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[Editor’s note]

Thirteen years ago today, when most people heard the news of Leslie Cheung’s death from friends and colleagues, they thought it was just a joke on April Fool’s Day, until it was confirmed on TV news.

April 1st is supposed to be an ordinary April Fool’s Day, but it is special because of Leslie Cheung.

The Paper was authorized to extract the chapter recording his last day from Leslie Cheung’s latest biography Nian Rong in memory of this respected singer and star.

April 1st.

This day is supposed to be an ordinary day, and at most it is an ordinary April Fool’s Day.

Hong Kong, like most Asian regions, April Fool’s Day has never been a holiday.

It was not until April Fool’s Day in 2003 that many people first felt that April Fool’s Day was both playful and cruel.

From the end of 20th century to the beginning of 21st century, Leslie Cheung has done a lot in just a few years. But not many people know what kind of life he is living when he doesn’t appear in albums, movies, TV, newspapers and magazines. Everyone only knows that his public appearances are getting less and less.

He said that he had acid reflux, which affected his throat and vocal cords.

Brigitte Lin said that she watched a movie with him, only to find that his arm around her hand kept shaking.

Anita Mui said that she heard that he was very unhappy, and tried every means to contact him, making phone calls and writing cards, but never found him.

Chen Shufen said that he suffered physically and mentally. His hands were shaking, he couldn’t sleep, and he was sweating. When his illness broke out, all his muscles ached as if he were going to tear his flesh apart.

Tang Hede said that he has been very cooperative and has been seeing doctors regularly.

then what

In November 2002, he committed suicide, but it didn’t work.

He, who people can’t see, has been tortured by the disease.

At about 10 o’clock in the morning, Alfred Mok, an interior designer, received a phone call, which was from Leslie Cheung.

"Let’s have lunch together!" Leslie Cheung said.

Alfred Mok is the designer of Leslie Cheung’s apartment, and they have a close personal friendship.

However, two days ago, the horse named by Alfred Mok’s adopted son won the championship in the race, and the horse’s name was named by Leslie Cheung, so Alfred Mok made a phone call to give Leslie Cheung good news, but he didn’t answer the phone at that time.

"I called you and didn’t listen. How did you know I was free today!" Alfred Mok deliberately said such a thing to tease Leslie Cheung, but from the other party’s response, he felt that Leslie Cheung really wanted to meet himself, and then he put away his joke: "Silly boy, I will definitely have lunch with you."

Two people made an appointment to meet at Fusion Restaurant in Causeway Bay at one o’clock, which was chosen because it was close to Alfred Mok’s office.

At 1pm, Alfred Mok arrived at Fusion Restaurant as scheduled. There, he saw Leslie Cheung wearing a dark gray T-shirt and a light gray suit jacket, wearing a mask and sitting quietly.

No sooner had Alfred Mok sat down than Leslie Cheung said to him, "Someone is coughing next door. Why don’t you wear a mask?"

Mask, suddenly became a human amulet.

In the spring of 2003, atypical pneumonia ("SARS", commonly known as "SARS" in Hong Kong) ravaged the whole world, and almost no place was spared. Although it was affected to different degrees, the panic it caused was definitely a rare global expansion in modern times. Even though modern medical care is far better than that in ancient times, in the early days of SARS, human beings actually seemed helpless. Infectious diseases that can’t be cured by the medical profession have suddenly made the whole society a frightened bird.

They chatted and ordered another meal. Leslie Cheung ordered spaghetti, and his appetite seemed to be good.

In the restaurant, when someone recognized him, he smiled at people and everything was as usual.

However, in Alfred Mok’s eyes, he looked so uneasy that his hands kept shaking.

It takes three hours for two people to talk in the restaurant.

Leslie Cheung told Alfred Mok that after he called him, he drove the Porsche aimlessly. He said that he felt very hard that morning and just wanted to drive fast. It was best to crash like this until he remembered that he had an appointment.

"Stupid, don’t say that." Alfred Mok reacted immediately, and then opened the topic.

Leslie Cheung asked Alfred Mok’s ID number again and copied it down. Six months ago, he had asked the same question and confirmed it again that day. Alfred Mok learned afterwards that Leslie Cheung was going to leave a small gift for himself in his will.

In a small talk in the past, Leslie Cheung once asked Alfred Mok, "If you are seriously ill and have no medical doctor, how will you solve it?"

Hearing this topic, Alfred Mok felt awkward at that time, and then responded: "I will take sleeping pills. If people find it, they will be saved."

"You are wrong," Leslie Cheung said bluntly. "To die, the most direct thing is to jump off a building."

Alfred Mok immediately shook his head and said, "You and I are so’ greedy for beauty’ (love beauty), how can we do such a thing? It’s like an egg fell to the ground, and if we accidentally hit someone else … We are greedy and beautiful, but it’s better to sleep in the bed, at least someone will save us, and we will jump down and become a’ slap’ (meaning a piece of flesh and blood). What should we do? "

After this conversation, Alfred Mok always felt scared and uneasy, so he often kept in touch with Leslie Cheung. When eating this lunch, Alfred Mok felt that Leslie Cheung was depressed, so he offered to accompany him to the United States to see a doctor, and said that no one would know about going to the United States anyway.

"Some people also told me to go to Sichuan to absorb aura. Now it is the peak period of SARS, and I can’t go anywhere." Leslie Cheung replied.

After lunch, Leslie Cheung insisted on sending Alfred Mok back to the company. Alfred Mok thought it was good to go for a ride, so he got in his car. Even if he pushed open the door or opened the car door, Leslie Cheung was very careful and didn’t touch it with his hands. Obviously, he was afraid of SARS, and he also seemed to cherish his health and life.

"You hurry back and change clothes. You have an appointment to play ball." Alfred Mok knew that he was used to asking someone to play badminton every Tuesday, so he reminded Leslie Cheung before getting off the bus.

Leslie Cheung actually said to him, "You don’t have to call me again."

"I just saw you. There is no need to call you. Let’s talk about it tomorrow." Alfred Mok now then answer like this.

Go to the office building in front of the elevator, Alfred Mok suddenly felt a heart-pounding.

"You don’t have to call me again." That sentence, he heard Leslie Cheung said before.

Later, Leslie Cheung told him: "The window of that hotel could not be opened."

Alfred Mok, who was in a panic, immediately called Zhang Lvping, the elder sister of Leslie Cheung, hoping that she could get in touch with him.

At about 6 o’clock, Look Ping Cheung called back to Alfred Mok: "Don’t worry, I found him. He is in Central, shopping in the window, or buying some clothes in summer." Look Ping Cheung wanted to ask his brother out for coffee, but he said no, because he had already made an appointment to meet Chen Shufen.

Alfred Mok was a little relieved at that time, and didn’t worry about Leslie Cheung’s words any more.

Shortly after leaving Alfred Mok, Leslie Cheung’s phone number was dialed.

"Hello, Mr. Tang?" Chen Shufen dialed Leslie Cheung’s phone number, but Tang Hede answered the phone on the other end. "Where’s Leslie?"

"He said to go out for a walk. I asked him to play badminton at 7 o’clock in the evening. " The other party replied.

"Well … do you know where he went?" Chen Shufen asked again.

"He said he was having tea with friends in Central."

"Well, I’ll give him a call and I’ll contact you later." Then, Chen Shufen hung up.

Chen Shufen’s office is in Wan Chai, only two subway stations away from Central, which is quite close. She thought about it and decided to call Leslie Cheung first.

The phone was connected quickly, but it was not Leslie Cheung himself who answered it, but a cold message box. Chen Shufen thought at that time, maybe he was talking about something important with someone.

"Leslie, call me later." Chen Shufen left this message after the recording signal sounded.

April 1st, compared with other days, is no different, the same Tuesday, the same 24 hours, the same day and night … However, this day suddenly has a subtle difference. Outside the window, it is drizzling, quietly covering the city with a layer of gray gauze, which is thin and light, making people feel less energetic and more sad just looking at it.

However, when this day is over, a new day will come. Is this a good thing or a bad thing?

Suddenly, Chen Shufen’s phone rang. She answered the phone, but to her surprise, Leslie Cheung called her so soon.

Leslie, where are you? Chen Shufen asked him first.

"I’m in Central." Leslie Cheung calmly replied, this is an answer that Chen Shufen expected.

"What are you doing in Central?"

"Drinking tea."

"Well, who are you having tea with?" Chen Shufen asked again.

"No, just myself." Leslie Cheung’s response this time was not expected by Chen Shufen.

She smiled and complained, "Why don’t you call me when you drink tea alone?"? I am in Wan Chai, let me come to you. "

"No, I have to go." Leslie Cheung quietly declined.

Without thinking much, Chen Shufen asked again, "Where are you going?"

"Go Shopping."

"Can I go Shopping with you?" Chen Shufen offered.

This time, Leslie Cheung didn’t give up, and directly agreed to Chen Shufen’s suggestion. "Well, yes."

Chen Shufen looked at the time. He has an appointment with Tang Hede to play ball at 7 o’clock, and now he doesn’t have much time to go shopping. In a hurry, she will put the phone down to find him.

At that time, a word came from the other side of the microphone, which made Chen Shufen stop putting the phone down.

"I want to take this opportunity to have a good look at Hong Kong." Leslie Cheung’s voice said.

This sentence, like a drop of concentrated sulfuric acid, permeates silently and colorless, and then bores a small hole on the pillar as a support point.

"What do you want to see Hong Kong for?" Chen Shufen began to hear that something was wrong with him.

Leslie Cheung didn’t answer Chen Shufen’s question. The short silence didn’t make the pillar collapse, but the corroded hole became deeper and deeper. Even if he didn’t pay attention, it still came into view.

"What do you want to go? If you haven’t left yet, I’ll come to see you. " Chen Shufen said anxiously.

"Good, then come here." Leslie Cheung readily agreed, and others are in Mandarin Oriental Hotel.

The hole still exists, and we can’t turn a blind eye to it, but the pillar still stands. Maybe, this is just a harmless gap. As long as you repair it carefully, there will be no danger in the future.

However, it is easy for people to have the illusion that the more familiar things are, the less they will change. Who will know that a harmless little difference may be behind a thousand cracks that cannot be repaired? No one knows exactly when the first crack began to appear, let alone why it will form.

When people see the hole, perhaps, it is too late.

"Mandarin Hotel, Central, please." Chen Shufen got into a taxi.

The driver didn’t recognize her as the agent of the emperor’s superstar, and she wouldn’t be aware of her anxiety at the moment.

The red taxi is moving forward slowly. There are still raindrops floating outside. They gently hit the car body, splashing into a little bit of powder, then merging on the ground and slowly flowing into the underground waterway.

The lost rain disappeared silently towards the place where no one paid attention.

Somewhere, on a calm lake, there was a ripple for it.

There are no raging waves, and there are no raging storms.

Chen Shufen arrived at the front hall of the hotel. She looked around and didn’t see Leslie Cheung. So, she went to the coffee shop where they often get together to chat.

"Miss, how many people?" An enter a door, the waiter came forward to ask Chen Shufen.

"I’m looking for Leslie. Is he there?"

"Mr. Zhang?" The waiter was a little confused. "I don’t think I saw him here."

"He’s not here? No, we have an appointment. He must be here. I’ll go in and find him. "

Tap, tap, tap. Short footsteps echoed in the coffee shop, but it was a pity that it couldn’t find the object it was looking for, just like stepping into a familiar but unfamiliar maze. It turned around in the shop, stopped here, and looked there again. Every road had passed, but it was nowhere to be found.

Where the hell is he? Chen Shufen looked around anxiously, but no matter what, Leslie Cheung was still not in the coffee shop.

Did he just leave? Or is he not here at all?

Chen Shufen grabbed the phone and hurriedly pressed Leslie Cheung’s number. The phone was connected, and when Leslie Cheung’s voice rang from her mobile phone, she was relieved.

"Leslie, I have arrived. Where are you? "

"I just went out. You have a cup of tea over there and wait for a while. I’ll be back soon."

Leslie Cheung simply explained these words and then hung up. His voice sounds so calm, almost the same as usual, even calmer-as if it were a breeze blowing across the lake, gentle and chilly.

But on the lake with low breeze, it is unusually calm.

It’s like being still, not moving.

Chen Shufen waited and waited in the coffee shop, but Leslie Cheung never came back, and his heart became more anxious. The voices in the coffee shop seem to have disappeared, but they still seem to exist, but they can’t reach Chen Shufen’s ears. What are those voices saying? Are you telling a harmless April Fool’s joke? Or are you talking about SARS, which has become more and more serious in recent days?

No matter in the street or in the shop, people around are wearing masks. Everyone can’t see each other clearly. Whether the other person is laughing, crying or angry, no one can see clearly at all. Masks have become masks one after another, replacing people’s real faces and becoming the symbol of this city. Every day, every minute, every second, people are afraid to show their faces, not only afraid of viruses floating around, but also afraid of contact with others.

March 2003 may be the turning point of Hong Kong’s change. The gap between people has become thicker because of a thin mask. All health advice is to try to separate yourself from others, even the whole world. Medicine is prosperous, but people’s hearts are difficult to treat.

After waiting for 40 minutes, Chen Shufen’s cell phone finally rang, and she quickly took it.

"You wait for me at the entrance of the hotel in five minutes, at the main entrance, and then I will come." Thankfully, she finally heard Leslie Cheung’s voice.

Chen Shufen looked at the time. It was almost 6: 30, and there was only half an hour left until 7: 00, so she didn’t think much, and immediately checked out and left the coffee shop.

The weather in April is not cold, but it is raining slightly, which is different from the freezing biting chill. This coldness will only slowly sip the warmth of the human body.

Leslie Cheung did not appear.

One second, two seconds, three seconds, time goes forward with tired steps, so slow that almost no one notices it, but it does move, and even if it is slow, people’s hurried steps never catch up with it.

Five minutes have passed.

Leslie Cheung still didn’t show up.

Time goes on. One minute, how ridiculous it turned out. Same pace, same slip away. Time, which never stops and never goes backwards, always keeps its duty like this …

At 6: 41 in the evening.

"Bang!"

A loud bang exploded in the ear, and time almost stopped. At least, at this moment, almost all the people present have the illusion that time has suddenly stopped.

Chen Shufen looked in the direction of the sound in consternation, only to see a black shadow lying on the ground, and other guardrails at the entrance of the hotel were smashed.

Take a closer look, it’s a person.

Next to that man, there is a bus.

"Not good!" Chen Shufen hurriedly ran into the hotel and called out the waiter: "There was a traffic accident, and someone was injured! Right outside! Call an ambulance quickly! "

Chen Shufen hurriedly ran out again. Leslie Cheung will come to the door of the hotel at any moment, and Chen Shufen knows clearly that even if he was calm just now, he is suffering from depression now, and it is inevitable that he will be stimulated if he sees that scene, so she decides to run quickly to the other side and stop Leslie Cheung’s car.

However, after a few steps, Chen Shufen dismissed the idea. Maybe Leslie Cheung hasn’t arrived yet? Maybe he’s stuck in traffic? Chen Shufen sincerely hopes that Leslie Cheung hasn’t arrived yet, so that she can stop his car at the street first, so that he won’t pass the hotel gate.

So Chen Shufen picked up the phone and called Leslie Cheung.

But this time, the phone was not connected.

Nian Rong, written by Han Qiao/,Modern Publishing House, December 2015.

The news that "the international gold price and silver price hit a new record high" has aroused widespread concern. On May 22nd, the reporter visited the market and learned that the current price range of gold jewelry in Kunming is 578 yuan-739 yuan/gram, and the price of silver jewelry is in 8 yuan-20 yuan/gram. Compared with last week, the price of gold per gram rose by 10 to 20 yuan, while the price of silver ornaments did not fluctuate significantly. At the same time, the repurchase market is also showing a prosperous scene. Many customers choose to sell gold in unison, and the recovery price per gram of gold is between 510 yuan and 580 yuan.

The price of gold fluctuates constantly. The price per gram of gold jewelry in Kunming has increased by 10-20 yuan compared with last week.

Since the beginning of this year, the rise in the price of gold has attracted the attention of the whole market. It is understood that since the end of 2022, the price of gold has increased by more than 40%. On the 20th, the international gold price once again reached an all-time high. London gold price and COMEX gold once broke through $2,440 per ounce, and the domestic gold price opened sharply higher.

On the morning of May 22nd, all the gold jewelry shops near Nanping Street in Kunming were still covered with the promotion signs launched at "520", and many shops were still continuing the preferential activities at "520". For example, "Gold can be reduced from 30 yuan, 80 yuan can be reduced, and 1000 yuan can be sent to 500 yuan". "Our activity of 520 is not over yet, and the gram reduction is 578 yuan/gram. Two days ago, it rose by about 10 yuan, but today it fell by three or four. Now the price of gold is unstable, one price a day, rising and falling. " Leofoo gold jewelry store sales staff said.

The salesperson of Mengjinyuan Jewelry Store said that the gold price of any brand is affected by the international gold price. In the middle and late April, influenced by the international gold price and the intensity of preferential activities, the price per gram of gold dropped by 30 yuan-40 yuan compared with that in April, but it was raised by more than 10 yuan/gram at the beginning of May, and has been on the rise ever since. "Because each brand’s gold technology and preferential strength are different, some of them will be adjusted high, and if they fall, they will be adjusted low. Our family has raised the 20 yuan per gram these two days."

According to the interview, the current price of gold jewelry in Kunming is 578 -739 yuan/gram, and most brands have raised their 10 yuan -20 yuan prices from 20 days ago. However, on the 22nd, a few department stores lowered the price of gold by 3-5 yuan per gram. For example, Chow Tai Fook’s gold price was 743 yuan/gram on the 21st and 739 yuan/gram on the 22nd, down by 4 yuan/gram. Sales staff of gold jewelry stores said that due to the influence of international gold prices, the price of gold in gold jewelry stores has been rising every day recently, but the fluctuation is not great, and the increase is within 20 yuan. On the whole, the price remains high.

"The higher the price of gold, the more gold is preserved, and the gold jewelry store sells better." Mr. Huang, a salesperson of the gold jewelry store, said that although the continuous rise in the price of gold will disturb the consumption to some extent, it will positively boost the profit rate of gold jewelry companies. On the whole, the rise of gold price has more advantages than disadvantages for the performance growth of gold jewelry enterprises.

Bai Wenxi, vice chairman of China Enterprise Capital Alliance, also told the Securities Daily reporter: "For those gold jewelry companies that have more gold reserves in the early stage, the profit rate is expected to increase more with the rise of gold prices." The rise in the prices of precious metals such as gold and silver comes from multiple factors. In terms of gold, the fundamentals of supply and demand are the fundamental reasons for pushing up the price of gold. According to the data of China Gold Association, in the first quarter of this year, the national gold consumption was 308.905 tons, an increase of 5.94% compared with the same period in 2023.

Customers tend to invest in buying gold.

In addition, many staff of gold jewelry stores have said that since the upward trend of gold prices this year, they have attracted some new consumer groups, and customers have a certain investment bias in purchasing behavior, paying more attention to gold bars and heavy products. But for daily wear products with new technology and innovative design styles, it is still the first choice for young customers.

Mr. Yang, the person in charge of Kunming Liqiang Jewelry, said: "The rise in gold prices has stimulated consumption to a certain extent, but it has also brought competition. In product planning, we have made certain adjustments according to market demand and launched a series of new products to locate the needs of married customers and young consumers. For example, the series of "Strengthening the Strength and Awakening the Lion", which continues to sell well, and the series of "nine purple Leaving the Fire" butterfly bracelets launched this year are smart and interesting in design style and full of auspicious meanings. At the same time, we have continuously improved the customer service level of the store since this year, and launched various innovative additional services in terms of customer shopping experience, hand-knitting and wearing suggestions, especially DIY hand-woven gold products, which are very popular among consumers. "

The repurchase price of gold varies greatly.

As the price of gold continues to be at a high level, the gold recycling market is in a hot situation. The owner of a gold and silver recycling store in Nanping Street Pedestrian Street told the reporter: "The recycling price is different every day. Today, the recycling price of our store is 560 yuan/gram." The boss said that since the beginning of this year, as the price of gold has continued to rise, the number of customers who have come to sell gold has increased day by day, especially during the period when the price of gold has risen sharply. By the end of the week, more than 20 customers have come to sell gold, and the recovery of gold has increased significantly compared with previous years.

In the gold recycling market, the difference of gold recycling prices in different stores is close to 70 yuan/gram, and the recycling price of private gold repurchase stores is higher than that of gold jewelry brand stores. Therefore, most consumers choose to sell gold in private gold recycling shops. The salesperson of Baijue Jewelry said: "Our recycling price is 510 yuan/gram, but there are not many people who usually sell gold. Most customers choose to trade in the old."

In addition, during the visit, the reporter found that many gold brand stores all said that gold can only be exchanged in the store, that is, after discounting the gold products in the hands of consumers at the existing gold price, they can buy the goods in the store at the existing selling price. There are also some brand stores that only recycle their own brand of gold jewelry. For example, Chow Tai Fook only recycles the brand’s gold and can only sell it at Zhengyifang Store, and there are depreciation charges. At present, the gold recycling price of gold brand stores is in 510 yuan-568 yuan/gram, while that of private gold recycling stores is in 560 yuan-580 yuan/gram.

Kunming silver jewelry price is stable.

Although the price of gold has gone crazy, it is still slightly inferior to that of silver. On May 17th, COMEX Silver rose 6.36% to $31.775 per ounce, while London Silver now rose 6.60% to $31.49 per ounce, both hitting 11-year highs. In intraday trading on May 20th, COMEX silver and London silver also reached new highs, and COMEX silver futures rose 2.55% to $32.055 per ounce.

But surprisingly, in Kunming silver jewelry market, most silver jewelry stores have not been affected by the rise in international silver prices, and still maintained a stable price level. The sales staff of Laofengxiang Jewelry Zhengyifang Store said that because the price of silver is relatively cheap, the price fluctuation is not easily affected by the global silver price. "At present, our silver jewelry is buy one get one free, and the price per gram is 18 yuan. This price has been maintained for several years."

The owner of another silver shop named Qinglian Sterling Silver revealed that although the price of silver has been rising, the sales volume will be greatly affected because the price of silver has been low and the profit margin is limited, and most customers are loyal old customers. If the price is suddenly raised, even if it is one or two yuan. "According to the different labor costs, the price is 11 yuan-12 yuan/gram. If the current inventory is sold out and the international silver price continues to rise, it will consider making adjustments. "

In the Kunming silver jewelry market, the price of silver jewelry per gram is generally between 9 yuan and 20 yuan, depending on the technology and brand. A few jewelry stores have raised the 1 yuan per gram according to the global silver price, but most stores have not made any adjustment yet.

It is understood that in the past 25 years, the price of silver has risen by more than 575%. Analysts believe that the demand for silver in industrial production will further increase, and this precious metal will become more and more attractive to investment. On the one hand, silver is becoming more and more important in industrial production. It is used in many modern products, including almost all electronic products, such as smart phones, computers, solar panels, electric car batteries and many other products. Therefore, the price of silver will rise further in the next few years.

Original title: "The international gold price has reached a new high! The price of gold jewelry in Kunming rose to → "

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　　When it comes to China’s grottoes art, people first think of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Luoyang Longmen Grottoes and Datong Yungang Grottoes, while Maijishan Grottoes, which are also called the four major grottoes with them, are quite unknown to boudoir people, but this does not affect their unique historical and artistic value.

　　I. Geographical location and construction background of Maijishan Grottoes

　　Tianshui, known as "Qin Zhou" in ancient times, is located in the upper reaches of Weihe River at the end of Qinling Mountains in the southeast of Gansu Province, and is known as "Longshang Jiangnan". Because it is adjacent to Chang ‘an in Guanzhong in the east and borders Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan and Nanjing, it has been a battleground for military strategists and an important transportation and economic and trade center on the Silk Road since ancient times. The well-known Maijishan Grottoes fall on a lonely cliff on the branch of Xiaolongshan at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain, 30 kilometers southeast of this ancient city.

　　▲ The geographical location of Maijishan Grottoes. (Source: Baidu Map)

　　Maijishan, also known as "Maijiya", got its name from Biography of High Monks and Biography of Xuangao, which records that Xuangao, a high monk of Shiyang Temple in Guanzhong, lived in seclusion in Maijishan because of the turbulent situation. Li Huanchuan, a book of Wei Dynasty, recorded that in the third year of the Northern Wei Dynasty (506), Qin Zhou wrote Lu Gou ‘er’s rebellion, and Lee Huan, the secretariat of Liangzhou, "ordered Shi Changle and others to go to aid from Maiji Cliff".

　　As for why we should call this strange peak standing alone at the end of the mountain ridge like this, Wang Renyu, a writer and great poet of the Five Dynasties, has a wonderful description in "Yutang Gossip Maijishan": "Maijishan, who crosses the Qing River in the north, gradually moves south; Five hundred miles of hills and mountains, half of Maijishan; Rise a stone, millions of seeks; Looking at the group, like a farmer’s wheat, it is named. "

　　▲ Autumn panorama of Maijishan Grottoes. (Photo courtesy of Maijishan Grottoes Art Institute)

　　As for the excavation and construction of Maijishan Grottoes, according to historical records, it began in the period of the Sixteen Countries and the Late Qin Dynasty. Since then, the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty have continued to build, which lasted for more than 1,600 years. There are 221 existing caves and caves, 3,938 statues, 10,632 murals, nearly 1,000 square meters, and a large number of steles, scrolls, documents and other cultural relics.

　　Known for its beautiful natural and cultural landscapes, lifelike clay sculptures, magnificent murals of the Northern Dynasties and breathtaking cliff pavilion plank road architecture, it is well-known at home and abroad.It is also the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units announced by the State Council on March 4, 1961, and a national five-A-level tourist scenic spot. On June 22, 2014, it was officially recognized as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO as an important part of the "Silk Road: the road network of the initial section and the Tianshan Corridor".

　　▲ A glimpse of Maijishan Grottoes. (Source: Maijishan Grottoes official website)

　　The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was an important period of great political turmoil, great cultural changes and great ethnic migration in the history of China, and it was also a critical stage of the intersection, collision and integration of foreign Buddhist art and China traditional culture. The Maijishan Grottoes, located at the southern route of the Silk Road at that time, were the true portrayal and precious historical remains of this change in Guanzhong and Longyou areas at that time.

　　AD 3-mdash; In the 4th century, Indian Buddhism, which was active in Central Asia, the Western Regions and Xinjiang, entered the Central Plains along the ancient Silk Road through the Hexi Corridor, and Chang ‘an, Luoyang, Chengdu and Jiankang (Nanjing, Jiangsu) became important centers of Buddhist culture communication at that time. Tianshui (formerly known as Qin Zhou), which is adjacent to Chang ‘an, has also become one of the earliest areas where Buddhism was introduced into the mainland. In the second year of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty (308), Zhu Fahu, a monk, retranslated the "Pu Yao Jing" in Tianshui.

　　Bo Fazu, an eminent monk in Chang ‘an, promoted Buddhism in Guanlong all the year round, and he had a great influence among believers. He was known in history as "the right side of the letter, and it was like a god." Later, Fazu was killed by Zhang Fu, the secretariat of Qin Zhou, which caused the Qiang people in Tianshui and Longxi to be angry. They rose up and attacked Qinzhou City, and Zhang Fu was killed as a result. All Qiang Hu felt that their revenge had been reported, so they dismembered Fazu and took it back to the tower to support him as a souvenir. This incident shows that Buddhism had penetrated into all social strata in Qin Zhou at that time, and Buddhist activities had become an important part of people’s daily spiritual life.

　　▲ Wheat accumulates misty rain. (Source: Maijishan Grottoes official website)

　　Maijishan, as a peculiar Danxia landform in Qin Zhou, has attracted people’s attention since the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, Wei Xiao, who confronted Emperor Liu Xiu of Han Dynasty, built a summer palace in Diaochao Valley behind Maijishan. Yu Xin, a great writer in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, called Maiji Cliff "the famous mountain in Longdou and the spiritual mountain in Hexi", and the Annals of Qinzhou also called its mountain "the crown of nymphs in the Qin Dynasty". It can be seen that the ancients have long regarded Maijishan as a place to cool off and ask questions.

　　During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, meditation and image viewing were one of the most important religious practices of monks in the northern region, and Maiji Mountain, with its quiet environment and beautiful scenery, naturally attracted the attention of monks. When Xuangao arrived here, there were already eminent monks from the Qin Dynasty meditating here, and the number of monks had reached as many as 100, which shows that the Buddhist activities in Maijishan were flourishing at that time. There is no clear evidence as to whether there was a cave sculpture in this period. However, it is a historical fact that Maijishan Grottoes were built in the late Qin Dynasty, according to the actual needs of monks’ meditation and the absolute position of the idea of Buddha III advocated by Yao Xing in the late Qin Dynasty.

　　▲ Qin Zhou in the post-Qin Yao Xing era. (Source: Atlas of Chinese History)

　　With the southward migration of Jinshi, the separatist regimes of large and small established by the northern nomadic tribes of Di, Qiang, Xiongnu and Xianbei launched a long-term scuffle in the northern region centered on Chang ‘an, Luoyang and Yecheng, and the people suffered from war and all kinds of displacement, plus the rulers’ admiration for Buddhism.Cave temples in northern China, including Maijishan Mountain, have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, just like strings of pearls embedded along the ancient Silk Road, which together constitute a brilliant chapter of China grottoes art and become an important carrier and window for people to know and understand the China, nationalization and secularization of foreign Buddhist art, as well as the cultural and artistic exchanges and interactions between ancient China and the West.

　　Second, the grotto statues in the Northern Wei Dynasty

　　There are about 90 caves in the Northern Wei Dynasty in Maiji Mountain, which are divided into early, middle and late stages. In the early stage, there were caves 74, 78, 90, 100, 128 and 165, mainly concentrated in the middle and lower part of the west cliff.

　　▲ Interior of Cave 78, early Northern Wei Dynasty.

　　Its shape mostly imitates the dome-top tent style of ethnic minorities, and the statues are mainly three Buddhas and Maitreya. Later on, besides the Three Buddhas, the statues in the grottoes began to increase in themes such as Jiaojiao, Thought, Sakyamuni, Duobao and seven buddha, which fully reflected and embodied Mahayana Buddhism’s thought of Fahua Statue. The style of the sculpture shows strong characteristics of Gandhara in Central Asia and Hutulu in India, as well as the tall, burly and straight modeling characteristics of the northern nomadic people, which is highly consistent with the famous statue of Tanyao Cave in Yungang, and the excavation time is about 460 AD.

　　In the mid-Northern Wei Dynasty, the grottoes were small in size, and their shapes showed Chinese characteristics, mostly square and flat-topped. There are many Buddhist temples or shallow arches in the grottoes, and there are many rows of small ear niches or altars on the wall. Typical examples are caves 23, 76, 86, 89, 92, 93, 115, 155, 159 and 163.

　　▲ Sitting on the main wall of Cave 115, in the middle of Northern Wei Dynasty.

　　The subject matter of statues in the grottoes is still dominated by three Buddhas, with one Buddha and two Bodhisattvas. At the same time, disciples began to appear. In addition, there are a large number of shadow-sculpted buddhas, bodhisattvas, disciples, heaven and man, flying, supporters and so on with different postures and exquisite sculptures. In terms of sculpture style, whether it is Buddha, Bodhisattva, disciple, flying and provider, the shape of the statue has changed from tall and burly in the early days to stretching and straight, the facial expression has changed from dignified and resolute to delicate and quiet, and the costume has also changed from soft body-fitting, bare-chested to drooping collar and skirt.Interestingly, in many caves, Hu and Han styles often complement each other:Wearing a round neck or a topless cassock, sitting on both sides of the Buddha, the Han costume with a flattering belt and a light posture is flying on the face, reflecting a strong atmosphere of changes in the times. This change mainly stems from the fact that TaBaHong, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, officially moved to Luoyang in the 18th year of Taihe (494). In order to speed up the pace of sinicization, he banned wearing Hu clothes, changed Han clothes, banned Hu dialect, changed Xianbei surname to Han surname, and vigorously advocated intermarriage between ethnic groups, re-establishing the gate system of the Northern Dynasty.

　　It is under the influence of this series of sinicization measures that the old customs of Xianbei nobles can be fundamentally changed, and finally the central plains cultural etiquette system with Confucianism as the core is fully accepted and absorbed. At the same time, it also affected the Qin Zhou area under the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty. However, because it has long been the main inhabited area of the Bian, Qiang, Xiuguan and Tu nationalities, this change has a certain lag.

　　The late Northern Wei Dynasty was the heyday of Maijishan Grottoes excavation, and the representative grottoes were caves 81, 83, 87, 121, 122, 133, 142 and 154. The grottoes are more complex and diverse in shape. There are many ancillary buildings in the grottoes, such as abutment, Buddha’s seat, shallow niche, altar and so on, and the top has also evolved from a flat square to a square set of bucket tops.

　　▲ Bodhisattva and disciple in Cave 121, late Northern Wei Dynasty.

　　▲ Sitting on the main wall of Cave 142, late Northern Wei Dynasty.

　　▲ The smile of the Shami in Cave 9, Cave 133, in the late Northern Wei Dynasty.

　　In addition to small and medium-sized caves in the traditional sense, large caves like Cave 133 began to appear, with a height of 5.80, a width of 12.20 and a depth of 10.83 meters. The cave is complex in structure, densely covered with shrines, rich in sculpture contents and diverse in theme combinations, forming the wonder of "Buddha shadows everywhere and flying all over the walls", which is amazing.

　　Under the influence of Longmen Grottoes and other central plains areas, the sculpture style in this period has all been transformed into the Han-style characters in the praise belt.The Buddha’s face is handsome and smiling, with a straight nose and a small mouth, shoulders and chest, and a wide cassock. The clothes are hung over the Buddha’s seat, and the surface of the clothes is carved with sparse and rigid clothes lines. Bodhisattva wears a high bun, with a delicate face, and many ornaments such as collars, earrings, bracelets, armbands, wreaths, etc. She wears a shirt with wide sleeves, a waist-length skirt, high heels, and crosses the front of her belly or puts it on her knees after piercing. One hand holds the lotus bud, the other hand holds the silk, and the expression is quiet and graceful. Disciples are all dressed in robes, and their facial expressions are immature and pure, or naive, or brooding, or suffering from vicissitudes.

　　There are many kinds of supporters: some wear crowns and hats, wide robes and big sleeves, some have high hair bun and long skirts mopping the floor, some hold utensils and walk with their children, and some stand with their hands chest-high, reverent and respectful. It fully shows the distinctive character characteristics, rich inner world and yearning for the pure land of Buddhism.

　　▲142 Cave Shadow Plastic Supporter, Late Northern Wei Dynasty.

　　About the author:

　　Sun Xiaofeng, doctor of historical philology (including Dunhuang studies), research librarian of Dunhuang Research Institute. Secretary-General of Academic Committee of Maijishan Grottoes Art Institute of Dunhuang Research Institute, and editorial board of Dunhuang Research. He has undertaken, presided over or participated in the investigation of small and medium-sized grottoes in the eastern part of Gansu Province, the compilation of Tianshui General History, the compilation of Gansu Grottoes Records, the declaration of Maijishan Grottoes as a world cultural heritage, and the investigation of the Great Wall resources in Gansu Province. In addition, he published 2 monographs and more than 40 academic papers. He has presided over, undertaken or participated in many national, provincial and ministerial social science projects, and is currently presiding over the national social science key project "Archaeological Report of Caves 120-127 of Maijishan Grottoes".

　　Producer | Yang Xinhua

　　Coordinating | Kang Kunquan, Hu Jun, Liu Jia

　　Editor | Guo Hui Qi Zitong

　　Production | Hu Qi

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In this year’s government work report, Premier Li Keqiang put forward for the first time the "internet plus Action Plan" to promote the integration of mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things with modern manufacturing, promote the healthy development of e-commerce, industrial Internet and Internet finance, and guide Internet enterprises to expand into the international market. The concept of "internet plus" was first put forward in the industry in 2012, which is in line with the concept of "internetization" that appeared in 2007, emphasizing the deep cross-border integration of the Internet and traditional industries. "internet plus" is the achievement and symbol of the deep integration of industry and informatization in China, and it is also an important starting point for further promoting information consumption.

"internet plus" builds an upgraded version of China’s economy by informationization.

The "internet plus" action plan put forward by Premier Li Keqiang in the government work report has aroused heated discussion. This concept, which originated from the Internet industry, has been raised to the height of national action, prompting the whole society to think about the responsibility and future vision of the Internet industry. As the representatives of Internet companies, the three Internet giants responded enthusiastically to the "internet plus" inside and outside the NPC and CPPCC sessions for the first time, and took practical actions to move into the fields of medical care, finance and automobiles. With the support of the state, "internet plus" is becoming synonymous with building an upgraded version of China’s economy through informationization.

Internet plus: What does it bring to the cultural industry?

Internet stimulates cultural consumption demand, which in turn promotes the supply of cultural products.

The Internet opens up the industrial chain in the cultural field and promotes the upgrading of the overall format of the cultural industry.

Intellectual property protection is the soul of the development of cultural and creative industries.

During the two sessions this year, the new concept of "internet plus" was put forward in the government work report. In the information age, the combination of network technology and various industries has produced new changes, which also brings new opportunities for the development of cultural industries. In 2014, the new format of cultural industry based on Internet developed vigorously, which profoundly changed the internal structure of cultural industry and people’s cultural consumption habits. What new changes will "internet plus" bring to the ecology of cultural industry? How should the cultural industry seize the new opportunity of transformation and upgrading? How to "+"internet plus culture?

"internet plus" is expected to ignite the "second revolution" of the express delivery industry after the relay business.

In 2014, China became the largest express delivery market in the world with 14 billion pieces of express delivery. According to the data of the State Post Bureau, about 60% of the express delivery business comes from e-commerce. E-commerce has given birth to the prosperity of the express delivery industry, but it has also led to a thin profit of the express delivery industry. Where will the express delivery industry go in the future? At the "2015 China Express Forum", "internet plus" is being regarded as a new opportunity by the express delivery industry, which is expected to ignite the "second revolution" of the express delivery industry after relaying the business.

At the "2015 China Express Forum", Feng Lihu, deputy director of the Development Research Center of the State Post Bureau, said that in 2014, the express delivery business volume in China reached 14 billion, and the express delivery revenue exceeded 200 billion yuan, both hitting record highs. This also marks that after several years of development, China Express has entered the ranks of the world’s major express delivery countries. According to the data of China Express Association, as of the end of 2014, the express delivery industry in China had a year-on-year growth rate of over 50% for 46 consecutive months; In the first two months of 2015, the growth rate of the industry reached 43.4%.

Behind the rapid development of the express delivery industry, e-commerce has contributed. According to the data of the State Post Bureau, about 60% of the express delivery business comes from e-commerce. In the business of major private express delivery companies, the proportion of e-commerce orders even exceeds 80%.

"internet plus" Remodels China’s Economic Structure

"The Internet in China should enter a new stage. I think it can be summarized in three words, one is the Internet for everyone, the other is the Internet for things, and the other is the Internet for businesses."

On March 22nd, Yang Yuanqing, Chairman and CEO of Lenovo Group, expressed his vision for the future of Internet economy in China at the 2015 IT Leaders Summit in China.

In the eyes of IT leaders attending the meeting, the Internet industry in China is no longer a simple platform or a simple industry, but an economic model that can connect the future, which may lead the transformation of China’s economy under the new normal.

The "internet plus" action plan was first mentioned in the government work report this year. In the industry’s view, the so-called "internet plus" concept includes the implementation of manufacturing, e-commerce, medical care, finance and other industries on the Internet level, which is based on the promotion of traditional industries in the era of big data.

According to the Annual Report on the Development of IT Industry in China released on the day of the summit, in 2014, the market size of cmnet reached 200 billion yuan, the number of users reached 557 million, and the shipment of smart phones exceeded 400 million. Four China enterprises entered the top ten Internet companies with the highest market value in the world.

Internet+medical care: what will it bring us?

From online registration, to various health monitoring and health management apps that rely on the mobile Internet, and then to the cloud hospital that subverts the traditional diagnosis and treatment model … Mobile medical care is booming under the craze of "internet plus", and it is constantly racing around.

"internet plus" is undoubtedly the hottest topic in the National People’s Congress this year. The government work report shows that it will continue to promote reforms in the fields of medicine and health care, and grassroots medical reform, medical insurance payment reform, public hospital reform, and social medical care are still the focus of reform, which provides a broad development space for "Internet+medical care".

What will happen when medical care meets the Internet? What changes will this industry bring under the east wind of "internet plus"?

Seize the beach "internet plus": Alipay pushes the city service platform

Alipay, which has 300 million real-name users, is currently cooperating with many government departments in China, trying to make it easier for citizens to handle public service projects with the help of the Internet.

Alipay confirmed on the 27th that Alipay Wallet recently launched the "City Service" platform to handle traffic violations, entry and exit affairs, license plate lottery, medical registration and other matters, and people will be able to handle it on their mobile phones in the future. At present, users in Hangzhou have been able to use some inquiry and payment functions, and more than 30 cities such as Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Xiamen and Changsha will be connected in the near future.

According to reports, "City Service" is a mobile convenience service platform jointly built by Alipay and government departments, trying to open up Internet companies’ payment and financial solutions, cloud computing capabilities, big data platforms, etc., so as to make municipal services more efficient.

What investment opportunities does internet plus bring?

On March 5th, Premier Li Keqiang clearly put forward the "internet plus" action plan in his government work report: formulate the "internet plus" action plan to promote the integration of mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data and Internet of Things with modern manufacturing, promote the healthy development of e-commerce, industrial Internet and Internet finance, and guide Internet enterprises to expand the international market. The state has set up a 40 billion yuan venture capital guidance fund for emerging industries, and it is necessary to integrate and raise more funds to fuel industrial innovation. When this top-level design is ready to come out, which areas will have development opportunities and investment opportunities?

Communication industry

Communication plays an increasingly important role in social economy and life. On the one hand, it provides infrastructure guarantee for internet plus, and 4G and broadband enhance user experience and information consumption; On the other hand, the communication field is also the key field of technology and application innovation, and the development of communication is conducive to accelerating industrial upgrading and promoting industrial restructuring.

Mobile internet industry

The mobile Internet has shaken the traditional stock market. We believe that the biggest investment opportunity in the era of mobile Internet lies in the transformation of traditional industries. The biggest difference between Internet thinking and traditional thinking is the understanding of users. Transforming traditional consumers into users is a manifestation of revitalizing the stock, and the market has no ceiling.

Computer industry

The computer industry represents an important direction of the country’s economic transformation. At this year’s "two sessions", the Premier also supported the Internet economy and affirmed the positive role of the Internet in promoting the country’s economic transformation. Therefore, we believe that the industry will still have a strong upward logic in the future, and the transformation of economic structure will surely bring the industry an opportunity to accelerate its development. The accelerated penetration of cloud computing and big data also provides a foundation for software enterprises to transform into operation and service platforms. The data-based operation model is gradually recognized by the market and is expected to accelerate its development.

industry

The "internet plus" action plan put forward by Premier Li Keqiang includes the new industrial revolution represented by Industry 4.0 and personal design and manufacturing. Industrial Internet is one of the earliest industries in which "internet plus" mentioned in the government work report was realized.

　　In October 2023, the European Biodiesel Commission (EBB), representing European biodiesel producers, filed an anti-dumping complaint with the European Commission and launched an investigation in December 2023. On July 19th, 2024, the European Commission proposed to impose a temporary tariff of 12.8% to 36.4% on China biodiesel exported to the EU, which will be implemented in mid-August, 2024. The investigation is expected to last until February 2025, when the final anti-dumping duty will be determined for five years.

　　From what has been disclosed, waste edible oil (UCO) and biological carrier (SAF) are temporarily excluded from the scope of anti-dumping. However, EBB is deeply worried about the EU’s unexpected exclusion of the dumped China biological aviation media (SAF) from these temporary measures. EBB will remain committed to the European Commission to solve the unfair trade problems of SAF producers from China, otherwise it will seriously damage the industry and lead to future dependence on China. The European Commission has indicated that it will continue to work to restore a level playing field in the EU and will urge it to be extended to SAF.

　　At present, although SAF from China is excluded from the temporary anti-dumping tariff, it may still face anti-dumping measures in the EU in the future, and relevant enterprises in China should take precautions.

　　Biodiesel is a biofuel made from vegetable oil or animal fat, also known as green new energy, which is divided into first-generation biodiesel (ester group) and second-generation biodiesel (hydrocarbon group). At present, ester group is the mainstream product in China, while hydrocarbon group represents the future development trend. In 2023, the capacity of biodiesel in China is 3.7 billion liters/year, the output is 3.3 billion liters, the consumption is 850 million liters, and the capacity utilization rate is 89.2%.

　　According to statistics, in 2023, global biodiesel consumption increased to 46.31 million tons. In terms of consumption, the largest biodiesel consumption area in the world is the European Union, accounting for 34.65% of the total global biodiesel consumption, followed by the United States, Indonesia, Brazil, Thailand, Argentina and China, accounting for 20.72%, 17.32%, 12.31%, 3.61%, 1.13% and 1.06% respectively.

　　According to the statistics of the European Biodiesel Committee (EBB), China enterprises exported about 1.8 million tons of biodiesel to the EU in 2023, accounting for 90% of China’s total exports. At present, more than 80% of biofuel raw materials in the EU are imported, of which China accounts for 60%. This data shows the penetration of China biodiesel in the EU market and its importance to the EU energy structure.

　　Influence of EU’s anti-dumping measures on China’s biodiesel export enterprises

　　In response to the EU’s anti-dumping policy on biodiesel, He Yongqian, a spokesman for the Ministry of Commerce, said: On July 19th, the European Commission released the preliminary findings of its anti-dumping investigation on biodiesel in China, and proposed to impose provisional anti-dumping duties on biodiesel imported from China. China is highly concerned about the protectionist actions of the European side in the biodiesel industry. China has always advocated the rational and prudent use of trade remedy measures, and urged the European side not to rashly adopt protectionist measures and resolve mutual concerns through dialogue and consultation with China. The EU is the largest consumer of biodiesel in the world. The purpose of importing biodiesel from China is to meet the huge consumer demand in the EU market and accelerate the realization of its own green transformation and energy conservation and emission reduction goals. China has repeatedly stressed that European taxation measures will only raise the cost of related products, harm the interests of related industries and consumers in the EU, and undermine the green transformation process of the EU and the overall situation of China-EU economic and trade cooperation.

　　As an important export market of biodiesel in China, once the EU’s anti-dumping policy is implemented, it will greatly affect the export cost and competitiveness of China enterprises, and have a greater negative impact on the faltering biodiesel industry in China.

　　First of all, it threatens the development space and living space of some enterprises. For China biodiesel export enterprises that rely on the European market, the sales dilemma they may face in the short term will directly affect their profit margins and benign operation ability.

　　Secondly, competition in the international market has intensified. The implementation of anti-dumping duties may prompt local biodiesel producers in the European Union to increase their productivity, so as to fill the market space left by the restriction of China products and further reduce the international market share of China enterprises.

　　Third, technology and innovation have become new driving forces. Facing the market challenge, China biodiesel enterprises are forced to increase R&D investment, improve product performance and competitiveness, explore diversified application fields of green energy, and expand non-traditional markets, so as to offset the pressure brought by anti-dumping to some extent.

　　Influence of EU’s anti-dumping measures on China’s biodiesel industry chain

　　After the introduction of provisional anti-dumping tariffs by the European Commission, the major enterprises in the industry were not shocked because of the long-expected market.

　　Haixinengke, Jiaao Environmental Protection, Langkun Environment, Zhuoyue Xinneng and other enterprises have said that the temporary tariff imposed by the EU has had a certain impact on the company’s biodiesel export to the EU market in the short term, but in the long run, the overall impact is limited.

　　According to public information, the main countermeasures of enterprises are the Eight Immortals crossing the sea.

　　Haixin Nengke: 1. Actively expand the market outside the EU. 2. Improve the product mix to meet the needs of market segments with customized products. 3. Do a good job in the pilot demonstration project of biodiesel popularization and application of the National Energy Administration in Beijing. 4. Further expand other domestic application scenarios. 5. Accelerate the airworthiness certification of biological aviation media (SAF). 6. Accelerate the construction of Shandong Sanju 200,000-ton heterogeneous project.

Shandong Sanju Bio-energy Co., Ltd. (subordinate enterprise of Haixin Nengke)

Hydrocarbon-based biodiesel and bio-jet fuel

　　Jiaao Environmental Protection: 1. Continue to process bio-based plasticizer and other products. 2. Actively develop the domestic application scenarios of biodiesel and expand the domestic sales market. At present, the company has signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with China Marine Fuel Co., Ltd., which will jointly open up a low-carbon market in the transportation field. 3. Actively accelerate the construction and commissioning of Lianyungang SAF project.

　　Zhuoyue Xinneng: 1. Establish an international network system for recycling waste oil resources; Promote the construction of Saudi biodiesel, HVO and SAF production bases. 2. Marine fuel blending and international trade of biodiesel.

　　Langkun environment: 1. Direct sales of raw oil (UCO). 2. Biodiesel products are upgraded to improve their competitiveness. 3. Start the ship fuel market. 4. Promote the pilot demonstration of domestic biodiesel popularization and application. 5. Promote the incorporation of biofuels into the domestic carbon trading market system. 6. Change the direction of overseas markets, increase the development of biodiesel markets in Southeast Asia, Japan, South Korea, the Middle East and other non-EU regions, and reduce the dependence on the EU market.

　　For China’s biodiesel industry, the loss of the EU, an important market in the short term, will inevitably hit its exports. Although China has a huge domestic market as its support, the loss of income and market share caused by losing the EU market in the short term cannot be ignored. In order to cope with this situation, China biodiesel exporters may need to find other alternative markets or re-evaluate their production and management strategies to adapt to the new international trade environment.

　　For the EU market, the imposition of anti-dumping duties may lead to an increase in the import cost of biodiesel, thus pushing up the price in the local market. Although this move will help to protect local industries in the short term, in the long run, it may affect the EU’s renewable energy targets due to reduced supply. Especially considering the key role of the EU in the green transformation, how to protect local industries while maintaining the support for clean energy and the stability of the supply chain is a big challenge.

　　The Future of Biodiesel Industry in China under Anti-dumping

　　From a global perspective, with the improvement of environmental awareness and the promotion of carbon neutrality, biodiesel, as a renewable energy, still has broad market prospects. Although trade barriers such as anti-dumping duties will have an impact on the short-term market, enterprises can respond by improving product quality, optimizing cost structure and strengthening international cooperation. In addition, policy orientation will also have an important impact on industrial development. For example, policy support for biological aviation media will encourage more enterprises to invest in research and development and production of high value-added environmentally friendly fuels.

　　From the perspective of the long-term development of biodiesel in China, the author believes that the EU’s anti-dumping measures are not a bad thing, forcing China’s biodiesel industry to upgrade, the domestic market to glow with endogenous power, and the international market to diversify.

　　First, the domestic supply of raw materials is insufficient, and the layout of raw materials is accelerated. According to the estimated output of refined edible oil in China in 2020, which is 54.76 million tons, considering the consumption pattern, resource concentration, collectable range and other factors, the actual waste edible oil available for collection is about 6 million to 8 million tons. According to incomplete statistics, at present, the collection and utilization of catering waste oil in China is about 3 million tons, of which about 1.5 million tons are used to produce biodiesel, about 900,000 tons are exported, and some of them are used in leather processing and daily chemical washing industry. Due to China’s bioenergy industry policy of "not competing with people for grain and not competing with grain for land", the raw material source of biodiesel has lagged behind the current capacity of biodiesel industry. According to the Biodiesel Industry Development Policy [2014] No.511 issued by the National Energy Administration on November 28, 2014, bioenergy raw materials are encouraged to expand into the fields of non-edible grass/woody oil and microalgae. China Forestry and Environment Promotion Association has set up a bioenergy branch to lead the industry in exploring related fields.

　　The second is technological innovation to further improve product competitiveness. Enterprises can start with medium and long-term strategies, accelerate technological innovation and increase the added value of products. By optimizing the production process, we can reduce the cost, innovate the application fields of products, further improve the production process of hydrocarbon-based biodiesel and bio-aviation coal, and enhance the competitiveness of products.

　　The third is to speed up the development of the domestic market, expand application scenarios, and stabilize the industry through internal circulation. Accelerate the construction of domestic application scenarios and cultivate the domestic market. Give policy, financial and technical support to promote the development and strengthening of biodiesel industry.

　　1. Accelerate the development of the domestic market.

　　On November 13, 2023, the National Energy Administration issued the Notice of the National Energy Administration on Organizing the Pilot Demonstration of Biodiesel Promotion and Application (Guo Nengfa Technology [2023] No.80), which pointed out that biodiesel is a renewable energy produced from biomass such as waste oils and fats, and it is an internationally recognized green and clean fuel, which has been widely valued by the international community. The Renewable Energy Law clearly states that the state encourages the production and utilization of bio-liquid fuels. The "14th Five-Year Plan" for Modern Energy System also requires the vigorous development of non-grain biofuels such as biodiesel. Carrying out the pilot demonstration of biodiesel popularization and application is a useful measure to implement the decision and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, promote the energy revolution and ensure energy security, and a powerful means to promote the recycling of waste and ensure the safety of people’s dining tables.

　　On March 29th, 2024, 22 enterprises in China entered the pilot demonstration project of biodiesel popularization and application.

　　2. Expand application scenarios.

　　As a sustainable shipping solution, bio-ship combustion (marine bio-fuel) has broad application prospects and great development potential. With the continuous progress of technology and the support of policies, bio-ship combustion is expected to become one of the important development directions of shipping industry in the future.

　　The International Maritime Organization proposes that in 2030, the total annual greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping should be reduced by at least 20% compared with 2008, and strive to reduce by 30%; By 2040, the total annual greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping should be reduced by at least 70% compared with 2008, and strive to reduce by 80%. In this context, major shipping companies are exploring green fuels. Biodiesel has become one of the most realistic choices for international shipowners in the short term because of its sustainable environmental protection and easy access.

　　B24 Bio-Ship Combustion is a kind of green marine fuel made from biomass resources such as vegetable oil, animal oil or waste edible oil. B24 represents the maximum ester content of 24%. Compared with traditional fuels, B24 bio-ship combustion can reduce carbon emissions by about 20%, which is helpful to promote energy saving and carbon reduction and green and low-carbon transformation in the shipping field. In addition, B24 bio-marine fuel has the advantages of flexible supply and simple operation, which is completely compatible with modern marine engines and can be used on existing ship types without technical, safety or design adjustments. Compared with clean marine energy such as liquefied natural gas and methanol, B24 bio-ship combustion has unique advantages.

　　B24 bio-ship combustion has been popularized in practical application. For example, at 5 o’clock in the afternoon of October 9, 2023, under the supervision of maritime patrol boats, the oil tanker "Sijie 21" worked at Mazhi Anchorage in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province for about 4 hours, completing the fuel supply for a China-Hong Kong container ship "NEW MING ZHOU 60" about 325 tons of B24 bio-ship. This marks the successful landing of the "ship-to-ship" biofuel filling operation of the first single container ship at sea anchorage in China in Zhoushan Port, Ningbo, the world’s largest port.

　　China Ship Fuel Europe Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of China Ship Fuel Co., Ltd., successfully supplied ISCC-certified B20 biofuel to COSCO Sagittarius in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. This is the first single marine biofuel refueling service for COSCO Shipping Group’s fleet, and it has also achieved a breakthrough in zero refueling of green and low-carbon energy for the company’s fleet in Europe.

China (Yangtze River Delta East China) Biofuel Technology and Industry Development Alliance Preparatory Inaugural Meeting

　　In order to further promote the application of biodiesel in the field of ships, the Preparatory Committee of China (Yangtze River Delta-East China) Biofuel Technology and Industry Development Alliance was formally established in Shanghai. The Preparatory Committee of the Alliance, led by the Shanghai Food Safety Federation, will jointly explore and implement the demonstration application of biodiesel in the whole process and industry chain in Shanghai, Yangtze River Delta and even East China, promote the green transformation of China’s shipping industry and open a new chapter for biodiesel’s "going to the sea".

　　Besides ship combustion, there are other application scenarios to be developed.

　　3. The revision of mandatory national standards for opening the domestic market for biodiesel is also in full swing.

　　At the request of the National Energy Administration to revise the GB GB25199-2017《B5 Diesel Oil as soon as possible, the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Petroleum Products and Lubricants held a kick-off meeting on the revision of the national standard B5 Diesel Oil in Beijing on March 22, 2024. It can be expected that the innovation and development of biodiesel will enter the fast lane with the promulgation of the landmark mandatory national standard for biodiesel blending oil.

　　Fourth, vigorously explore emerging markets and reduce excessive dependence on a single market. Strengthen communication and cooperation with the international market, uphold the concept of sustainable development and actively integrate into the global green energy market. Diversified market layout spreads market risks and reduces dependence on a single market by developing markets in Asia, Africa, South America and other regions. At the same time, pay attention to the demand changes in emerging markets, flexibly adjust product and service strategies, and improve market adaptability.

　　Fifth, through mergers and acquisitions, we will expand our share in overseas markets, thus reducing the short-term pressure caused by anti-dumping duties. Try to avoid trade barriers by transferring production, and strive for tariff exemption by means of agency trade or transferring production. Reduce trade risks through diversified market strategies, and take the opportunity to establish closer economic and trade ties with other countries and broaden the space for international cooperation.

　　The sixth is to promote the carbon trading of biodiesel. Vigorously promote the introduction of carbon trading methodology for biodiesel from waste oils and fats, and promote the substantial carbon trading of biodiesel as soon as possible. Under the guidance of the "double carbon target", China biodiesel industry, which takes waste edible oils and fats and non-edible grass/woody oil as raw materials, will surely contribute more to "safeguarding food safety, guarding blue sky and white clouds, and serving the double carbon target".

　　Seventh, make effective use of rules to safeguard their own rights and interests. It is suggested that China biodiesel industry chain enterprises should actively communicate and consult with export agents or international trade teams, make complaints and respond according to international rules and procedures, and make full use of international trade mechanisms such as the World Trade Organization to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

　　Author: Song Jianguo

　　Executive Vice President of Bioenergy Branch of China Forestry and Environment Promotion Association

　　Executive Director of Beijing City Appearance and Environmental Sanitation Association and Director of Organic Waste Disposal Professional Committee

　　Vice Chairman of China (Yangtze River Delta East China) Bio-Ship Combustion Technology and Industry Development Alliance (to be established)

　　Transfer from: China. com

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Extended reading

　　　 On March 12th, the first supplier conference of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars was held in Panyu Chimelong Hotel International Convention and Exhibition Center with the theme of "Striving for the Best and Creating the Future Together". The chairman, president or general manager of 105 suppliers, the deputy general manager in charge and the sales director of 90 suppliers attended the meeting in person, and more than 370 representatives attended the meeting.

　　　 The meeting was presided over by Zheng Limiao, deputy general manager of the company. Song Wu, general manager of the company, Huang Xiangdong, president of Guangzhou Automobile Research Institute, Chen Jianwei, Gu Huinan, deputy general managers of the company, the head of purchasing department, the head of quality department and supplier representatives made speeches respectively. At the end of the meeting, Zheng Limiao, deputy general manager of the company, made a concluding speech.

　　　 In the afternoon, supplier representatives visited the engine workshop and vehicle workshops of the company, and attended an exchange dinner. The meeting ended successfully.　　

　　　 Song Wu: Seize the opportunity, deepen cooperation, unite sincerely and create the future.

　　　 2009 is a landmark year in the automobile history of China. In the context of the global economic crisis, China auto market has become the world’s largest auto market, with 13.64 million cars sold in the whole year, an increase of 46%; Independent brands have developed rapidly, with the market share of passenger cars reaching 44% and that of cars reaching 30%. In 2009, I visited more than 15 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, visited more than 200 dealers and dozens of suppliers, and combined with my understanding of China’s economic development, I can make a judgment: First, the automobile market can grow rapidly for at least 20 years, and it is conservatively predicted that the sales volume will reach 20 million vehicles in 2020; Second, for independent brands, within five years, in the A-class and below automobile market, autonomy will dominate; Five years later, in the B-class and below automobile market, autonomy and joint venture will be equally divided, and 10 years later, autonomy will dominate the China market.

　　　 GAC has a strong capital advantage, strong talent strength, advanced and mature chassis platform and engine technology, and an efficient and scientific management decision-making mechanism. At the same time, GAC passenger car is actively absorbing and integrating the different advantages of state-owned enterprises, private enterprises and joint ventures, and creating a unique and efficient management model of GAC passenger car with "the platform of state-owned enterprises, the efficiency of private enterprises and the process of joint ventures". The first product of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car is a mid-to high-end car, which has noble pedigree, exquisite manufacturing, blending the essence of the East and the West, and embodying the broadness of China culture. Facing the future, Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars will build a perfect product system covering all levels of B, A and C, covering car, SUV, MPV and other market segments, and actively explore new energy vehicles.

　　　 For supply chain management, the purpose of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Procurement is to establish a high-quality, efficient, environmentally friendly, sustainable supply system with lasting comprehensive competitiveness. For partners, our attitude is sincerity, mutual trust and responsibility. The practice of GAC passenger cars is: "Before marriage, be free to fall in love and fully understand; After marriage, they are responsible for each other and live in harmony. " In the selection process, fully communicate with suppliers, so that everyone can fully show their own strength, and finally choose a supplier in principle for a model. Once selected, we will establish a strategic partnership with suppliers for common development and win-win cooperation, and will not change easily. When difficulties are encountered in cooperation, both sides work together to improve and solve them. When developing the next model, partners will be given priority under the same conditions.

　　　 The year 2010 is very crucial for Guangzhou Automobile’s own brand. To succeed, the quality and cost of products are very important, which depends on the joint efforts of all suppliers and Guangzhou Automobile passenger cars. In terms of schedule, it is required to ensure the sample delivery schedule and meet the key time nodes; In terms of quality, it is required to achieve production consistency and product consistency, and challenge "zero defects and zero failures"; In the field of cost, I hope everyone can completely eliminate all waste in the production process and achieve the cost target by stages. I hope that all suppliers and distributors will work together with us to gradually build a trinity value industrial chain of suppliers, OEMs and distributors, and develop together through brand extension, capability extension and value extension to achieve a win-win situation! Show off your style at this year’s Asian Games and make a hit!

　　　 Special topics of automobile research institute

　　　 Huang Xiangdong: Achieving Core Competitiveness and Supporting the Sustainable Development of GAC

　　　 In July 2006, in order to fully launch the independent brand strategy of Guangzhou Automobile Group, the Automobile Engineering Research Institute of Guangzhou Automobile Group was established. As the hub of Guangzhou Automobile Group’s R&D system and the technical management department of the group headquarters, it is responsible for the formulation of Guangzhou Automobile Group’s technology development strategy and the construction of R&D system, as well as the planning and concrete implementation of new product and new technology research and development. The team of core technical experts of the Automobile Research Institute comes from the product R&D institutions of famous automobile and parts enterprises in the United States, Japan and Europe, and has been engaged in overseas R&D for more than 15 years on average in international companies such as Ford, General Motors, Fiat, Continental and Lear, and has accumulated a lot in the fields of automobile overall design, chassis development, body development, automobile collision safety structure and system development, electronic and electrical system development, powertrain development, electric and hybrid vehicle development and the process and management of new product development projects. As the core of Guangzhou Automobile Group’s technological innovation system, the research institute will form an independent product development capability that is suitable for the overall strength of Guangzhou Automobile Group and can participate in domestic and international cooperation and competition, thus achieving the important core competitiveness of Guangzhou Automobile Group and supporting its sustainable development.

　　　 Construction of vehicle field

　　　 Chen Jianwei: Help each other in the same boat, glory each other and jointly build Guangzhou Automobile Boutique Automobile.

　　　 Since the first pile was laid in the vehicle factory on December 24th, 2008, Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car has established the planning concept of people-oriented, safe, economical, compact and reasonable, and devoted itself to building a world-class green factory with advanced technology, environmental protection and energy saving. The basic principles of factory construction are: the first phase is economical and reasonable, the second phase is easy to connect, the long-term development is feasible, and the capacity planning is scientific and reasonable, and the investment is saved.

　　　 Today, our four major process plants and quality inspection lines have been basically completed, and the first car trial production is underway. In the future, our work will focus on comprehensively promoting lean production management mode, continuously strengthening cooperation with suppliers, strengthening supply chain management and quality cultivation, controlling outsourcing costs, and striving to create a win-win or even win-win situation. Taking this opportunity, I hope that all suppliers and colleagues can help each other in the same boat, be proud of each other, and work together to build Guangzhou Automobile Boutique Cars and produce self-owned brand cars with national characteristics. !

　　　 Construction of engine field

　　　 Gu Huinan: Eliminate all waste and make high-quality and low-cost engines.

　　　 The construction of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Engine Factory is planned once, implemented in two phases and developed in a rolling way. The workshop covers an area of 18,000 square meters, which can meet the production capacity of 250,000 units/year. The production capacity of the first-phase production line equipment is 100,000 units/year in two shifts, which can be expanded according to the market demand in the future.

　　　 From the very beginning, the engine factory took "eliminating all waste" as the guiding ideology, with the goal of zero safety accidents, zero poor quality and zero waste, and built a safe and environmentally-friendly modern factory to manufacture high-quality and low-cost engines.

　　　 In order to build a production line to ensure the manufacture of high-quality and low-cost engines, the layout, logistics and equipment selection of the production line fully consider the idea of eliminating waste, adopt advanced production line equipment and establish a quality assurance system to ensure the production of high-quality engines. At the same time, we regard cost control as the basic work of every employee, and ensure all employees to participate in cost control by strengthening employee training.

　　　 In the future, we look forward to the continued support and help from our suppliers and make joint efforts for our success. !

　　　 Procurement field: building lasting comprehensive competitiveness, continuous optimization and integration

　　　 Chen Xifu, Minister of Purchasing Department, announced the purchasing concept and working policy of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars, and explained our business plan and working methods in the procurement field in 2010.　
　　
　　　 In 2010, the purchasing field of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars will focus on the six themes of "safety, quality, cost, supply, development and environmental protection", and through the "best activity" with suppliers, we will continue to improve independently, eliminate all waste and make continuous efforts for the construction of Guangzhou Automobile Supply Chain.

　　　 Quality field: create high-quality products with heart and serve sincerely.

　　　 Yan Guidong, Minister of Quality Department, introduced the quality assurance system, policies and objectives of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars, summarized the performance of parts quality in 2009, put forward the standards and requirements of parts quality in 2010, and explained the methods and requirements of parts quality management.

　　　 Supplier Representative: Fully cooperate to help Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car develop at a high speed.

　　　 Guangzhou Automobile Group’s advanced business philosophy, strong sense of innovation and excellent corporate culture have a good demonstration and driving role for suppliers. Guangzhou automobile passenger car has given great help to the difficulties encountered by our suppliers in the development process, which has made our suppliers take a big step forward in another new field of product development. We will, as always, cooperate with and meet the requirements of GAC’s own brand in development, quality, cost and delivery, and we are also looking forward to the smooth start of subsequent models of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car Company. Together with many cooperative enterprises, we will adhere to the concept of innovation, cooperation and win-win, and always be ready to cooperate with Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car to help the rapid development of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Car. "

　　　 Meeting summary

　　　 Zheng Limiao: Ensure the production quality according to the goal of 120% qualified rate.

　　　 Although our own brand started a little late, at that time, GAC passenger cars paid close attention to cost control in the factory construction stage, and reduced the cost of factory building and equipment purchase by at least 30% compared with their peers, reducing the fixed cost and winning at the starting line.

　　　 It is only a short half year before our mass production, which is the most crucial half year. Our procurement and quality departments have put forward the working objectives and methods for 2010 in the special report. The key to whether we can "hit the market with one shot" when going public is whether our quality can be stable, how reliable we are and the level of cost control, and how to turn our efforts into market recognition. Here, please all suppliers pay attention to production quality fundamentally, and the qualified rate should be 120.

　　　 Editor’s note:

　　　 The convening of the first supplier conference of Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars established a bridge and a link between Guangzhou Automobile Passenger Cars and suppliers, and successfully started the outpost war of Guangzhou Automobile’s own brand. With firm confidence, full enthusiasm, abundant energy and meticulous work, the vast number of suppliers are working with all the staff of our company to make an all-out effort to successfully launch the first car of GAC’s own brand. We believe that in the near future, we will share our joy, realize our dreams and create the future together!

　　Cctv newsOn the morning of May 30th, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade held a regular press conference in May to introduce relevant information and answer media questions.

　　Wang Linjie, spokesperson for the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, said that the first China International Supply Chain Promotion Expo (Chain Expo) will be held at the China International Exhibition Center from November 28th to December 2nd. Holding a chain Expo is a vivid practice of implementing the important initiative of the Supreme Leader Chairman on maintaining the stability and smoothness of the global industrial chain supply chain, and a concrete action to promote high-level opening up, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, and promote the construction of an open world economy.

　　The first Chain Expo was hosted by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and hosted by China International Exhibition Center Group Co., Ltd., with the theme of "Linking the World and Creating the Future Together", with a total exhibition area of over 100,000 square meters. There are five chains including smart car chain, green agriculture chain, clean energy chain, digital technology chain and healthy life chain, and supply chain service exhibition areas such as modern logistics. During the period, the opening ceremony and global supply chain innovation and development summit will be held, and five thematic sub-forums will be held around the five major chains, as well as a series of professional supporting activities such as supply and demand matching meetings, industry exchange seminars and new product launches.

　　Enterprises from all countries and people from all walks of life are welcome to actively participate in exhibitions, forum meetings, promotion and negotiation, results release and other activities, and join hands to make the first chain Expo a fruitful and world-class exhibition.

1905 movie network news Every Friday, the global film of Universal Cinema continues to play, and today (May 12th) broadcast the biographical film "Beautiful Mind" for you.

Edison once said: Genius is one percent inspiration, plus ninety-nine percent perspiration. A Beautiful Mind tells you that being a genius is far more than that.

The film A Beautiful Mind, which won the Oscar for best film, best director, best supporting actress and best adapted screenplay, was adapted according to the legendary experience of johnf nash, a famous mathematician and economist who won the Nobel Prize in Economics, from the peak of his career to insanity, and then to overcoming his illness.

Eight years ago, on May 23rd, johnf nash and his wife died in a car accident in New Jersey at the age of 86.

John Nash

The film tells the story of John Forbes Nash (decoration), a mathematician with schizophrenia, who, with the help of his wife Alicia (decoration), devotes himself to studying the fields of game theory and differential geometry and finally wins the Nobel Prize in Economics.

John Forbes Nash was played by russell crowe, who won the Academy Award for Best Actor at that time. For a long time, he has always been a tough guy in the audience’s mind.

The movie Gladiator

In "A Beautiful Mind", he became a "freak" who sat in the house all day, accompanied by various formulas and devoted himself to studying mathematics. With this image, russell crowe was nominated for Best Actor in the 74th Academy Awards and won the Best Actor Award in the 59th Golden Globe Awards.

In this film, every casual expression and look in his eyes accurately reflects the hero’s mental state at that time, and successfully presents a very complicated character in front of the audience.

The growth path of genius is brilliant and bumpy, and Nash has already achieved high academic attainments when he was young.

However, while having outstanding intuition, he was troubled by schizophrenia.

He even imagined himself as a mysterious agent who cracked the code for the national intelligence service.

When Nash’s illness became more and more serious, the audience discovered that the close friends and lovely nieces that appeared in the film were all part of his imagination.

Only his achievements are real.

And his wife — — Supporting him out of the spiritual siege.

Alicia, played by Jennifer Lynn Connelly, also gives people a deep impression of "the best companion" in the film. She has spent her whole life protecting this husband who is between a madman and a genius. She has collapsed, cried and feared.

Despite the difficulties in life, they never separated. At Nash’s most miserable and depressed time, Alicia took care of her ex-husband and children with her meager income.

This vivid and strong wife image made Jennifer Lynn Connelly win both the Oscar and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress, which was the first award in her acting career.

In the end, Nash overcame this "incurable" disease with his wife’s company and his firm will.

A truly beautiful mind is one who knows how to cherish the person who silently supports and accompanies us, which may be the deep meaning conveyed to the audience by the film.

In 1994, when Nash, who was already white-haired, won the Nobel Prize in Economics, he took the stage and delivered a speech: "I believe in mathematics, equations and logic all my life. But what is logic? Who decides the reason of logic? "

At this time, in front of many guests in the audience, there was only one person in his eyes, and he firmly said his answer … …

Just like the title of this film, A Beautiful Mind not only shows a profound and touching story, but also praises the theme of the beauty of love and the importance of companionship.

Johnf nash and Alicia

At 22:20 on May 12th, lock in the movie channel Universal Cinema, witness johnf nash’s legendary life and immortal love together, and cherish those who accompany us silently.

CCTV News:At present, more than 1,500 acres of mountain cherry blossoms in the cherry garden in Luoqiao Town, Changning, Hunan Province are competing to open. The contiguous mountain cherry blossoms put a layer of red clothes on the mountain, which is beautiful. Next, we connected Yao Yao, a reporter from the reception desk, and asked him to take us to appreciate the beauty of Sakura.

Front desk reporter Yao Yao:I am now in the cherry blossom garden in Luoqiao Town, Changning, Hunan Province. With the temperature rising, the mountain cherry blossoms here are blooming with great enthusiasm, which makes people feel the brilliant spring.

The color of Prunus mume is mostly deep pink, with three to five symbiotic flowers, mostly single petals. Flowers are bell-shaped, usually hanging down from the branches, and the tender yellow stamens stick out from the flowers, just like small wind chimes, composing spring music with the mountain wind. Prunus mume belongs to the deciduous tree of Rosaceae, and its flowers are rich in color. Besides crimson, pink and purple flowers can also be seen. Cherry blossoms bloom first and then grow leaves, and the flowers on the branches in full bloom are intoxicating.

The contiguous mountain cherry blossoms are covered with mountains, and the trunk of the mountain cherry blossoms is tall and straight, showing grayish brown or grayish black. The old branches give birth to slender new branches, all of which are covered with blooming flowers or buds waiting to be released. Flowers are as red as rouge, swaying and embracing each other in the breeze, and wandering in the meantime, as if falling into the sea of flowers and immersed in a dreamland.

Mountain cherry is also called Zhong Hua cherry and Fujian Mountain cherry, and it is also called Han Fei cherry. As the name implies, it is a red cherry blossom that blooms in cold early spring. Mountain cherry blossoms can be regarded as the earliest cherry blossoms in mainland China in a year. The flowering period is generally in mid-February, which is twenty days earlier than common cherry blossoms.

Most of Prunus mume grow at an altitude of 500 meters to 1400 meters, and they like light and slightly acidic soil, and have strong adaptability, relatively high temperature resistance and certain cold resistance. The temperature, humidity and soil conditions here in Changning, Hunan are very suitable for the growth of Prunus mume. The planting requirements of Prunus mume are high, so we should pay attention to deep cultivation and shallow planting, and ensure good soil drainage. In the seedling growth period, we should carefully manage and give enough growth space to ensure the smooth flowering of Prunus mume. Like the cherry trees in our lens, which have grown for more than 10 years, they can bloom so luxuriantly.

In recent years, the local area has been continuously introduced, grafted and cultivated to expand the planting area. Now the planting area of Sakura in our Sakura Garden has reached more than 1,500 mu. During the blooming season, the fiery red cherry blossoms are particularly dazzling against the green forest.

In addition to mountain cherry blossoms, there are eight other kinds of cherry blossoms, such as peony cherry blossoms and perfume cherry blossoms, which have different postures and different strengths. At present, 2,500 mu of cherry blossoms have been planted in the cherry garden in Luoqiao Town, Changning, with more than 1 million cherry trees.

When the flowers bloom, the cherry blossom garden is full of clouds, and the fascinating beauty attracts a large number of tourists to watch it, which is a vibrant scene. The romantic cherry blossom sea has promoted the development of eating, living, traveling, shopping and entertainment, broadened the way for local villagers to get rich, and injected new vitality into rural revitalization.

Perhaps he hasn’t adapted to the sudden year of 2022. Consultant Zhou always misses the past recently.

One of these things I really want to share with you.

A few years ago, Mr. Zhao visited the Teresa Teng Memorial Museum in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and saw many objects used by Teresa Teng before his death.

As the most successful female singer in China’s history in many people’s minds, Teresa Teng’s legacy is naturally extremely rich.

In the memorial hall, there is a Mercedes-Benz that Teresa Teng used to walk before his death:

There are all kinds of decorations in his former residence:

Clothing and accessories worn before death:

From these things, we can see Teresa Teng’s exquisite life before his death, which, of course, happens to be our impression of Teresa Teng.

Impression of Teresa Teng, no matter when and where, is so delicate and beautiful.

However, in fact, sometimes I think that maybe these exquisiteness and beauty may not be what she wants.

This can be seen from her emotional experience.

Teresa Teng has experienced seven relationships in his life. The first one is Lin Zhenfa, a young industrialist who has reached the stage of talking about marriage with Teresa Teng. But unfortunately, this relationship ended with Lin Zhenfa’s sudden death of a heart attack. Teresa Teng was almost heartbroken at that time at the sudden death of Lin Zhenfa.

After that, Teresa Teng once again met Zhu Jian, a businessman who stood by her and accompanied her. Accompanied by Zhu Jian, Teresa Teng got out of the first love, and they also started a new relationship.

But unexpectedly, it was so sudden!

Zhu Jian was on a visit to Teresa Teng when his plane crashed and left forever.

After that, Teresa Teng experienced five more relationships.

The first paragraph is with Mori Kenichi from abroad. At that time, Teresa Teng moved to foreign music circles and met Mori Jinyi, but this relationship was very short, only two or three months, because of the cultural differences between them.

When Teresa Teng was developing abroad, it was required that every concert must have China songs and a set of cheongsam. No matter whether fans can understand it or not, she should let people know that she is Chinese.

Teresa Teng’s persistence is naturally difficult to continue with Mori Shinichi, because there are rumors that Mori Shinichi is with Teresa Teng, and even hopes that Teresa Teng will quit the music world and become a husband and wife.

However, Teresa Teng and Mori Jinyi, and later Deng Changxi, the younger brother who had the best relationship with Teresa Teng, once said that Teresa Teng never liked foreign men, and their relationship with Mori Jinyi was a rumor, and they just belonged to the same company’s artists.

The second paragraph is with actor Qin Xianglin, but this relationship is more of an affair. Although it was heated up in everyone’s speculation, more than a year later, Qin Xianglin suddenly got engaged, but the object was Brigitte Lin.

After that, we are most familiar with a relationship with Jackie Chan.

It was 1979, and Teresa Teng experienced a low tide in his life, so he gave up everything and went abroad to study in Los Angeles. At this time, Jackie Chan, whose career is taking off, is shooting the movie "Master Trench" in Los Angeles.

When I met an old friend in a foreign country, an "underground love" began, but in the communication, I gradually felt very different and there was a big difference between them. So later, in a small quarrel, the two parted ways.

Jackie Chan even wrote in his later autobiography: "She is gentle, beautiful, smart and humorous ….. To tell the truth, I don’t deserve her, or at least I didn’t deserve her at that time."

After Jackie Chan, Guo Kongcheng, one of the richest men in Southeast Asian Chinese circles, even set a wedding date. However, because the Guo family is conservative, Teresa Teng is required not only to explain the past history, but also to quit the entertainment circle immediately after joining the Guo family and cut off contacts with friends in the entertainment circle.

Teresa Teng, who has strong self-esteem, naturally meets such conditions as spicy eyes, so she absolutely breaks off her marriage and breaks up.

The last one is Paul from abroad.

In 1990, Teresa Teng lived abroad and began a five-year relationship with Paul, a foreign photographer 25 years younger.

But perhaps because of his mentality or his age, Paul never talked about marriage with Teresa Teng.

Teresa Teng’s life, we have seen her too much beauty, but behind the beauty, there is the same sadness as ordinary people, and even this sadness is even worse than the public.

Today, at the Teresa Teng Memorial Cultural Relics Museum, we can see many beautiful accessories of Teresa Teng in those days, and even many of them are jade ornaments that we are familiar with:

But these beautiful jade ornaments can’t seem to hide the countless regrets left by Teresa Teng when he was born. Even though he fell in love with seven people all his life, in 1995, Teresa Teng died of asthma in Chiang Mai, a foreign country, but there was no one to accompany him.

The only companion is a jade bracelet that she has been wearing all her life. Now Fang Chen is quietly in the memorial hall, which seems to be as beautiful as Teresa Teng’s life, but it also reveals the cold and loneliness.

Suddenly in 2022, we feel uncomfortable. This is because we have regrets in the past, and we indulge in those sorrows.

But in fact, in another way of thinking, we have also left a beautiful life. Although the jade bracelet is cold, it also makes the beauty eternal. Although there are regrets in the past, tomorrow can create a better life.

Just like today’s "Teresa Teng Memorial Museum of Cultural Relics", although we can’t see that person anymore, isn’t the beauty of that person left behind? Moreover, it can also let more people have the joy of witnessing during the tour, for example, we can take the past with us and create a better future.

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