing" products, ground penetrating radar & HELIP for scanning underground pipelines; … These are the products of China Aerospace Science and Industry Group’s integration of defense and civilian technologies. The data shows that in 2016, the integration of defense and civilian technologies industry of Aerospace Science and Industry Group achieved operating income of 133.2 billion yuan, accounting for 65% of the total operating income, and the scale of integration of defense and civilian technologies industry has exceeded the overall operating income of the group company in 2012.

　　In the aerospace science and technology group, the conversion of aerospace technology to civilian use has become more and more common. The aerospace engineering company affiliated to the First Hospital independently developed the pressurized gasification technology of aerospace pulverized coal and a complete set of process packages, which is of great significance for developing "coal-to-oil" and ensuring oil supply in China in the future; Dongfanghong Aerospace Biological Company introduced Tianqu, Aerospace Oral Liquid, Aerospace Bone Protective Agent and other daily necessities closely related to the people. By the end of 2016, the civil industry revenue of Aerospace Science and Technology Group reached 128 billion yuan, accounting for half of the total revenue.

　　Integration of defense and civilian technologies is not only an act of rejuvenating the country, but also a strategy of strengthening the army. In recent years, CSIC’s major projects in integration of defense and civilian technologies have frequently attracted people’s attention.

　　Jiaolong. On June 13th, 2017, Jiaolong completed the last dive of China Dayang 38 voyage. In five years, CSIC plans to independently develop a manned submersible with a depth of 11,000 meters based on the technical achievements of existing deep-sea equipment, and complete the 10,000-meter dive.

　　Ship lift for the three gorges of the yangtze river. On September 18, 2016, the Yangtze River Three Gorges ship lift with the highest technical difficulty and the largest scale in the world officially started trial navigation. In the development of ship lift, CSIC has widely applied the management experience of large-scale military projects and a number of military technologies. The military is for civilian use and the achievements are shared, which shows integration of defense and civilian technologies’s concept of "sharing".

　　In addition to military enterprises, in the era of integration of defense and civilian technologies, the collaborative innovation modes of various subjects in the military and local areas are more diverse. In the past five years, innovation alliances, collaborative centers and innovation parks have sprung up everywhere.

　　Sichuan has become a trendsetter in integration of defense and civilian technologies with "four firsts": the first to set up a provincial-level integration of defense and civilian technologies development leading organization, the first to set up a provincial-level integration of defense and civilian technologies industrial development fund, the first to set up a provincial-level integration of defense and civilian technologies high-tech industrial alliance, and the first to establish a strategic cooperative relationship with the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau and all central military industrial groups.

　　The wind and thunder are moving, the flag is stirring, and the grand plan is set. Up to now, there are more than 20 state-level military-civilian industrial bases in Beijing, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan. All-factor, multi-field and high-efficiency tide of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s deep development is coming.

　　Count these five years.

　　At present, the licensing items for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment are reduced to755Item, pressure reduction62%; Private enterprises licensed for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment are less than in early 2012.500Home has grown to1169Home, the growth rate exceeds130%.

　　In recent five years, China has continuously maintained its position as the largest shipbuilding country in the world, with shipbuilding completion, new orders and hand-held orders accounting for about the world share.40%.

　　In 2016, integration of defense and civilian technologies Industry of Aerospace Science and Industry Group achieved operating income.1332Billion yuan, accounting for the total operating income.65%Integration of defense and civilian technologies’s industrial scale exceeded the overall operating income of the group company in 2012.

　　(Reporter Ye Lefeng)

According to the Associated Press, on April 2nd, April Fool’s Day, Google’s email Gmail celebrated its 20th anniversary.

Larry Page and Sergey Brin, co-founders of Google, are so fond of pranks that they began to put forward strange ideas on April Fool’s Day every year shortly after they founded the company more than a quarter of a century ago. One year, Google posted a vacancy in the Copernicus Research Center on the Moon. Another year, the company said it planned to launch crawling and sniffing functions on its search engine.

These jokes are always so exaggerated that people learn to laugh them off as another example of Google pranks. That’s why Page and Brin decided to reveal something that no one believed on April Fool’s Day 20 years ago.

This is Gmail, which is a free service, and each account has 1 GB of storage space. In the era of 1 TB iPhone, this number sounds almost insignificant. But it sounded like an absurd e-mail capacity at the time, enough to store about 13,500 e-mails before running out of space, while the leading e-mail services operated by Yahoo and Microsoft at that time could only store 30 to 60 e-mails. This means that the e-mail storage space has increased by 250 to 500 times.

In addition to the storage leap, Gmail is also equipped with Google’s search technology, so users can quickly retrieve tidbits from old emails, photos or other personal information stored on the service. It also automatically strings together a series of communications about the same topic, so everything flows together as if it were a conversation.

"Our initial publicity was all about the three S’s-storage, search and speed. Marissa Mayer, a former Google executive, said that she helped design Gmail and other company products before becoming CEO of Yahoo.

This is such a puzzling concept that shortly after the Associated Press published a report about Gmail in the afternoon of April Fool’s Day in 2004, readers began to call and email the news agency to tell them that they had been cheated by Google pranksters.

"That’s part of the charm, making products that people can’t believe. To some extent, it has changed people’s views on the types of applications that may appear in web browsers. Paul Buchheit, a former Google engineer, recalled his efforts to build Gmail in a recent interview with the Associated Press.

As part of a project called Caribou, it took three years to complete-Caribou refers to a recurring joke in Dilbert comics. "Caribou is a ridiculous name, it just makes me laugh. Buchheit said that he is the 23rd employee employed by a company with more than 180,000 employees.

The Associated Press knew that Google was not joking with Gmail because an Associated Press reporter was suddenly asked to come to the company’s headquarters in Mountain View, California from San Francisco to see what would make the trip worthwhile.

After arriving at the still-developing enterprise park (which will soon become the later Googleplex), the Associated Press reporter was taken into a small office, and Page sat in front of his laptop with a naughty smile on his face.

Page, then only 31 years old, continued to show off Gmail’s stylish inbox and its running speed in Microsoft’s now retired Explorer web browser. He pointed out that there is no delete button in the main control window, because Gmail has such a large storage space and can be easily searched, so it is unnecessary. "I think people will really like this. Page predicted.

Like many other things, Page is right.

Gmail currently has an estimated 1.8 billion active accounts, and each account now provides 15 GB of free storage space, bundled with Google Photos and Google Drive. Although this is 15 times more storage space than Gmail originally provided, it is still not enough for many users who rarely see the need to clear their accounts, as Google hopes.

The digital accumulation of emails, photos and other content is the reason why Google, Apple and other companies are now making money by selling extra storage capacity in data centers. (As far as Google is concerned, its charges range from $30 per year for 200 GB storage to $250 per year for 5 TB storage).

The existence of Gmail is also the reason why other free email services and internal email accounts used by employees at work provide much more storage space than imagined 20 years ago.

Buchheit said: We are trying to change people’s way of thinking, because people have been working in this storage-scarce mode for so long that deleting has become the default operation.

Gmail has changed the rules of the game in several other aspects, and at the same time it has become the first cornerstone for Google’s Internet empire to expand into its still dominant search engine.

Gmail was followed by Google Maps and Google Docs with word processing and spreadsheet applications. Subsequently, the video website YouTube was acquired, and then the Chrome browser and Android operating system were launched, which was adopted by most smartphones in the world. Since Gmail has made it clear that it intends to scan email content to better understand users’ interests, Google has no doubt that digital monitoring in order to sell more advertisements will become part of its expanding ambition.

Although Gmail caused an immediate sensation, its scope was limited at first, because Google only had enough computing power to support a small number of users at first.

"When we launched, we only had 300 machines, and they were all old machines that others didn’t want. Buchheit said with a smile. "Our capacity is only enough for 10,000 users, which is a bit ridiculous. 」

But this scarcity has created an exclusive atmosphere around Gmail, which has promoted the fanatical demand for elusive registration invitations. Once upon a time, invitations to open Gmail accounts sold for $250 each on eBay. "It becomes a bit like a social currency, and people will say, Hey, I got an invitation from Gmail. Do you want one? Buchheit said.

Although it became easier to register Gmail with more large data center networks of Google, it was not until 2007 that the company opened its doors to the world as a Valentine’s Day gift that it began to accept all users to use the email service.

A few weeks later, on April Fool’s Day in 2007, Google announced a new feature called Gmail Paper, which gave users the opportunity to let Google print out emails and archive them, and then save them. Send it to them by postal service.

Google was really joking at the time.

　　　　 On February 23rd, Beijing time, according to foreign media reports, Emma Colin joined the remake of the classic Nosferatu, and her role was not exposed.

　　Cass includes Bill Skarsgard, Lily-Ross Depp, nicholas hoult and willem dafoe. The story is set as "a Gothic legend, which tells the infatuation between a young woman and an ancient Transylvanian vampire in 19th century Germany. He followed her and brought unspeakable horror".

　　The original version of Northfaratu is adapted from braam stock’s novel Dracula, which tells the story that alak, the vampire count of Taransivania, ordered a house in Germany, spread the plague to Germany, and was finally eliminated by the real estate agent and his wife. This black-and-white silent film is groundbreaking and a classic in many people’s minds.

　　In 1979, werner herzog also made a remake, which was mainly set in the 19th century in Wisma, Germany and Transylvania. This film is regarded as a remake of the German film "The Undead Zombie-Symphony of Fear of Chestnuts" adapted from Drakula by F·W· Munau in 1922. Klaus kinski plays Dracula, isabelle adjani plays Lucy Huck, Bruno Ganz plays Jonathan Huck, and French art writer roland top plays Lenfeld.

　　There is a nominal sequel to the film: the Italian horror film Bloody Venice in 1988, starring kinski.

　　Jonathan Huck is a real estate agent in Weimar, Germany. His boss, Lenfeld, told him that a noble named Dracula wanted to buy a property in Weimar and assigned him to visit the Earl to complete this profitable transaction. So he said goodbye to his young wife Lucy, took the contract and documents needed to sell the house and traveled for four weeks to the castle in Dracula, Transylvania. During the trip, he stopped at a village, and the local people told him about vampires, hoping that he would stay away from the cursed castle. Huck ignored the villagers’ request and thought it was superstition. He continued his journey and climbed the Borgo Pass alone. When he arrived at Dracula Castle, he met the Earl, a strange-looking man almost like a rodent, with big ears, pale skin, sharp teeth and long nails.

　　Lonely Dracula was fascinated by Lucy’s portrait and immediately agreed to buy the property when she knew that the house was close to her home. During Jonathan’s visit, at night, his frequent and nightmare encounter with Dracula troubled him. At the same time, in Wisma, Lucy was tortured by a terrible night and worried about the coming bad luck. Besides, Lenfeld was sent to a mental hospital for biting a cow, and he was obviously completely crazy. To Huck’s horror, he found Dracula sleeping in the coffin, which convinced him that Dracula was indeed a vampire. At night, Dracula left the castle with his coffin full of cursed soil and went to Wisma. When Huck found him locked in the castle, he tried to jump out of the window with a sheet instead of a rope, but because the rope was not long enough, he fell and was seriously injured. The next morning, he was awakened by the sound of a young Roma violin, and then he was taken to the hospital, where he told the doctor about the "black coffin", but the doctors didn’t believe him, thinking that his injury affected his brain, which made him insane.

　　At the same time, Dracula and his coffin were on board, passing through the Black Sea port of Varna, crossing the Bosporus Strait and the Strait of Gibraltar, bypassing the Atlantic coast of western Europe, reaching the Baltic Sea and being transported to Wisma. On the way, Dracula killed all the crew as planned and made them look like they had suffered from bubonic plague. The ghost ship arrived in Wisma with its cargo, where doctors-including Abraham Van Helsing-were investigating the strange fate of the ship. They found a log, which recorded the torture caused by the plague to the crew. Then, Wisma was drowned by the rats on the boat. Dracula came to Wisma with his coffin, and death quickly spread throughout the town. Jonathan was too ill to recognize his wife when he was finally sent home. Later, Lucy met Dracula. He was exhausted, but he couldn’t die. He hoped Lucy could give him some love as generously as Jonathan, but Lucy refused him, which made him feel depressed. Lucy realized that there was something else besides the plague, which caused the once quiet town to become dead everywhere. She was deeply desperate. When she tried to convince the people in the town, they were skeptical and uninterested. So she decided to distract Dracula at dawn at the expense of her own life to conquer his evil. So she lured Dracula to her bedroom, and he sucked her blood.

　　Lucy’s beauty and purity distracted him, and he didn’t notice the cock’s morning crow. At the dawn of the first day, he collapsed and died. When Dr. Van Helsing came here, he found that Lucy had won with her life, and then he nailed a stake to the count’s heart to ensure that Lucy’s sacrifice would not be in vain. In the final twist, Jonathan Huck wakes up from his illness, but he has become a vampire. He lied that Van Helsing murdered Dracula and got him arrested. Finally, wearing black clothes as elegant as Dracula, he rode away from Wisma, mysteriously saying that there were still many things to do.

　　(Meng Qing)

Xu Lejiang, Deputy Director of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, Party Secretary and Executive Vice Chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce

　　CCTV News:At 14: 30 on December 4, "Summit Dialogue between Chinese and Foreign Ministers — Internet inclusive sharing was held in Huamei Palace, Wuzhen Pillow Water Hotel. With the aim of "strengthening policy communication and promoting exchanges and mutual learning", this forum will conduct in-depth discussions and exchanges in the form of keynote speeches and special discussions, so as to build an important international exchange platform for promoting Internet policy coordination and international cooperation between China and the world, promoting inclusive sharing of the Internet, and working together to build a community of destiny in cyberspace. CCTV reported the whole process.

　　Xu Lejiang, deputy director of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, party secretary and executive vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, said that the digital economy has brought subversive changes to almost all industries and fields. First of all, digital technology has become the core factor of production in the era of digital economy. The deep integration and development of digital technology and all walks of life has changed all aspects of production, sales, life and social development, and promoted all-round innovation of supply chain management. This time, I went to Wenzhou, Ningbo and Jiaxing to investigate the development of Zhejiang’s private economy because I participated in the Zheshang Conference and world internet conference, and I was deeply touched. Zhejiang is a pioneer in the development of private economy. I have seen several companies, and they have done very well in the past economy. Now they are all adapting to the changes of this era, embracing the Internet and data. With the advent of big data in the Internet era, personalized services came into being.

　　Second, the digital economy has become an important driving force for the conversion of old and new kinetic energy, and the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy has become a general trend. A new generation of digital technology, represented by mobile Internet, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, virtual reality and artificial intelligence, has spawned a large number of new technologies, new formats and new models, and a series of new models and new markets have emerged, opening up a broader space for economic development.

　　Third, the digital economy is reshaping the new pattern of manufacturing. Combine automation with technology, information and data. China has become a fertile ground for the development of digital economy. The China Municipal Government attaches great importance to the digital economy, and has implemented a series of major strategies and policy initiatives, such as strengthening the country through the Internet, further expanding and upgrading information consumption. China enterprises responded positively, and private enterprises also responded positively, seizing the development opportunity of digital wave, and realizing the leap-forward development of enterprises while promoting the rapid development of digital economy in China.

　　Xu Lejiang introduced that everyone knows that this year’s Double Eleven e-commerce promotion activities, the whole network achieved sales revenue of 253.9 billion, a year-on-year increase of 50%. Customers all over the world are trading here at the same time. In addition, more than 800 million pieces of express delivery arrived in thousands of households a week later. I think these innovations in China are changing the development mode of the world economy. Mobile payment in China leads the world, with the annual transaction volume of mobile payment exceeding 150 trillion, and the penetration rate of mobile payment reaching 77%. Mobile payment represented by Alipay, WeChat payment and Jingdong payment has become the first choice of people’s payment methods. In terms of sharing economy, a series of sharing economies, such as car sharing, bike-sharing, accommodation sharing and fitness sharing, are booming. By the end of this year, China’s sharing economy will reach 4.7 trillion yuan, which is becoming a new economic growth point. In terms of artificial intelligence, China’s development level of artificial intelligence technology is in step with that of developed countries in the world, and it is in a leading position in image recognition, algorithms and other aspects, and has established a new generation of national open innovation platform for artificial intelligence. In terms of intelligent manufacturing, a large number of traditional industries are moving towards intelligent production. Enterprises in China are accelerating the pace of digital transformation. In the future, the degree of digital application of enterprises will play a decisive role. We see that some enterprises have become the leaders of digital economy, and most enterprises are still in the process of transformation. To successfully realize this transformation, we must accelerate the digital transformation. Accelerating digital transformation is an inevitable requirement for enterprises to improve quality and efficiency and move towards the middle and high end. It is necessary to use digital technology to transform business processes.Transform the mode and mode of our enterprise management, actively develop networked manufacturing and mass customized services, provide consumers with more personalized products and services, and form differentiated competitive advantages.

　　As pointed out in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the main contradiction in our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the unbalanced development. I think the development of Zhejiang’s private economy reflects this change. In 1984, I went to Japan as an intern and went abroad for the first time, bringing back 280 disposable lighters to my colleagues in the unit. Today, China has been able to make. The new problem faced by our enterprises is to find the survival value of enterprises, find the market positioning, and at the same time rely on the digital age and the Internet. To accelerate the realization of digital transformation, we must enhance our sense of urgency. To accelerate the realization of digital transformation, we must rely on scientific and technological innovation, build smart factories, digital workshops and smart parks, and improve the quality and efficiency of production and operation.

　　Recently, it is rumored that the site of "abandoned hill" was accidentally dug up and destroyed during the construction of Xi ‘an subway. This paper not only analyzes that archaeological work is the "culprit" that delays the construction of subway, but also ridicules the Cultural Relics Bureau for going to work like a grave and being busy with cultural relics of little value. For a time, the protection of cultural relics was pushed to the forefront.

　　The site was discovered by accident? Will subway construction destroy cultural relics? Archaeologists are too busy to hastily dispose of unimportant cultural relics? Metro Line 5 needs to be temporarily rerouted? ……………………… Recently, 208 Fang contacted the Xi ‘an Cultural Relics Bureau and conducted an interview on related hot issues.

　　This information is not true

　　The net is ridiculous, and some mainstream media also follow suit. Under the internet profit model of "traffic is revenue", some communicators consciously or unconsciously get caught up in the reading volume of "100,000+",attract their attention with scary headlines such as "subway construction destroys cultural relics" and cover up the truth with inflammatory words such as "disposing of cultural relics at will". At first glance, the humorous style of writing is very lively, but it conveys the wrong information and misleads the public.

　　Behind the onlookers of this incident, not only the curiosity of the public was aroused, but also the public’s high concern for urban construction and cultural relics protection and the continuous improvement of cultural relics protection awareness. So, what are rumors? What about the real cultural protection work?

　　Proverbs 1: Does subway shield construction hurt cultural relics?

　　Truth: "Sorry, we are not in the same dimension."

　　According to archaeological data and investigation, the burial depth of ancient sites and tombs in the urban area of Xi ‘an is generally not more than 10 meters, while the subway shield construction is 10-mdash; It is less than 18 meters, so it will not "meet" with cultural relics. What about harm? There are large and deep ancient tombs outside the city, but the subway shield operation area is mostly carried out under the built roads and buildings, and these areas have carried out cultural relics exploration and archaeological excavation in advance during the road and building construction in the past, and it is difficult for the shield to encounter cultural relics.

　　Truth: "Don’t treat the cultural relics department as a small transparency."

　　Every subway in Xi ‘an has been "online" from line planning to construction. When planning, the subway line has evaded the known important sites; Before the construction, archaeological exploration will be carried out on the subway excavation sites and dispatching stations; When archaeological exploration reveals a site or an ancient tomb, archaeological excavation should be carried out first; After the archaeological work, the construction began. Planning, exploration, excavation and protection all have a set of strict process specifications.

　　"Before the construction of all projects in Xi’ an and the government’s land transfer, they must go through archaeological exploration and cover the whole city, which is rare in the country." Wang Zili, vice president of Xi ‘an Institute of Archaeology for Cultural Relics Protection, said that the implementation of "archaeological pre-positioning" has avoided the destruction of cultural relics in urban development and construction to the greatest extent. The so-called "accidental" discovery by netizens is just the inevitable result of archaeological work.

　　Proverbs 3: Metro Line 5 will be temporarily rerouted?

　　The truth: "The relevant personnel are ignorant: Why didn’t I know?"

　　In fact, as early as 2016, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute confirmed and discovered the site of Dongmafang, a "Sanpu" cultural relic, in cooperation with the archaeological exploration of Qinhuang Avenue project in Xixian New Area. From July to November, 2018, the Epang Palace and Shanglinyuan Archaeological Team, which were jointly formed by the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Xi ‘an Institute of Cultural Relics Protection Archaeology, excavated the project land with an area of 9,402 square meters, and found 3 rammed earth building foundations, 23 cleaning wells, 15 stoves, 73 ash pits, 5 modern pits, 1 tomb and 25 anatomical ditches. According to archaeological excavations and documents, and through expert argumentation, it is preliminarily judged that the cultural remains here may be the capital of Yong Wang Zhang Han, one of the Three Qin Dynasties — — Abandoned mound site. Due to the large scope of this site, it partially involves the line between Ximafang Station and Convention Center Station in the second phase of Metro Line 5. In December of the same year, the cultural relics department and the subway department organized experts to study the fine-tuning scheme of the subway line involving this area, and now the technical scheme has been formulated and reported.

　　In the construction of Xi ‘an Metro Line 2, a series of scientific and effective technical measures were taken for the subway to pass through the cultural relics buildings such as Xi ‘an City Wall and Bell Tower, such as adopting two-way bypass, increasing buried depth, shield construction, controlling settlement, adopting underground excavation method and seamless connection, which has reference significance for the cultural relics protection in subway construction in other parts of China and has been affirmed by National Cultural Heritage Administration.

　　Proverbs 4: There are too many cultural relics in Xi ‘an, so you will hastily dispose of less important cultural relics?

　　Truth: "Equal treatment, the road is not wild."

　　Archaeological excavation should be carried out for the underground cultural relics found, and it needs to go through the steps of applying for excavation license, site excavation and cleaning, photography, surveying and mapping, site protection, reinforcement, registration number, packaging and extraction of cultural relics. "Like surgery, no matter how big or small, there are no fewer procedural steps. We should extract all the information and not deal with it rashly." Tang Long, director of the Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology Department of Xi ‘an Cultural Relics Bureau, said that the protection of cultural relics is a national interest, and all archaeological excavations are treated equally, but the final display methods will be different.

　　After all, there are currently 3,246 immovable cultural relics registered in Xi ‘an, 52 national key cultural relics protection units, 108 provincial cultural relics protection units, and 264 city (county) cultural relics protection units ….. There are a large number, wide distribution and high level of cultural relics resources, which determines that the cultural protection work in Xi ‘an must be protected and displayed according to laws, regulations, steps and points.

　　Truth: "Cultural relics workers are explorers who restore history."

　　Tang Long told Fang Mei that archaeological work focuses on the first two of the three philosophical propositions — — "who am I" and "where do I come from". Archaeology is the basic work for the protection of cultural relics, and the material evidence provided by archaeology is the "just visiting" that connects the ancients and modern people, and enables modern people to intuitively feel the production and life scenes of the ancients and the splendid culture created.

　　"Before I have been to Sanxingdui, I can’t clearly understand what a" long-sighted "person is; Only after seeing the beautiful grape, flower, bird and silver sachet unearthed in hejia village cellar can we perceive the outstanding production technology and scientific and technological development level of the Tang Dynasty … "When it comes to unearthed cultural relics, Tang Long talked about it.

　　It is such a group of unknown archaeological explorers and guardians of cultural relics that cultural relics buried underground for thousands of years can wipe away the dust of history and glow with brand-new brilliance.

　　Babies buried along the subway

　　Fang Mei learned that the archaeological work of Xi ‘an Metro Line 2, Line 1, Line 3 and Line 4 has been completed, and these four subways have been completed and opened to traffic. The second phase of Line 5, Line 6 and Line 1, which are under construction, are all carrying out archaeological exploration and excavation. So, what are the archaeological discoveries along these subways?

　　Line two

　　A total of 174 ancient tombs were excavated along the subway that runs through the north-south axis of Xi ‘an city center. The tombs are small in scale and low in grade, and most of them belong to civilian tombs. Unearthed cultural relics are also very common, mainly pottery. Tombs are mainly distributed at the north and south ends of Line 2, especially in Zhangjiabao area in the northern suburb, and the burial times are mostly in the Western Han Dynasty. At the southern end of Line 2, the line passes through the ancient tomb area of Fengqiyuan in the southern suburbs of Xi ‘an, and the tombs of Han and Ming dynasties are mainly found.

　　On Line 1 (Houweizhai-Textile City Section), five ancient tombs were found, belonging to Han and Tang Dynasties. Among them, Kangfu Road subway station found one tomb of Tang Dynasty, Tonghua Gate (Jinhua Road) station found one ancient tomb, Wanshou Road station found two ancient tombs, and Textile City station found one ancient tomb.

　　Line 3

　　From 2013 to 2015, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute conducted archaeological exploration, among which 36 modern tombs and 6 wells were found in the depot of the port area. No ancient sites and tombs were found.

　　Line 4

　　From May to October, 2015, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute excavated 34 ancient tombs in Aerospace New Town Depot, including 8 tombs of Han Dynasty, 2 tombs of Northern Dynasty, 17 tombs of Tang Dynasty, 1 tomb of Ming Dynasty and 6 tombs of Qing Dynasty. A total of 263 cultural relics were unearthed. Of the 34 ancient tombs, 32 were stolen before archaeological exploration and excavation. In addition, in June 2016, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute excavated two Han tombs at Daming Palace Station.

　　Metro Line 5 and Line 6 are under construction, and Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute is carrying out archaeological exploration in the excavation area of the station enclosure along the line and the parking lot of the depot. Recently, a Han tomb was excavated in the north of Muta Temple Park in cooperation with the construction of Science and Technology Sixth Road Station on Line 6.

　　What is the coffee spot of Xi ‘an cultural relics system in China?

　　Xi ‘an is a city built on a thousand-year-old historic site. Since the 11th century BC, when Fenghao, the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, was established, Xi ‘an has a history of 3,100 years of urban development. Thirteen dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted for more than 1,100 years. It is also known as the "four historical ancient capitals" together with Cairo, Athens and Rome, and its cultural heritage is recognized as systematic, typical and representative.

　　The outstanding feature of Xi ‘an city is that the modern urban area and the ancient cultural heritage area are seriously overlapped. Among the 490 square kilometers of the central urban area, there are more than 200 square kilometers of important sites, the most important of which are the capital sites and imperial tombs of Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties.

　　According to the third national cultural relics survey, there are currently 3,246 immovable cultural relics registered in Xi ‘an, 52 national key cultural relics protection units, 108 provincial cultural relics protection units and 264 city (county) cultural relics protection units.

　　World cultural heritage has two places and six points: Terracotta Warriors and Horses; Silk Road: Chang ‘an — Tianshan Corridor Road Network: Weiyang Palace Site in Chang ‘an City of Han Dynasty, Daming Palace Site in Chang ‘an City of Tang Dynasty, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Little Wild Goose Pagoda and Xingjiao Temple Pagoda;

　　There are 4 national archaeological sites parks: Qin Shihuang Mausoleum National Archaeological Site Park, Hanyang Mausoleum National Archaeological Site Park, Daming Palace National Archaeological Site Park and Weiyang Palace National Archaeological Site Park in Chang ‘an, Han, ranking first in the country, accounting for one-ninth of the country;

　　There are 5 provincial-level cultural heritage parks: Duling, Shunling, Huaqing Palace Site, Xi ‘an City Wall and Dahua Cotton Mill, accounting for one fifth of the province;

　　There are 136 museums in Xi ‘an, including 7 national first-class museums: Shaanxi History Museum, Terracotta Warriors Museum of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, Xi ‘an Forest of Steles Museum, Hanyang Mausoleum Museum, Banpo Museum, Xi ‘an Museum and Datang West City Museum;

　　In recent years, Wei River Bridge Site in Chang ‘an City of Han Dynasty, Quercus Yangcheng Site in Qin and Han Dynasties (Yanliang) and Yangguanzhai Site (Gaoling) have gained ten new archaeological discoveries in China, which have attracted wide attention from all walks of life.

　　How to combine cultural protection with urban construction perfectly?

　　"In Xi ‘an, every hoe is a cultural relic", although it is a joke, it reflects the richness of Xi ‘an cultural heritage. Then, the problem comes: as a world famous historical and cultural city, Xi ‘an is always faced with the problem of how to protect the historical and cultural heritage and how to make good use of this urban resource on the basis of protection, so that the protection of historical and cultural heritage and urban modernization can coexist harmoniously.

　　In the face of contradictions, Xi ‘an has also formed a set of unique working mechanisms and systems to coordinate the protection of historical and cultural heritage and the development of urban modernization. For example, on the planning level, it is determined that the overall layout of Xi ‘an is a spatial development model of inheriting the ancient capital; At the level of laws and regulations, it constitutes the legal guarantee for the protection of historical and cultural heritage in Xi ‘an, and the work of cultural protection has a rigid constraint, which makes the protection of historical and cultural heritage have laws to follow and rules to follow.

　　According to Tang Long, in order to solve the problem of how to strengthen the protection of cultural relics in construction projects, the Regulations on the Protection of Immovable Cultural Relics in Xi ‘an, which was promulgated in December 2017, innovatively proposed that "before the allocation and transfer of land use rights, the municipal cultural relics administrative department shall organize archaeological investigation and exploration, and put forward opinions on land supply, and the expenses for archaeological investigation and exploration shall be borne by the municipal, district and county people’s governments". Not only did it solve the long-standing contradiction between cultural relics protection and construction projects, but it also realized the change from "archaeology before construction" to "archaeology before land transfer", making the land transfer a real "clean land", which is more conducive to developers’ investment and construction, and also has demonstration significance at the national level.

　　The "Xi ‘an Model" for the protection of great sites, the implementation of the "Museum City" construction, and the publication of the first industry consensus document "Xi ‘an Declaration" in the field of international cultural heritage protection named after the city of China … On the basis of the protection of traditional objects, the memory of cultural symbols, and the development and utilization of tourism value, how to endow historical and cultural relics with new connotations and new vitality, so as to organically combine them with modern urban functions, industrial development, employment and citizens’ lives, It plays a greater role in enhancing the city’s value, developing modern civilization, and improving the living environment, so that the urban civilization can develop continuously, and at the same time, the historical and cultural heritage can be protected and utilized forever. Xi ‘an has been advancing through exploration.

　　"Only by closely linking the protection of historical and cultural heritage with the expansion of modern urban functions, especially with the improvement of people’s lives, can history and culture be full of vitality, ‘ Cultural relics ’ In order to truly become ‘ Culture ’ Cultural relics can be truly ‘ Live ’ . For example, the opening of Daming Palace, Kunming Pool, Temple of Heaven and other sites has entered people’s lives in the form of public green spaces and parks. At present, Xi’ an is also actively exploring how to combine cultural relics protection with science and technology to better display cultural heritage, so that it can truly become a culture in the sense of people’s concepts and become a realistic and living culture, so that people can enjoy the dividends brought by cultural heritage protection. " Tang Long believes that only in this way can the development of modern cities be truly integrated with the protection of historical and cultural heritage, find a real foundation for the protection and display of historical and cultural heritage, and make historical culture a part of modern urban culture and people’s lives, thus becoming the core and soul of urban culture and enhancing the cultural self-confidence of the general public.

　　"Let the cultural relics speak and tell people the historical wisdom", as the Supreme Leader General Secretary said, every cultural relic is the narrator of China’s good story, and with a heart of awe, it is the immediate meaning of "making cultural relics alive" to explore the expression that cultural relics are easily accepted by modern audiences, tap the value of cultural relics in the new era, attract the public, especially young people, and let more people join in the protection of cultural heritage.

　　In the future, it is a test and a responsibility for Xi ‘an to integrate the natural geographical environment of a famous historical and cultural city with the internal texture of citizens’ life as a whole, and to show the historical and cultural development track of a thousand-year-old capital in a more comprehensive, three-dimensional and delicate way. (People’s Daily Central Kitchen Room 208 Wang Ziyu)

Drawing/Liu Yang

□ Chutian Metropolis Daily News reporter Krishna Kumari Changyu

"It’s so fun!" Recently, in the lobby on the first floor of a primary school in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone, more than ten fourth-grade students were in a circle, playing a game of slapping "cigarette cards". When three "cigarette cards" were knocked over at one time, the students at the scene gave a scream.

The reporter learned that this game called "cigarette card", with cigarette boxes folded into cards as props, is becoming the new favorite of primary school students. In the past few days, Jimu journalists have learned from their investigations that although playing "cigarette cards" can’t be equated with smoking, schools, parents, society and other parties have called for strengthening guidance and supervision of the game to keep children away from "cigarette cards".

one

There are many ways to play, and the "cigarette card" game has become a new favorite of students.

After in-depth investigation in many primary schools in Wuhan, the reporter found that the game of "smoke card" has various ways of playing, and children usually decide the outcome by tapping and flipping cards. This kind of game is easy to learn and competitive, so it spread quickly among primary school students.

In Yujiatou Primary School in Wuchang District, many sixth-grade students said that they had played "cigarette cards". "The’ Smoke Card’ is convenient and fast to play, and it can also arouse the enthusiasm of the students. The result is unknown before shooting the’ Smoke Card’, and the atmosphere is good when playing. If you shoot well, you can get the recognition of the surrounding students." One student said that this made them interested in the "cigarette card". If someone was playing around, he would watch and sometimes join the game.

In a primary school in Jianghan District, Wuhan, the reporter saw that the play of "cigarette card" is very simple. Students put the "cigarette card" on the horizontal table, and then beat the horizontal table with their hands in turn to make the "cigarette card" turn over. The number of "cigarette cards" in the game is the same as the number of students participating in the game. One card is calculated as 1 point, and the score reaches 10 points first for victory.

"We usually hit with our hands and use the wind fanned by our hands to flip the card." A student told reporters that playing "cigarette cards" also has skills, sometimes it takes a lot of effort to flip it, and sometimes it can be flipped with skill just by taking advantage of the wind.

2

Students tried their best to save cards, and some people rummaged in the garbage.

The reporter learned that most of the "cigarette cards" played by students were accumulated by themselves for many days, some of which were obtained from the elders who smoked at home, and some were found in the garbage dump.

"Your current hurdle time is 14 seconds. What reward do you want when you progress to 13 seconds?" "I want the’ smoke card’ of’ harmony with the world’." A teacher in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone told reporters that at first she thought that students wanted lollipops or snacks as rewards, but she didn’t expect that the reward students wanted was a "cigarette card". Therefore, she had to go to an older male teacher to beg for a cigarette case to be made into a "cigarette card".

She introduced that in the eyes of students, different brands of "cigarette cards" represent different values. It is also a cigarette of 100 yuan value, because there are more people smoking "Yellow Crane Tower" than "Harmony with the World" in Wuhan, so the "Harmony with the World" cigarette card is even rarer and more precious in the hearts of students, and they will not easily take out the "Harmony with the World" cigarette card to compete.

The "cigarette card" game is popular among primary school students, and many businesses on the Internet follow suit to sell "cigarette cards". Some students found that "cigarette cards" are valuable, but they are not necessarily real goods. "We can clearly judge that if the card has traces of tearing and some traces of pruning with scissors, it is a real’ cigarette card’. If the card is very neat and the color is completely uniform, it may be a fake’ cigarette card’." A student said.

three

Parents are worried about the negative effects of expressing their opinions.

"Children used to collect a lot of’ cigarette cards’, and sometimes they packed them in small bags and took them to school to play." A parent from Donghu High-tech Development Zone said that she thought her children were just accumulating cards, and she also collected some for her children. Later, she learned through communication with the teacher that some children were addicted to playing the "cigarette card" game. Not only did they quietly appreciate the "cigarette card" in class, but they also secretly patted the card to practice their skills. After school, they didn’t have the heart to do homework, which led to a decline in their academic performance. After that, she stopped letting their children play the "cigarette card".

Some parents think that if it is just a way of entertainment and leisure, it is good for children to relax or even stay away from their mobile phones. However, many children use violence when playing, and they are rude when hitting "cigarette cards", and some uncivilized behaviors have appeared. Seeing this phenomenon, we should still stop it.

A parent said that because "cigarette cards" are divided into different grades and grades, it is inevitable that there will be competition psychology when playing "cigarette cards" games, which will have a negative impact on children’s growth environment and value shaping.

"Playing’ cigarette cards’ is a bit like taking pictures of foreign countries. We also played it when we were young, and there are different ways to play it in different eras. If it is a box of some healthy food, we may not be anxious, but if it is a’ cigarette card’, we are still very worried. " A parent who lives in Jiang ‘an District of Wuhan told reporters that playing the "cigarette card" game will invisibly expose children to the information of cigarettes, which may make them curious and interested in smoking.

Guangdong parents, whose net name is "Deep Plum Fragrance", said, "The’ cigarette card’ is closely related to cigarettes. As a parent, I am more worried. Because I live near the primary school, many primary school students who play’ cigarette cards’ know all kinds of cigarettes like the palm of their hand, especially when they see that some shops are not standardized and sell the whole box of expired cigarettes to primary school students. "

four

Experts remind:

Familiarity effect deserves parents’ vigilance.

WeChat official account, the Voice of China of the Central Radio and Television Station, issued a message saying that Shi Yu, a psychologist, said in an interview with the media that parents should be wary of the "cigarette card" game, that is, the "familiarity effect". When children are used to cigarette boxes during the game, they will increase their curiosity and cognition of cigarettes in the future, which requires timely guidance from parents.

Shi Yu said that the "familiarity effect" means that children often see something, and children will have more desire to buy. Playing "cigarette card" may make children more curious about cigarettes and have more desire and impulse to get cigarettes. In addition, there are some hidden dangers in the way children get cigarette boxes, such as turning over trash cans.

Shi Yu told reporters that when children are young, a lot of knowledge is acquired through games. "There is nothing absolutely safe. Parents should educate their children to learn things in games, such as learning to obey rules and learning interpersonal communication."

WeChat official account, Guangming Daily, wrote that playing "cigarette cards" after class can really help children relax, but if it is out of control, it is possible to go from one extreme to the other. Therefore, we should not only respect children’s desire for games, but also constantly observe and improve them in practice, and study how to make better use of children’s precious game time.

five

The teachers said:

Once found, it will criticize education.

A primary school teacher in Wuchang told Jimu journalist, "Before, students were found playing with’ cigarette cards’ at school. After seeing them, teachers would immediately criticize and educate whether they were their own students or not. At present, there are a few students in the school who play the game of’ cigarette cards’, and there are only one or two’ cigarette cards’. After criticizing education, students have not collected them again. "

Teacher Huang, a sixth-grade class teacher in Wuhan, said that last week, she had just discovered that some students were playing "cigarette cards" on campus and immediately criticized and educated them. Teacher Huang told Jimu news reporter: "Usually, students in the class like to play all kinds of games, some use bottle caps as toys, and some use waste paper to make football. But last week, some students took out their’ cigarette cards’ to play. I immediately criticized and educated them, not only confiscated the’ cigarette cards’, but also informed their parents."

In response to this phenomenon, He Siyuan, a mental health teacher at Xinhua Xialu Middle School in Jianghan District, Wuhan, analyzed that many students play "cigarette cards" in order to gain recognition and avoid isolation. "Compared with getting good grades to get rewards,’ cigarette cards’ can bring random and timely rewards. The pursuit of rare cards is essentially a kind of irregular and indefinite positive feedback, which can bring double stimulation." He Siyuan said.

The reporter learned that many schools in Wuhan have launched initiatives to prohibit students from playing "cigarette card" games on campus. The school said that it will actively educate students about the dangers of tobacco and the possible adverse effects of the "cigarette card" game, and at the same time ask parents to strengthen guidance and education for their children.

Teacher Shi Fayang of Yujiatou Primary School in Wuchang District pointed out that the popularity of the "cigarette card" game reflects children’s curiosity and desire to explore new things when they grow up. As parents and schools, we should pay more attention to the healthy growth of children and guide them to establish correct values and hobbies.

"For children, healthy and beneficial games and activities can not only bring happiness, but also promote their physical and mental development. Therefore, parents and schools should work together to create a healthy and positive growth environment for children. " Xie Yanxia, principal of Zhuankou Primary School in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone, said.

　　Keywords: pension card, big data, commuting peak

　　The topic of "the elderly crowd the morning and evening rush hours" and "should the bus card for the elderly be disabled in the morning rush hours" will be on the hot search every three to five times.

　　A few days ago, a news that "Nanjing morning peak forbids to brush old-age cards" that exploded the circle of friends in Nanjing was finally confirmed as misinformation.

　　It can be seen that the public has a deep negative impression on the elderly to take public transportation for free in the morning rush hour.

　　However, Beijing has implemented the "Beijing Connect — Hundreds of millions of big data formed by the old-age disability card show that

　　Free bus ride for the elderly not only does not put pressure on the peak commuting hours of young people, but effectively supplements the bus capacity during the low commuting hours.

　　Old people over 60 take public transportation for free.

　　It is estimated that 4.3 million cards will be issued by the end of the year.

　　It is understood that Beijing Municipal Traffic Card Company has issued and accepted prepaid cards in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province, and has issued more than 100 million cards, which are widely used in public transportation, municipal administration, small consumption, mobile payment and other fields. Among them, the field of municipal services includes the much-watched "Beijing Tong-Pension Card for the Disabled", which allows the elderly to take public transportation and visit the park for free. The card is mainly physical card now, and will gradually transition to virtual card and wearable device in the future.

　　The "card for the aged and the disabled" is an identity certificate for the elderly in Beijing to enjoy social preferential treatment, social welfare, social services and other policies and services. It is an intelligent card integrating financial debit, allowance and subsidy distribution, municipal traffic card and other functions. The Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau entrusts banks to make and issue it for eligible elderly people through government procurement. The use and management of the card are in accordance with the "Beijing Tong — Measures for the administration of old-age disability cards.

　　Beijing Tong — The old-age disability card was fully launched on January 1, 2017, and it was initially only for the elderly over 65 years old. In November 2018, the original interim measures were revised, and the "Beijing Tong — The Measures for the Administration of Old-age Disabled Card has removed the age limit of 65 years old who can take public transportation and visit parks and scenic spots for free. Old people who are registered in this city at the age of 60 or above and who have applied for residence permits can enjoy preferential treatment in public transportation, parks and scenic spots with the old-age disabled card.

　　The scope of free rides includes bus operating lines in Beijing except for tourist sightseeing lines, customized buses and other diversified service lines, and fees are paid according to the regulations on public transport management when leaving the city.

　　Free visit to parks and scenic spots includes parks and scenic spots mainly invested and managed by municipal and district governments, including the Summer Palace, Tiantan Park, Beihai Park, Zhongshan Park, Jingshan Park, Xiangshan Park, Beijing Zoo, Beijing Botanical Garden, Taoranting Park, Zizhuyuan Park and yuyuantan park, with 11 in total. National legal holidays and large-scale activities shall be implemented according to the relevant management regulations of preferential places. When visiting parks and scenic spots, elderly people with cards must swipe their cards in parks equipped with credit card equipment; In parks and scenic spots without credit card equipment, enter the park according to the management requirements of each park and scenic spot.

　　From January 1, 2019, the Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau fully launched the old-age disability card for the elderly over 60 years old in the city. It is noteworthy that the Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau started the project of reforming the audit process of the old-age disability card, docked with the Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau the stock data of the elderly aged 58-60 who did not apply for the old-age disability card, and established the pre-audit customer information database of the old-age disability card. With the project put into production, the approval period of the old-age disability card was shortened by 5-15 working days. By the end of March 2019, the total number of cards for the aged and disabled in the city had exceeded 4 million, and it is estimated that the number of cards issued in the city will exceed 4.3 million by the end of 2019.

　　Old people generally travel after 9 am.

　　Commuting trough supplements public transport capacity

　　The Beijing Youth Daily reporter learned from the Beijing Municipal Traffic Card Company that the relevant data of the elderly using the "old-age and disabled card" can be followed up every day, and can be updated every 15 minutes at the earliest. At present, there are nearly 700 million pieces of behavioral data of the elderly that can be used for calculation in Beijing. Based on this, we can analyze the travel trend of the elderly, the travel density with the time axis every day, and the specific situation of getting on and off the bus and visiting the park.

　　The function of these big data is not only that, but also promotes the expansion of the population covered by the preferential treatment policy for the elderly and the disabled. It is understood that when the old-age disability card was first issued in 2017, it was a decision made by the government department based on experience. By 2018, with more than one year of experience accumulation and data foundation, whether the population studying preferential policies can be extended to the elderly over 60 years old, it has the conditions to make decisions with data drive.

　　When studying whether to expand the scope of issuing cards, we need to consider three issues. First, can the public transport capacity meet the requirements? Second, even if the overall transportation capacity can be achieved, is there a superposition between the peaks and valleys of the elderly and the commuting trips of young people? Third, there are some specific lines that need special treatment. In terms of public transportation, it is proposed that more than a dozen lines are saturated and no new and special burdens can be added.

　　At that time, the old-age disability card has formed 200 million to 300 million pieces of data. From the data point of view, after the calculation of public transport capacity, the total transport capacity is no problem, and commuters have obvious peaks and valleys every day, while the travel trend of the elderly is relatively flat, with no typical peaks and valleys, and the early peak of commuting is between 7: 30 and 8: 00, and it drops obviously after 8: 00, while the elderly basically travel after 9: 00, without obvious superposition effect. At the same time, the elderly supplement the public transport capacity during the low commuting period, which means reducing the waste of resources caused by empty driving and stopping of buses and making up for the structural design defects of public transport capacity.

　　With the above data base, the description of the line characteristics, artificial judgment and the decision of the government management department, Beijing finally made a decision to expand the number of card issuers. This has also become the first case of data-driven decision-making in this city.

　　In addition, the reporter learned that the big data of the old-age disability card can also study the travel situation of the elderly in a specific area from the time dimension, the spatial dimension and the transportation dimension of the elderly, and study the relationship between the facilities for the elderly and the travel radius of the elderly, helping to rationally plan and lay out the routes and stations of public transportation.

　　The data shows that the main destination of the elderly from their place of residence is the park, but the nearest park is not the most popular. Instead, they like to take public transportation to parks far away from their place of residence, such as Xiangshan and Summer Palace. There are still many elderly people who like to go to Xinfadi to buy food, and even often go to Xinfadi from 50 to 60 kilometers away. According to analysis, buying food is on the one hand, and many elderly people regard it as exercise.

　　Text/reporter Chen Si

BYD Seal 06GT is now on the market, and the price of the whole vehicle is 136,800-186,800 yuan. This is a brand-new pure electric vehicle of Ocean Net, and the whole vehicle has strong sports attributes, which is still different from the MONA M03 in Tucki.

Externally, BYD Seal 06GT is the design style of Ocean Net, which is relatively low and sporty as a whole. The front face is closed, with some grilles below and L-shaped vents on both sides. From the perspective of perception, you can tell at a glance that this is a sports model and the sports route you take.

Seal 06GT is a hatchback, which is also different from Xiaopeng MONA M03. The side of the hatchback does look full. In fact, the length of the seal 06GT is 4630mm and the wheelbase is 2820 mm. At first glance, it is really the design of the hatchback. In terms of side details, the posture of the whole vehicle is low, the smooth roof line echoes the penetrating waistline, and it is equipped with hidden door handles and red painted calipers. At first glance, it is the design of sports models.

In the shape of the tail, it has a penetrating taillight design and is equipped with a two-stage spoiler. This design emphasizes the sports attribute. As far as vehicle design is concerned, Seal 06GT undoubtedly takes a sports route, not a conventional family car style.

In the interior design, Seal 06GT belongs to the common interior style of BYD Auto. The 10.25-inch floating instrument +15.6-inch central control panel brings a good impression. The shifting mechanism made of crystal material and the surrounding circular function button area are also popular styles of Ocean Net. Seal 06GT built-in is the high-end version of intelligent cockpit -DiLink 100, which uses 6nm cockpit chip, and the CPU computing power reaches 136K DMIPS. The overall performance of the car is good, and the fluency and intelligence are remarkable.

In terms of vehicle configuration, it can still be seen that the "entry version" of Seal 06GT has made some sacrifices. For example, there is no L2-level assisted driving in the entry version, and the central control panel is reduced to 12.8 inches. In addition to the entry-level version, other configurations of the "smart driving" performed well. For example, he was equipped with 21 smart driving sensors, which still performed well on the hardware level.

Seal 06GT is based on E platform 3.0 Evo, which provides two kinds of power: single-motor rear-drive and dual-motor four-wheel drive. The motor power of the rear-drive version is 160kW and 165kW, and the zero-speed acceleration is 7.5 seconds. The total power of the four-wheel drive motor is 310kW, and the acceleration is 4.9 seconds. In terms of the performance of the whole vehicle, it is actually not eye-catching when it is placed in a sports pure electric vehicle, and the overall performance is equivalent to that of many household pure electric vehicles. On the pure battery life, the rear-drive version has 505km and 605km, while the four-wheel drive version is 550km, and the pure battery life performance belongs to the mainstream level. In terms of charging speed, the charging power that supports high-voltage fast charging is 200kW, while that that does not support high-voltage fast charging is 100kW, and the whole system is discharged externally at 3.3kW. On the chassis, there is a front McPherson suspension and a rear five-bar suspension. On the whole, the book data of Seal 06GT power system is still good, focusing on the direction of movement.

Seal 06GT is a pure electric vehicle, which is biased towards sports attributes. It is still different in style from MONA M03 in Tucki. Now it depends on whether the 136,800 seal 06GT consumers will buy it.

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The exterior design of BMW i4 combines futuristic and sporty sense. The front face adopts the iconic kidney-shaped air intake grille, but different from the traditional model, it adopts a closed design, which shows its status as a pure electric vehicle. On both sides are sharp LED headlights, which cooperate with the diversion port below to create a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth, extending from the front face to the rear of the car, outlining a dynamic posture ready to go. The overall style is simple and luxurious, which reflects the innovation and inheritance of BMW in the era of electrification.

BMW i4 shows a dynamic appearance with its streamlined body design and exquisite lines. The body size is 4785*1852*1455mm and the wheelbase is 2856mm, which provides spacious and comfortable seating space for the car. The front tread is 1601mm and the rear tread is 1630mm, which ensures the stability and handling performance of the vehicle. The front tyre size is 245/45 R18, and the rear tyre size is 255/45 R18. With the unique rim style, the vehicle’s sense of movement and visual impact are further enhanced.

The interior design of BMW i4 is simple and full of scientific sense. The center console is equipped with a 14.9-inch touch screen, which not only supports multimedia system, navigation and telephone voice recognition control, but also has wireless charging function. The steering wheel is made of leather, which supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth, so that the driver can adjust according to his own needs. In terms of seats, BMW i4 offers a variety of choices, including imitation leather, genuine leather and leather /Alcantara mixed materials, to provide passengers with a comfortable ride experience. The front seats have heating function, and the main driving seat also has memory function, which improves the driving comfort. In addition, the rear seats support proportional tilting, which increases the flexibility of the interior space.

BMW i4 is equipped with an excellent electric engine with a maximum power of 210kW and a maximum torque of 400 N m.. This engine provides strong power output and smooth acceleration experience, which brings excellent driving pleasure to drivers.

The owner of car home said: "The configuration parameters of Series I’s 3, 5 and X3 are almost the same, except that the shell has been changed. I want to buy the I4 for more than 100,000 yuan. Of course, it is still imported, so there is no need to do such a thing as buying it home and deducting the label. At first glance, the big nostrils are not mediocre. When I drive out, people are guessing at 600,000. I am sorry. "

"When I booked the car, I promised to deliver it in more than two months. As a result, it has been half a year now, and I still don’t know where the car is." "The time to pick up the car has been delayed, and it is still waiting indefinitely. The dealer has advised me to’ change the order’ as soon as possible."

Since this year

The message board of "Jiefang Daily Shangguan News" received a lot.

Help from citizens who have booked BYD’s new energy vehicles.

Most of them have paid the deposit to book hybrid models in the second half of last year, and as a result, they are caught in the dilemma that the vehicles cannot be delivered according to the promised time and the pick-up time is repeatedly delayed. The delay in picking up the car not only consumed their patience,From January 1st next year, the city will no longer issue special licenses for plug-in hybrid vehicles (including extended range vehicles), and if they can’t pick up the cars as soon as possible, they may lose their last chance to get a "green license".

Stimulated by a number of policies

This year, the consumption of new energy vehicles in Shanghai is unusually hot.

Practitioners are generally very optimistic about the market expectations in the second half of the year.

under the circumstances

The phenomenon that it is difficult to pick up a car should be paid more attention to by the industry.

especiallyCan consumers mention cars before the policy adjustment?

There should be a saying.

Booked a car last November.

There is just an order number now.

On November 21 last year, Mr. Pang was at a BYD dealer on the first floor of the global port.I paid a deposit of 10,000 yuan to reserve a car.BYD "Tang DM-I" 112km distinguished hybrid new energy vehicle.

"According to the promise of the sales staff, the car can be picked up between February and March this year," Mr. Pang said. On March 2nd, the sales sent a form, which showed that among all the consumers who booked the "Tang DM-i" model at the dealer, Mr. Pang still ranked eighth, and had to wait for the car to be picked up.This is the end of June, which has been more than seven months since the car was originally booked.In the WeChat chat record sent by Mr. Pang, faced with the question of when he picked up the car, the dealer’s reply was still "no news".

△ A BYD dealer on the first floor of Global Harbor.

On July 13th, the "good news" came. The dealer took the initiative to contact Mr. Pang and told him that he had ranked first in the order of picking up the car in the store. Second, in the dealer’s car booking system, the "order number" of his car booking was finally brushed out, that is, picking up the car was in sight. Mr. Pang quickly submitted a series of materials, such as the installation certificate of charging pile and the receipt of electricity meter installation, and prepared for applying for the quota and picking up the car. But the progress is limited to this, although Mr. Pang will urge him every day or two.The dealer’s reply is always "the frame number has not appeared yet, and the vehicle has not been matched"….. that is, the car belonging to Mr. Pang has not yet appeared.

△ After booking for more than 8 months, the car belonging to Mr. Pang has not yet appeared.

This is the "normal state" of buying BYD hybrid new energy vehicles. Another citizen, Ms. Liu, who left a message on the message board of "Liberation Daily Shangguan News", said that she booked a "Tang DM-i" model at BYD Shanghai Tongxin 4S store on September 20 last year, and the sales promised to pick up the car within three months. Since then, the date of picking up the car has been postponed again and again. Until July 22 this year, the frame number of the car reserved by Ms. Liu appeared in the system. With the frame number, you can apply for the new energy vehicle quota. In early August, Ms. Liu finally confirmed the application for the quota through the bid, and she can finally pick up the car after the quota is approved.. Calculate, from booking to pick up the car the whole process takes nearly a year, she regrets way:"It’s too difficult to buy BYD’s car."

Waiting for a long time is unpleasant,But what makes consumers more criticized is that "no one can tell how long it will take.". Because he has been worried that he can’t get the card smoothly before the end of the year, Mr. Pang called BYD’s "400" service number several times to consult the complaint while waiting for the bus, but he didn’t get a positive response. Ms. Liu also asked BYD officials, and the answer was "production and transportation are normal" and other ambiguous statements. Mr. Lu, a citizen, booked a "Song Pro DM-I" 110km flagship hybrid model at BYD Shanghai Zhuojing 4S store on January 22nd this year. After he was too late to pick up the car, he called "400" six times to communicate the progress, but according to him, he was "perfunctory" all the time, and he could not get an explanation of the reason for the failure to deliver the car and a reply of the exact delivery time.

Commitment for 3 months, often for half a year, many consumers say they feel cheated. On the "black cat complaint" platform, "BYD seriously overdue the car" has triggered thousands of complaints.

Some dealers are still promising

"Pick up the car in 4 months"

Since last year, the slow delivery of new energy vehicles has been repeatedly reported, and relevant car companies also said that the production capacity is constantly climbing. Why is it getting harder and harder to pick up the car?Manager Wan of BYD dealer in Global Port explained that the order volume was too large and the manufacturer’s production capacity was insufficient. An industry insider told reporters that since last year, the rapid growth of demand for new energy vehicles has exceeded general expectations, and the production supply chain of various manufacturers is not well prepared, and the supply of batteries and spare parts is not timely, which is a common phenomenon in the industry. In addition, the lack of core in the current market has not been completely alleviated, and the supply of chips has also affected the production rhythm.

BYD’s opaque queuing system makes the delivery time inaccurate, and it’s all luck to mention it early and late.Manager Wan said that BYD still adopts the sales model of giving dealers a quota, compared with many new car manufacturers that directly provide consumers with an open and transparent list system. For dealers, how many cars will be allocated this month, what model and color are unknown, and it is even more impossible to know BYD’s production schedule, and it is impossible to respond to consumers’ demands for cars and predict the time. The salesperson of a BYD supermarket in Guangqi City, Xuhui District said that the quota given by BYD to dealers was determined according to its size, service rating and other factors. He suggested that reporters place orders with big dealers. At the same time, we should also consider the queuing situation in the distribution store, and it is better to choose a store that is newly opened and has less accumulated orders."You can order one at different dealers and see which one comes first."

But even so,The reporter visited a number of BYD dealers in Shencheng in the past few days, and most dealers are still giving a "verbal promise" to pick up the car for three or four months.. In the face of the reporter’s concern that the reservation of hybrid models may not be able to pick up the car at the end of the year, a salesman of BYD dealer in Global Port vowed: "You can pick up the car in three or four months, and there are still five months by the end of the year, and you will definitely be able to get a’ green card’ this year." The sales of BYD Shangchao Store in Guangqi City insisted that "if you can sell it, you can mention it". He persuaded reporters that according to the cycle of picking up cars for three or four months,August is the last chance to buy a hybrid car.. A BYD dealer on the Shanghai-South Highway also said that it takes about 4 months to pick up the hybrid car …

△ Among BYD’s many models, the delivery cycle of plug-in hybrid models is generally long.

Asked a circle, onlyA salesperson of BYD Jinqiao Huayu Store clearly told the reporter "Don’t order"She admits that there is a backlog of orders for hybrid hot-selling models, and this year will definitely not be able to deliver the car, which will not keep up with the deadline for policy adjustment.According to the reporter’s understanding, many BYD dealers are still processing orders at the end of last year and the beginning of this year, and the possibility of "four-month delivery" commitment is not high. On an idle goods trading platform, a large number of BYD’s early orders are transferred at a price increase of several thousand yuan, and the transfer of orders has become a business.

How long will it take?

Can you mention the car clearly?

Mr. Pang told reporters,During the half year of his waiting to pick up the car, the prices of new energy vehicles have increased. At this time, if you unsubscribe and change to other brands, you have to pay a lot of extra money."although I am very dissatisfied, I can only continue to consume." Mr. Lu, a citizen, also told the reporter that because the reserved 110km flagship version of "Song Pro DM-I" is uncertain when it can come, the 4S shop has advised him to "change other configurations or other models". He questioned that at this time, other models will be re-queued. If the car license cannot be successfully raised at the end of the year and the last chance of the policy is missed, who will bear the loss?

△ The chat record provided by Mr. Lu shows that because the reserved "Song Pro DM-I" 110 km flagship version is uncertain when it will come, the 4S shop has advised him to "change other configurations or other models".

Does the dealer’s failure to deliver the car due constitute a breach of contract? The reporter checked the car booking contracts of several BYD dealers and found that the "verbal commitment" of the sales staff did not count. In the terms of "delivery and acceptance of vehicles" in the contract, there is no relevant term of delivery period, that is, there is no clear delivery period.In the case that consumers can’t use cars on schedule, it is difficult for consumers to carry out rights protection by contract, and the protection given by BYD is only "there is no reason to refund the deposit".

△ None of the terms of "delivery and acceptance of vehicles" in the contract has the relevant terms of delivery period, that is, there is no clear delivery period.

According to the National Passenger Car Market Information Association (hereinafter referred to as the "Passenger Association"), the average monthly sales volume of new energy vehicles in the country will be more than 600,000 in the next five years. The reporter also visited dealers of other new energy vehicle brands, such as Shencheng Roewe, and found that the sales of new energy vehicles are hot, and it is generally unavoidable to pick up the car for a long time.Consumers believe that automobile manufacturers should adjust their business strategies, safeguard their rights and interests, and cannot kill their trust in manufacturers.The Civil Code stipulates that the party providing the standard clauses unreasonably exempts or lightens its responsibilities, aggravates the other party’s responsibilities and restricts the other party’s main rights, and the standard clauses are invalid. Consumers have the right to require automobile manufacturers and dealers to specify the delivery period in the contract. Failure to deliver the car within the time limit is a breach of contract, and consumers can claim to double the deposit. "Especially under the background that Shanghai’s policy is about to change, automobile manufacturers and dealers should provide accurate car delivery cycle, and make it clear whether the car can be delivered on schedule now, so as to help consumers make reasonable decisions," said Mr. Pang.

On the other hand, Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of the National Passenger Car Market Information Association,It is difficult to pick up a car, which requires automobile manufacturers to increase their production capacity to improve.From the data point of view, the delivery volume of BYD hybrid vehicles accelerated significantly in July, and it is estimated that it will increase in the next few months, which will help shorten the delivery cycle. However, Cui Dongshu said that considering the particularity of Shanghai’s policy adjustment, new energy automobile manufacturers should give corresponding measures, such as regional deployment measures, to meet the supply of the Shanghai market to the greatest extent. He believes that BYD’s backlog of mixed vehicles is mostly concentrated before June this year. For consumers who book cars before June, BYD should give a promise to deliver the cars before the end of the year to reassure consumers.

Jiefang Daily Shangguan News original manuscript is strictly prohibited to be reproduced without permission.

Author: Mao Jinwei Chang Yuzhong

Wechat Editor: Jia Simin

Proofread: Tiny