CCTV News:At 12: 00 on the 21st, the Henan Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters started the flood control level II emergency response; On the afternoon of the 22nd, Henan Meteorological Observatory and Zhengzhou Meteorological Observatory successively issued red rainstorm warnings.　

　　Henan: Flood control level II emergency response exceeds 20 rainstorm red warnings.

　　The Meteorological Observatory predicts that the strongest rainfall period in Henan will be from noon on the 22nd to midnight before the 23rd. The Meteorological Observatory predicts that the accumulated precipitation in Pingdingshan, Luohe and Xuchang, southern Zhengzhou and Kaifeng, northern Nanyang and western Zhoukou will reach more than 100 mm today.

　　70 high-speed trains stopped and 3 through trains turned back.

　　Affected by rainfall, as of noon on the 22nd, Zhengzhou East Station stopped trains for 70 times. Heavy rainfall causes Lanzhou to pass through the pipeline — Beijing West Z130 and other 3 through trains turn back.

　　The five-hole floodgates of Changzhuang Reservoir are all open.

　　At 2: 00 pm on the 22nd, the rainstorm passed through Zhengzhou Changzhuang Reservoir, and the reservoir was prepared in advance.

　　Henan Taiwan reporter Ceng Tao:It’s 2 o’clock in the afternoon, and we can see that it’s raining harder and harder. As can be seen from the lens, at present, the five-hole floodgates of Changzhuang Reservoir have all been opened. Looking in along the floodgates, Changzhuang Reservoir has vacated its storage capacity to cope with this rainstorm.　

　　The level I emergency response in the two places has been shut down in many places.

　　In order to cope with the impact of heavy rainfall, Henan made full preparations in advance.

　　The first is to stop work and stop production notice. Xingyang City, Zhengzhou and Changyuan City, Xinxiang launched Class I emergency response to flood control on the 22nd, requiring all outdoor operations to be stopped, shops along the street and underground shopping malls to be closed, and scenic spots, dangerous roads and underground culverts in the jurisdiction to be closed.　

　　Zhengzhou also requires the city’s buses to stop running, construction sites to stop outdoor operations, all tourist attractions to be temporarily closed, and shops along the street to stop business until 8 am on the 24th. Schools, kindergartens and training institutions at all levels should stop all activities such as offline teaching, summer training and summer camps.

　　Kaifeng also issued a notice that buses were temporarily suspended and stores along the street were closed. All trains in Jiaozuo Railway Station were temporarily suspended for one day from 0: 00 on the 22nd.　

　　Close the concave interchange of underground space bridge and culvert tunnel in time.

　　In order to prevent waterlogging from threatening people’s lives and property, underground spaces, bridges and culverts, tunnels and underpasses were closed in time. Zhengzhou Metro has placed sandbags for flood control and installed waterproof baffles at the entrance. The entrances and exits of eight tunnels in Zhengzhou have been equipped with disconnection facilities, isolation guardrails have been prepared, and special personnel have been arranged to be on duty. Once the tunnel is seriously flooded, it will be disconnected immediately. As a main trunk line running through the north and south of Zhengzhou City, the Beijing-Guangzhou Expressway under the tunnel was closed at 11 am on the 22nd, and vehicles and pedestrians were prohibited from passing. In addition to personnel protection, rescue equipment such as kayaks, forklifts, and emergency power vehicles are also waiting.

　　Save for a rainy day, stop at the shops in the highlands for flood prevention.

　　In addition, vehicle safety is also taking precautions. Zhengzhou Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters reminded everyone in an open letter to the public yesterday to move the vehicles in the underground garage to the road heights. All organs, enterprises and institutions near the community will be unconditionally open to the public free of charge. From the 21st, citizens in Zhengzhou and Kaifeng began to drive their cars out of underground garages and park in higher places. On the 22nd, the official micro of Henan Traffic Police announced that the traffic police department said that vehicles temporarily parked on roads, viaducts and other places due to emergency flood control would not be dealt with illegally.

　　Henan Weihui also issued an urgent reminder: shops along the street should reserve raincoats, rain boots, buckets, flood control sandbags, etc. in advance; Residents on the first floor should prepare enough daily necessities and go to the second floor to avoid danger.

　　At present, Zhengzhou Meteorological Observatory has lifted the red rainstorm warning. According to the meteorological information released by Henan Meteorological Bureau at 9: 00 pm on the 22nd, from the night of 22nd to the morning of 23rd, there were heavy rains in Shangqiu, Kaifeng, Zhoukou and Zhumadian, the eastern part of Nanyang area and the northwest part of Xinyang area, and some heavy rains were accompanied by strong convective weather. Everyone should take precautions. In addition to Henan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi and other places also ushered in a new round of heavy rainfall on the 22nd and 23rd. In the face of geological disasters such as urban waterlogging and mountain torrents that may be caused by such extreme weather, all localities are also in emergency rescue.

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that in the three days from the 22nd, heavy rainfall will be concentrated in the south of Shaanxi, Sichuan Basin, Huanghuai, Jianghan, Jianghuai and Northeast China.

　　Sichuan upgrades rainstorm warning, and many streets in Langzhong City accumulate water.

　　At 16: 00 on the 22nd, the Sichuan Meteorological Observatory upgraded the blue rainstorm warning to the yellow rainstorm warning. In Langzhong City, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, there was a thunderstorm at around 3 am on the 22nd. Continuous rainstorms have caused many streets in the city to accumulate water, and landslides, falling rocks and mudslides have appeared in many roads in China and provinces. Eighteen towns (streets) in the city have been affected to varying degrees, and 2,516 people have been safely transferred.

　　Shaanxi: There is heavy rainfall in 106 counties, and Mian County has the largest rainfall.

　　From the 21st to the early morning of the 22nd, there were rainy weather in 106 counties and districts in Shaanxi province, and six rivers, including Ankangchi River and Shangluo Ganyou River, experienced super-alarm floods. There have been heavy rains in many places in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province, among which Mianxian County has the largest rainfall, reaching 220 mm. The continuous heavy rainfall has caused the water levels of many rivers in Mianxian County to skyrocket, and some houses in Mianyang Street, Wuhou Town, Chadian Town, Zhoujiashan Town, Xinpu Town and other towns in Mianxian City have been flooded and people have been trapped. Local firefighters urgently mobilized vehicles and assault boats to rescue, and successfully transferred more than 300 trapped people to a safe area.

　　The National Defense General maintains flood control level III emergency response.

　　On August 22nd, the National Defense General maintained the Class III emergency response to flood control, and sent an additional working group to Shaanxi to assist in flood prevention in the upper reaches of the Hanjiang River. The National Defense Office and the Emergency Management Department discussed and judged with the China Meteorological Bureau and the Ministry of Water Resources, and the dispatch reminded Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing and other provinces to do a good job in flood prevention and response, promptly and decisively transfer people in dangerous areas, strengthen the inspection of flood control projects, and grab and protect them in time when danger is found. Fire rescue teams from all over the country responded quickly and assembled efficiently.

　　Every summer, heavy rainfall will cause secondary disasters and even casualties in some areas. However, as a common weather phenomenon, heavy rainfall will still exist in our daily life for a long time, so what can the managers of our city do to better prevent the rain in the future?

　　It is difficult to predict instantaneous heavy rainfall.

　　On the evening of 16th of this month, a heavy rainfall in Beijing caused water accumulation in many sections, especially in some culverts under the bridge due to heavy rainfall in a short time.　

　　Liu Jiahong, Senior Engineer, China Academy of Water Resources and Hydropower Research:On the one hand, it is extremely short-term heavy rainfall, which is not particularly large in the whole city. It may be concentrated in the bridge area, causing very rapid water accumulation.

　　Upgrading drainage capacity of drainage pipeline in response to heavy rainfall

　　At present, the forecast of short-term heavy rainfall is still a worldwide problem, but does this mean that we are helpless when dealing with short-term heavy rainfall? Liu Jiahong, a senior engineer of China Academy of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, introduced that after the "July 21" torrential rain disaster in Beijing in 2012, relevant parties further optimized the "one bridge, one policy" and other schemes in 146 lower concave bridge areas in Beijing. The method of effectively relieving the accumulated water in the concave bridge area by digging and regulating the reservoir has been applied in many bridge areas.

　　When the drainage conditions are limited, it is necessary to coordinate and solve the drainage problem.

　　However, due to the surrounding facilities such as subway stations, the location involved is limited in the renovation of storage facilities. The drainage pipe network in the surrounding community will even discharge more water into the concave bridge area. Then, how to solve the problem of urban drainage under the condition of limited drainage conditions?

　　Liu Jiahong, Senior Engineer, China Academy of Water Resources and Hydropower Research:Limited drainage conditions is a historical debt in the process of urban development, which needs to be solved in coordination with surrounding areas (such as the sunken bridge area with insufficient conditions), to see if the surrounding green space has built land to lower the conditions of storage pools, and then to lower the storage pools in these surrounding areas by building land, so as to buffer some of the accumulated water in the rainstorm and avoid generating particularly great instantaneous pressure on the bridge area.

　　Real-time warning of smart water conservancy and waterproof by water accumulation map

　　Turning to Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, which just experienced the "July 20" torrential rain, made many countermeasures in advance in the face of this round of heavy rain. The official WeChat of Zhengzhou Traffic Police provides citizens with safe haven reference by counting 42 water accumulation points in the city. In Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, in response to the typhoon "Fireworks" at the end of July, an electronic map of stagnant water with real-time updated data was launched urgently, so that citizens can check the stagnant water situation at key points in the city at any time. Earlier in 2013, there was also a "water accumulation map" jointly launched by the multi-site flood control office and the traffic police to mark the degree of water accumulation in different colors. So, will the waterlogging map be a sharp weapon to deal with urban floods?

　　Liu Jiahong, Senior Engineer, China Academy of Water Resources and Hydropower Research:Water accumulation map is a very effective means to remind the public of risks, but in order to ensure the validity, reliability and accuracy of data, a professional team is needed. At the same time, it is real-time, but it has no forecasting function. Only when there is accumulated water can the data be uploaded to the platform. If we can combine the accumulated water map with the weather forecast, it should be more valuable for residents’ travel and route planning.

　　Improve the emergency response mechanism, and all departments form a joint force for flood control

　　In the opinion of experts, the emergency response of government departments after the release of early warning information is very important. The red rainstorm warning is only an administrative guidance issued by the meteorological department, which has no mandatory execution, and is often too broad and general for the public to understand its connotation. The meteorological warning only sounded an alarm, and then all government departments need to quickly form a consultation and linkage mechanism and start their own specific emergency measures, so as to set up an effective protection umbrella as soon as possible.　

　　Wang Jiazhuo, Dean of Ecological Municipal Institute of China Urban Planning and Design Institute:All departments should have plans for the disaster of rainstorm, such as what hospitals should do, what our communication, transportation, subway and electric power departments should do, and they should be able to respond in time when an incident occurs. At the same time, these departments should also be linked with each other, and emergency management departments should play some roles in the coordination of emergency management of such departments.

　　[CCTV Short Comment] "Much thunder and little rain" will also be moved by the news of "flood season"

　　There is a good saying: "natural disasters are not caused by people, and disasters are not caused by heaven." To deal with the flood, we should take more initiative, even if "much thunder and little rain", we should keep our eyes open and look like an enemy; What’s more, it’s more important to move when you hear about the flood season, and it’s just the saying that "it’s better to be on the safe side than to be on the safe side." Flood control and flood fighting, on the surface, test the emergency level of various departments, in fact, test the city’s governance capacity. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to improve the public safety system. Really consolidate the value coordinates of people-oriented, firmly weld the safety awareness in the heart, refine it in the institutional arrangement, and implement it in concrete actions. Only in the face of floods and disasters can we be targeted and leisurely.

　　The audience visited the bionic UAV information acquisition system in integration of defense and civilian technologies Science and Technology Innovation Exhibition, the annual meeting of China Association for Science and Technology. Xinhua news agency

　　Promoting the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies is a systematic project. We should be good at using systematic science, systematic thinking and systematic methods to study and solve problems. We should not only strengthen top-level design, but also adhere to key breakthroughs. We should not only grasp the present but also seek the long-term, strengthen demand docking, strengthen reform and innovation, strengthen resource integration, focus on key areas, promote the overall level from point to area, and accelerate the formation of a comprehensive, multi-field and high-efficiency deep development pattern in integration of defense and civilian technologies.

　　— — General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed at the second plenary meeting of the Central integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Committee held on September 22, 2017.

　　In early autumn, the sky in Beijing is high and the clouds are light. On September 18th, the third exhibition of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s achievements in developing high-tech equipment opened in Beijing. A large number of high-tech equipment achievements developed by integration of defense and civilian technologies, including "Shenwei Light of Taihu Lake", Godson series autonomous controllable high-performance processors, high-precision atomic clocks, autonomous underwater robots, etc., which ranked first in the world supercomputer for three consecutive years, were unveiled.

　　An exhibition is a microcosm. Pieces of objects, models and wonderful videos comprehensively and systematically show the staged achievements in the development of national defense science, technology and industry in integration of defense and civilian technologies since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　1. The development of integration of defense and civilian technologies has become a national strategy.

　　At present, in the competition of comprehensive national strength, major countries in the world are vigorously promoting integration of defense and civilian technologies or the integration of military and civilian, so as to achieve a win-win situation in which the overall military capability jumps and the national economic strength is enhanced, and thus realize long-term national defense security.

　　Integration of defense and civilian technologies’s proposition of the times was born at the right time. On March 12, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the plenary session of the PLA delegation at the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress that upgrading integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development to a national strategy is a major achievement in our long-term exploration of the law of coordinated development of economic construction and national defense construction, and a major decision made from the overall situation of national security and development strategy.

　　In July 2016, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council and the Central Military Commission issued Opinions on the Integrated Development of Economic Construction and National Defense Construction. This is the first programmatic document guiding the integrated development of economic construction and national defense construction since the founding of New China.

　　In August 2017, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Science and Technology Committee of the Military Commission jointly issued the "Special Plan for the Development of Science and Technology integration of defense and civilian technologies in the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), which laid out 16 key tasks in seven aspects to promote the development of science and technology integration of defense and civilian technologies during the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, and proposed that by 2020, a collaborative innovation system of military and civilian science and technology will basically be formed.

　　Experts believe that "Planning" has drawn a clear "road map" for coordinating the national innovation resources and comprehensively promoting the integration of defense and civilian technologies of science and technology, formed the top-level design for the development of integration of defense and civilian technologies in the field of science and technology in China, and marked the beginning of comprehensive and deep integration of science and technology integration of defense and civilian technologies.

　　On September 22, 2017, the second plenary session of the Central integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Committee was held, only three months after the first plenary session. Although the time is short, the results are quite fruitful — —

　　Special plans such as the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Science and Technology integration of defense and civilian technologies" and national economic mobilization were issued and implemented, and 20 provinces issued integration of defense and civilian technologies development plans; Initiate the implementation of the reform of the first batch of 41 military research institutes, deepen the demonstration of airspace management system, military pricing bargaining rules, equipment procurement system and other reform programs, and comprehensively push forward the joint review mechanism of weapons and equipment research and production licenses and equipment contractors; We will promote the integration and sharing of large-scale military and civilian defense scientific research instruments and equipment, the innovative cooperation of military-civilian dual-use technology alliance with equity as the link, and the identification and access standards of supporting core military products for civilian enterprises throughout the country.

　　2. Straighten out the mechanism. integration of defense and civilian technologies releases the "institutional dividend"

　　In the 2nd integration of defense and civilian technologies High-tech Achievements Exhibition held in Beijing in 2016, among the 163 exhibitors, 87 private high-tech enterprises, more than half. The reporter met Song Youchun, an exhibitor from a private enterprise, who was explaining to the audience the function of night vision equipment independently developed and produced by his company.

　　With the help of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s "Bonus", Song Youchun’s company has now become a professional supplier of night vision photoelectric products with strong independent research and development capabilities in China. Many core technology products have been authorized by national defense patents and passed the safety certification of military security technology prevention products. "Entering the military field has actually expanded the application radius of technology and enabled the results to better connect with the market." Song Youchun said that in the past, it was always felt that the participation of civilian technology in military products was very far away from us ordinary people. It was integration of defense and civilian technologies’s national development strategy that made military technology no longer "cold".

　　What makes private entrepreneurs such as Song Youchun feel no longer "cold" is that the field of weapons and equipment research and production has embarked on the road of open development and actively absorbed the superior resources of the whole society. At present, the number of licensing items for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment has been reduced to 755, with a reduction of 62%; The number of private enterprises licensed for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment has increased from less than 500 at the beginning of 2012 to 1,169, with an increase rate of over 130%.

　　In addition, after integration of defense and civilian technologies became a national strategy, the relevant state ministries and commissions successively issued a series of policies to deepen the reform of the military industry and promote the people’s participation in the army, which enabled more and more enterprises and institutions to enjoy the "institutional dividend" brought by integration of defense and civilian technologies, and changed from "I want to integrate" to "I want to integrate" in the past, and the highlights of key areas were frequent.

　　It only takes more than eight months from the time the user places an order to purchase and finally provides the launch service, and the carrying cost per kilogram of load is about 10,000 US dollars. The source of project funds depends on the extensive participation of private enterprises and commercial self-financing … … In January 2017, the "Kuaizhou No.1 A" small solid launch vehicle successfully put three satellites into orbit, which was a purely commercial space launch that operated in full accordance with the market mode.

　　Over the past five years, the awareness of integration of defense and civilian technologies in various fields has been continuously enhanced, and the atmosphere in integration of defense and civilian technologies has become increasingly strong.

　　3. The road to integration is deeper and wider.

　　National defense science, technology and industry is the key area of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development and an important part of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development strategy. Reform and deep integration have become the consensus of many military enterprises and military research institutes.

　　Easy-to-wear "air conditioning vest", automatic aiming "missile fire extinguishing" products, ground penetrating radar & HELIP for scanning underground pipelines; … These are the products of China Aerospace Science and Industry Group’s integration of defense and civilian technologies. The data shows that in 2016, the integration of defense and civilian technologies industry of Aerospace Science and Industry Group achieved operating income of 133.2 billion yuan, accounting for 65% of the total operating income, and the scale of integration of defense and civilian technologies industry has exceeded the overall operating income of the group company in 2012.

　　In the aerospace science and technology group, the conversion of aerospace technology to civilian use has become more and more common. The aerospace engineering company affiliated to the First Hospital independently developed the pressurized gasification technology of aerospace pulverized coal and a complete set of process packages, which is of great significance for developing "coal-to-oil" and ensuring oil supply in China in the future; Dongfanghong Aerospace Biological Company introduced Tianqu, Aerospace Oral Liquid, Aerospace Bone Protective Agent and other daily necessities closely related to the people. By the end of 2016, the civil industry revenue of Aerospace Science and Technology Group reached 128 billion yuan, accounting for half of the total revenue.

　　Integration of defense and civilian technologies is not only an act of rejuvenating the country, but also a strategy of strengthening the army. In recent years, CSIC’s major projects in integration of defense and civilian technologies have frequently attracted people’s attention.

　　Jiaolong. On June 13th, 2017, Jiaolong completed the last dive of China Dayang 38 voyage. In five years, CSIC plans to independently develop a manned submersible with a depth of 11,000 meters based on the technical achievements of existing deep-sea equipment, and complete the 10,000-meter dive.

　　Ship lift for the three gorges of the yangtze river. On September 18, 2016, the Yangtze River Three Gorges ship lift with the highest technical difficulty and the largest scale in the world officially started trial navigation. In the development of ship lift, CSIC has widely applied the management experience of large-scale military projects and a number of military technologies. The military is for civilian use and the achievements are shared, which shows integration of defense and civilian technologies’s concept of "sharing".

　　In addition to military enterprises, in the era of integration of defense and civilian technologies, the collaborative innovation modes of various subjects in the military and local areas are more diverse. In the past five years, innovation alliances, collaborative centers and innovation parks have sprung up everywhere.

　　Sichuan has become a trendsetter in integration of defense and civilian technologies with "four firsts": the first to set up a provincial-level integration of defense and civilian technologies development leading organization, the first to set up a provincial-level integration of defense and civilian technologies industrial development fund, the first to set up a provincial-level integration of defense and civilian technologies high-tech industrial alliance, and the first to establish a strategic cooperative relationship with the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau and all central military industrial groups.

　　The wind and thunder are moving, the flag is stirring, and the grand plan is set. Up to now, there are more than 20 state-level military-civilian industrial bases in Beijing, Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan and Sichuan. All-factor, multi-field and high-efficiency tide of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s deep development is coming.

　　Count these five years.

　　At present, the licensing items for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment are reduced to755Item, pressure reduction62%; Private enterprises licensed for scientific research and production of weapons and equipment are less than in early 2012.500Home has grown to1169Home, the growth rate exceeds130%.

　　In recent five years, China has continuously maintained its position as the largest shipbuilding country in the world, with shipbuilding completion, new orders and hand-held orders accounting for about the world share.40%.

　　In 2016, integration of defense and civilian technologies Industry of Aerospace Science and Industry Group achieved operating income.1332Billion yuan, accounting for the total operating income.65%Integration of defense and civilian technologies’s industrial scale exceeded the overall operating income of the group company in 2012.

　　(Reporter Ye Lefeng)

　　During the two sessions of the National People’s Congress this year, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader participated in the deliberation of the delegation many times and delivered important speeches on rural revitalization, innovation and entrepreneurship, which aroused enthusiastic response. This year’s "Government Work Report" puts forward "solidly promoting poverty alleviation and rural revitalization", "persisting in innovation to lead development", "deepening reform in key areas" and "promoting all-round opening up", which also clarifies the path for further promoting high-quality development.

　　The path has been set, and the focus is on implementation. From now on, this edition will launch a series of reports on "economic focus and implementation after the meeting", focusing on the fields of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", innovation-driven, deepening reform and opening up, and observing the experiences and ideas of various places in specific practice through on-the-spot visits by reporters, so please pay attention.

　　At the just-concluded two sessions of the National People’s Congress, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during the deliberation of the Henan delegation that the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made a major decision-making plan to implement the strategy of rural revitalization, which includes industrial revitalization, talent revitalization, cultural revitalization, ecological revitalization and organizational revitalization.

　　Rural revitalization is inseparable from the strong support of talents. In-depth implementation of the rural revitalization strategy requires a group of new professional farmers with knowledge and technology to take root in the countryside and deepen modern agriculture. According to statistics, there are more than 15 million new professional farmers in China at present, and 68.79% of the new professional farmers play a radiating role in driving the surrounding farmers. On average, each new professional farmer drives 30 farmers.

　　Where do new professional farmers come from? How to strengthen the cultivation of new professional farmers? This puts higher demands on the work of local governments. In Taicang, Jiangsu Province, a new type of professional farmers with knowledge, technology and management is gradually growing, which has injected fresh blood into the development of modern agriculture in Taicang.

　　Problem — —

　　Who will farm the land? How to plant good land?

　　Taicang ranks among the top 100 counties and cities in China all the year round. As a strong industrial city, why did it start large-scale new professional farmers training so early? Wen Ming, deputy director of Taicang Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, has been in charge of agriculture and rural areas for many years. Recalling the situation at that time, he was lost in thought.

　　Thanks to the rapid development of modern agriculture, Taicang was listed as a national demonstration area of modern agriculture as early as 2012, but at the same time, some problems and contradictions also emerged. "During our visit, we found that most of the farmers engaged in agricultural production at that time were over 50 years old, and there was a shortage of labor during the busy farming season. The agricultural labor force ‘ Part-time employment and aging ’ The phenomenon is more serious. When these people are old, who will plant the land? " Wen Ming said.

　　Ding Xinhong, deputy stationmaster of Shuangfeng Town Agricultural Technology Station, is also worried and thinking about this. He said that although there is no specific statistics, there are only a handful of farmers under the age of 40 in the town, and the basic farmers are old people in their 60 s and 70 s. "When promoting agricultural technology, older farmers are neither willing nor able to accept it, so I hope more young people will engage in agricultural production."

　　There are 2,200 mu of paddy fields in Donglin Village, Chengxiang Town. In the agricultural machinery warehouse in the village, all kinds of agricultural machinery and equipment are dazzling. Wang Linsheng, a 68-year-old local farmer, is an old tractor driver. When talking about the situation in previous years, he shook his head. "The old machinery has been eliminated, and many new machines have been introduced. There are many buttons with crooked foreign characters on them. Don’t say to operate, just look at it."

　　Technology and ideas are being updated, and there is a big gap in rural talents. "In this big environment, how to plant good land is another question about the sustainable development of modern agriculture in Taicang." Wen Ming said that in recent years, Taicang began to vigorously cultivate new professional farmers to meet the needs of modern agricultural development.

　　Cultivate — —

　　Learn the real skills, and the unit is rushing to ask for it.

　　On the ridge at the entrance of Donglin village, bundles of straw wrapped in white film are piled up, and an agricultural tractor is unfolding its rocker arm to "catch" the straw bag into the goods vehicle. Looking closer, the driver turned out to be a young man named Shan Yiyi, a post-95 generation. "After scientific treatment, these straws will be used to feed sheep." He said.

　　In June 2017, after graduating from Suzhou Agricultural Vocational and Technical College, Shan Yiyi came to donglin village Cooperative Farm and became a tractor driver here. "Working in the countryside is much harder than I expected. When I am busy, I have to get up at 3 am and start from home to go to the field for pesticide application."

　　When I first came, some people talked behind my back: "What industry is not good for college students? Do they have to be farmers?" However, Shan Yiyi has his own understanding. He said, "I am no longer a traditional farmer facing the loess. I deal with advanced machines every day and do technical work, so I am also very proud."

　　As early as 2013 and 2014, Taicang City, in conjunction with agricultural colleges and universities, adopted directional entrusted training for the first time in China to cultivate professional farmers. In the two phases, a total of 206 agricultural training students were recruited, and Shan Yiyi was one of them.

　　After learning the real skills, employers are scrambling to get them. At several job fairs held in Taicang City, these agricultural trainees were "robbed and emptied". The salary is not low either. Most of the basic salary exceeds 3,500 yuan, and the "five insurances and one gold" are paid, as well as the year-end bonus. Shan Yi calculated that in 2018, except for the five insurances and one gold deduction, he got a total of more than 60,000 yuan.

　　"The demand for rural talents is too great." Wang Mingwei, chief of the Science, Education and Information Section of Taicang Agriculture and Rural Bureau, lamented that 206 students were enrolled in the second phase, and 185 people are currently in agricultural posts (including front-line production, village management and other posts). "The effect is very good." He said that by 2020, Taicang plans to train another 200 agricultural trainees.

　　But even so, the scale is far from enough. In addition to directional training, Taicang City also focuses on continuing education and skills training, and comprehensively promotes the training of new professional farmers.

　　Tao Yudong, born in 1991, graduated from an agricultural school in Shanghai and went to Hongqiao Village, shaxi town to contract the farm to plant fruit trees. In 2016, the orchard encountered difficulties in management and technology. Just when Tao Yudong was at a loss, shaxi town Rural Work Bureau recommended him to participate in a new professional farmer skills training course held in Taicang City. Most of the teachers were top agricultural experts. Not only did he learn a lot of the latest agricultural technologies in class, but outside the classroom, the teachers were also responsive.

　　In 2017, a large area of pear rust appeared on the farm. Seeing that the harvest season was approaching, Tao Yudong was anxious, so he turned to the agricultural authorities in Taicang for help. Under their coordination, experts from Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences immediately led a team to the scene and came up with a detailed diagnosis and treatment plan. Soon, the rust spots on pears disappeared and his farm escaped a disaster.

　　Not long ago, Tao Yudong also received the "New Professional Farmer Certificate" issued by Taicang Agriculture Committee (now "Taicang Agriculture and Rural Bureau"), "Green notebook, stamped with red seal, held in his hand, has a special sense of pride." He said.

　　According to reports, since the Taicang Municipal Government listed the "New Professional Farmers Cultivation Project" as a practical project of the municipal government in 2013, by the end of 2018, Taicang had trained 21,207 farmers, and the proportion of farmers trained and certified farmers reached 78.23%. After years of hard work, Taicang has cultivated a team of young talents who understand agriculture, love the countryside and love farmers. Today, in Taicang City, there are 564 new professional farmers who have been certified to work. These people are not only in their prime of life, but also have a higher educational level.

　　Wen Ming said that in January this year, Taicang added 205 new professional farmers with certificates, including 63 with bachelor’s degree and 142 with junior college degree.

　　Take root — —

　　Down-to-earth work, the days are coming.

　　In the spring of March, the breeze Xu Lai, walking on the boulevard in shaxi town, the fragrance of strawberries came from the fields. In a picking garden in Banjing Village, Chen Yifan is taking care of strawberry fields.

　　Chen Yifan, 24 years old, went home from Suzhou Agricultural Vocational and Technical College to farm. Seeing the reporter coming, he enthusiastically picked a white strawberry and handed it to me. "This is my trial planting this year ‘ Snow White ’ Big head and good color, one can sell a lot of money. " Speak with pride on your face.

　　After graduating in 2017, Chen Yifan went to work in Banjing Village, but when he came here, he found that although the vegetable output of cooperative farm was high, the profit was average. For example, planting an acre of celery could only earn about 5,000 yuan.

　　After careful consideration, since the summer of 2018, Chen Yifan has used its own technical expertise to buy fruit and corn seeds for trial planting. Due to the proper cultivation method, a bumper harvest was achieved in the first year. A fruit corn can sell for 8 yuan, and the supply is in short supply. Chen Yifan calculated that an acre of fruit and corn can earn 45,000 yuan a year, and the economic benefits are extremely high. "Although farming is hard, it can also grow a sense of pride. As long as it is down-to-earth, the days will still be ahead." Chen Yifan said.

　　In the past three years, Tao Yudong, while attending agricultural skills training, has also improved the planting mode of green-skinned pears on the farm, and designed Y-shaped and petrel-shaped scaffolding, which not only doubled the yield per mu, but also enabled the products to be listed half a month in advance. In 2018, the fruit harvested by the farm reached more than 80,000 kilograms, four times that of three years ago.

　　Nowadays, in Taicang, more and more young people have become new professional farmers through training. "Being a farmer is also very proud and there is hope for farming" has become their consensus. "After training, the new professional farmers not only have a good technical foundation and strong acceptance, but also are full of passion and enthusiasm." Wen Ming said.

　　In the past few years, many outstanding new professional farmers have begun to emerge. These young people have not only helped the development of modern agriculture in Taicang, but also found a broad development space on the big stage of rural revitalization. (Reporter Wang Weijian)

11. What are the contraindications for vaccination?

A: At present, there are contraindications to any vaccination except rabies vaccine. The usual contraindications are those who are suffering from serious organ diseases, especially those in active stage; Acute infectious diseases are fever; Children with immune deficiency can’t be vaccinated with live vaccine because they are allergic to vaccine ingredients. When there are clear contraindications, it is really impossible to vaccinate, and vaccination should be carried out after the vaccinated object is ill.

12. Can vaccination guarantee that you will not get sick?

A: All vaccines have a certain protection rate, but due to the individual differences of the recipients, a few people will not have a protective effect after vaccination, and they may still get sick. Another case is the coupled disease. If the recipient happens to be in the incubation period of the disease targeted by the vaccine at the time of vaccination, the disease will still occur after vaccination without protective effect.

13. How to compensate for the abnormal reaction of vaccination?

A: Vaccination is a public health measure. While protecting the health of the vast majority of people, very few people bear the risk of abnormal reactions. Taking full account of the rights and interests of the recipients, the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination stipulates that those who have suffered serious damage due to abnormal reactions shall be given one-time compensation, and the specific compensation measures shall be formulated by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. The compensation expenses for abnormal reactions caused by Class I vaccines shall be arranged by the provincial finance, and those caused by Class II vaccines (self-funded vaccination) shall be borne by the production enterprises.

Abnormal reaction is inevitable because of the inherent characteristics of the vaccine itself; The occurrence of abnormal reaction is a small probability event; It is neither caused by vaccine quality problems nor by implementation errors, and no one is at fault. Through vaccination, an immune barry is established to protect that recipient and the people around the recipient. Therefore, it is not compensation to give certain economic compensation to the recipients.

14. Do you need routine screening before vaccination?

A: The contraindications of each vaccine are different and have their own special contraindications. General contraindications can only be judged by inquiry or simple physical examination, and it is impossible to screen all contraindications, and the screening cost is expensive; Routine screening of all contraindications before vaccination is not recommended internationally.

15. What will be the impact of public doubts about vaccine safety?

A: If the public’s confidence in vaccines and vaccination declines, it may lead parents of children to refuse to vaccinate their children. Without vaccination, the vaccination rate of the population will decrease, the immune barrier of the population will decrease, and the corresponding infectious diseases may break out.

For example, in Nigeria in August, 2003, some people claimed that polio vaccine (OPV) was unsafe and would lead to infertility of children in adulthood. This has led to the cessation of polio vaccination in two northern Nigerian States, and the proportion of polio vaccination in other States has also dropped significantly. As a result, polio broke out in northern Nigeria. The outbreak eventually paralyzed thousands of children in Nigeria and spread the disease to 19 other polio-free countries. Many children had to face the tragedy of lifelong disability, which could have been avoided by vaccination. In addition, countries such as Japan and Britain have also resisted vaccination because of the dissemination of false information about vaccination. The consequence is that there is an immune gap and a loophole in the immune barrier of the population, which leads to the outbreak of vaccines against infectious diseases.

16. What problems should parents pay attention to before children are vaccinated?

A: Parents should take their children to qualified vaccination clinics recognized by government departments for vaccination. Before vaccination, they should truthfully provide the vaccinators with the health status of the recipients so that the staff can judge whether they can be vaccinated. Parents should pay special attention to whether their children have acute diseases, allergies, immune insufficiency, nervous system diseases, etc., and cooperate with vaccination under the guidance of vaccinators. For example, before the newborn is vaccinated, parents need to cooperate with the vaccinators, do a good job in inquiring about the newborn’s health status and general health examination, and provide the newborn’s health status, including whether it is full-term delivery at birth, birth weight, newborn birth score, congenital birth defects, whether it is suffering from a certain disease, etc., so that the vaccinators can correctly grasp the contraindications of vaccination and decide whether to vaccinate. If you find anything suspicious after vaccination, you should immediately consult the vaccination staff and seek medical treatment if necessary, so as to get timely and correct treatment.

17. Under what circumstances are children not suitable for vaccination?

A: Acute disease: If parents find that their children have a fever, especially those with a fever above 37.6℃, or children with other obvious symptoms at the same time, they should suspend vaccination. After the child recovers and nursed back to health for a period of time, he will be vaccinated. In addition, if the child is in the onset or recovery period of an acute disease, or in the acute attack period of a chronic disease, the vaccination should be postponed until the child recovers.

Allergic constitution: individual children have allergic constitution, which is easily ignored by parents. Children with allergic constitution may occasionally cause allergic reactions after vaccination, resulting in adverse reactions. The so-called allergic constitution refers to children’s repeated contact with a certain substance, which is prone to allergic reactions and corresponding symptoms, among which allergic skin rash is the most common. If it is found that allergic reactions have occurred in the past, vaccination should be stopped.

Immune insufficiency: It is generally believed that children’s immune insufficiency is not only worse than that of healthy people after vaccination, but also easy to cause adverse reactions, especially when vaccinated with live vaccines. Serious immune insufficiency includes immune deficiency (such as agammaglobulinemia/hypogammaglobulinemia), leukemia, lymphoma, malignant tumor and so on. If children are prone to recurrent bacterial or viral infections, often accompanied by symptoms such as fever, rash and lymphadenopathy after infection, the possibility of immune insufficiency should be suspected, and special care should be taken when vaccinating.

Nervous system diseases: It is dangerous for people with nervous system diseases to get some vaccines, so it has been confirmed that children with nervous system diseases, such as epilepsy, encephalopathy, hysteria, encephalitis sequela, convulsions or convulsions, should be carefully vaccinated under the guidance of doctors.

18. What is the probability of coupling disease during vaccination?

A: Take children’s coupled illness as an example. According to the survey of health service demand in China, the two-week prevalence rate of children aged 0-4 years old is 17.4%. Therefore, even if the vaccination is safe, about 17 children out of every 100 vaccinated children will suffer from other diseases in the next two weeks. Although the diseases have nothing to do with vaccination, they are easily misunderstood as abnormal reactions to vaccination because the time is closely related to vaccination. Take the coupled death of newborns vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine as an example. The mortality rate of newborns (0-28 days) in China is 10.7‰, and the number of children born every year in China is about 16 million. Based on this calculation, about 170,000 newborns die every year in China, which means about 466 newborns die every day. According to the regulations of China’s hepatitis B vaccine immunization program, hepatitis B vaccine should be vaccinated within 24 hours after children are born. Based on the national vaccination rate of the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine in time (within 24 hours after birth) of 75%, about 350 newborn deaths are vaccinated every day, that is, there may be 350 cases of coupled deaths in newborns vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine every day in China.

19. How do we classify vaccines in vaccination management in China?

A: According to the Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination promulgated by the State Council in 2005, vaccines are divided into two categories in China.

The first category of vaccines refers to vaccines provided by the government to citizens free of charge, which citizens should receive in accordance with government regulations, including vaccines determined by the national immunization plan, vaccines added by the people’s governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the implementation of the national immunization plan, and vaccines used for emergency vaccination or mass vaccination organized by the people’s governments at or above the county level or their health authorities. The second category of vaccines refers to other vaccines that are inoculated by citizens at their own expense and voluntarily.

Incorporating the second type of vaccine into the first type of vaccine mainly considers the degree of harm to public health caused by diseases that can be prevented by the vaccine, the effect and safety of the vaccine, the production and supply capacity of domestic vaccines and the financial burden of the government. The first kind of vaccines are generally used to prevent common infectious diseases that seriously endanger children’s health, infectious diseases with relatively high morbidity and mortality in China, and diseases that are generally included in immunization programs in other countries and diseases that are eliminated or controlled globally.

20. What are the management requirements for vaccination services?

A: The Regulations on the Administration of Vaccine Circulation and Vaccination promulgated by the State Council in 2005 stipulates that the medical and health institutions designated by the health authorities of the people’s governments at the county level in accordance with the regulations shall undertake the vaccination work. Vaccination units are required to have a medical institution’s practice license, a practicing physician, a practicing assistant physician, a nurse or a rural doctor who has passed the vaccination professional training organized by the health department of the people’s government at the county level and passed the examination, and a cold storage facility, equipment and a cold storage system that meet the standards for vaccine storage and transportation management.

In order to standardize the vaccination management, the former Ministry of Health promulgated the Code for Vaccination Work, together with the State Food and Drug Administration, promulgated the Code for the Management of Vaccine Storage and Transportation, and also formulated a series of rules and regulations, which set clear technical requirements for vaccine planning, warehousing management, cold chain management and vaccination services. According to local needs, local health administrative departments have formulated corresponding working rules and organized daily work assessment.

Cdc centers at all levels are responsible for technical guidance of vaccination and immunization planning, and undertake the monitoring and control of vaccines against diseases, formulation of vaccine demand plan of national immunization planning, management and maintenance of cold chain, distribution and guidance of vaccines, monitoring of suspected abnormal reactions to vaccination, monitoring of vaccination rate, personnel training and social publicity and mobilization. Grass-roots vaccination units are responsible for the vaccine and cold chain management of their own units, establish vaccination certificates and vaccination cards for school-age children, and provide vaccination services in accordance with the immunization procedures formulated by the state.

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So far, the top three domestic box offices.

1905 movie network news 　　According to statistics, as ofeightmoontwelveJapan Saturday,2017The cumulative box office in the mainland has broken through in.364Compared with the same period last year, the total growth rate is close.55Billion. Among them, domestic films performed strongly at the beginning of the year and in the summer — — With the help of waiting for the film, the Spring Festival filesevenTianjingtun33Billion,seven、eightThe moon was born again.Wolf Warriors2》And other explosive works. Finally, accumulate28More than 100 million domestic films won183Billion box office, in the past weekend, the successful realization of imported films.181The overtaking of billions of data.

　

Domestic films surpassed imported films "Wolf Warriors 2" and "Fast 8" in the box office.

　

In 2017, the mainland box office had exceeded 36.4 billion as of the evening of August 12, a substantial increase of nearly 5.5 billion compared with the same period last year. Among them, domestic films made more than 18.3 billion at the box office, higher than the 18.1 billion imported films. From the analysis of specific data, the peak of the market appeared in February, and the box office in that month climbed to 6.18 billion with the help of many films in the Spring Festival. In the week of the Spring Festival holiday alone, the mainland market swallowed more than 3.3 billion. The summer file that just passed followed in July with 5.04 billion yuan, and the box office increased by nearly 500 million yuan year-on-year. Domestic films are also the most outstanding in these two periods, and almost all the top ten box office paintings are concentrated in this period.

　

The overall box office climb is also inseparable from the performance of a single film. As of press time, in 2017, 54 of the new films released in the mainland exceeded 100 million at the box office and 12 exceeded 1 billion. Of the over 100 million films, domestic films account for 28, with a slightly higher proportion than imported films. There is no doubt that the champion of the overall list is the record-breaking Wolf Warriors 2, with a single contribution of more than 4 billion at the box office, while the champion of imported films is 2.67 billion at the box office, and Kung Fu Yoga starring Jackie Chan ranks third with 1.75 billion.

National Day movies are highly competitive.

　

The National Day file and the New Year file are ready to go. The annual box office is 50 billion or no suspense.

　

In August, "Wolf Warriors 2" rewrote the long-lost box office record in film history, and became the new overlord of the mainland film market with an unshakable 4.2 billion box office. At the same time, the film’s hot performance also detonated the summer file that was slightly weak in the first half and revitalized the market. Such a strong momentum naturally makes us have more expectations for the film market in the second half of the year.

　

According to the news that has been exposed so far, there are many kinds of Chinese films that will meet the audience in the second half of the year, including modern military themes that are favored by the market at present, comedies and fantasy films that have always been popular with the audience.

　

In addition, several film directors — — Xiaogang Feng, Chen Kaige and Yuan Heping will all return to the battlefield with their works. Xiaogang Feng’s new film will be the first to be released during the National Day. The film is based on the cultural and art troupe in the 70 s and 80 s, restoring the former director memories of youth; At the end of the year, Chen Kaige’s works and those directed by Yuan Heping and supervised by Tsui Hark are scheduled. The former is based on the story of a demon cat stirring Chang ‘an in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, while the latter focuses on a fantastic Jianghu adventure in the Uber-ridden era.

　

Judging from the release time, the above-mentioned Chinese works will strongly occupy the National Day file and the New Year file, which are also the two most important golden files in the mainland film market in the second half of the year. According to the current growth trend of the broader market, with the strong help of the National Day and New Year movies, it is very likely that the total box office will exceed 50 billion in 2017.

　　"Time has taken away youth, and years have eroded pride. Once a teenager, he is now in a hospital bed. This is the life course that each of us must go through. When you are old, who will be with you … …” The reading of this sitcom is straightforward, and it also puts forward a realistic and urgent proposition: providing for the elderly.

　　A few days ago, the sitcom "Sunflower", which was performed by the "post-90 s" nurses in Hudong Nursing Home for the Aged in Yangpu District, was performed in Shanghai for some medical staff. Sunflower tells the true story of young nurses in this nursing home for the aged. Here, the "post-90 s" nurse team is the main force of nursing, and 13 young girls account for half of the nursing staff in the hospital. The oldest is 27 years old and the youngest is 23 years old. They take care of another group of "post-90 s", those old people in their eighties and nineties.

　　When you treat the old man as your closest relative, your fear will dissipate.

　　"My name is Ni Luyan, born in 1991, and I have worked in Hudong Nursing Home for the Aged for six years. Perhaps it is because I took care of my grandparents who were lying in bed since I was a child. When I filled in my volunteers for the senior high school entrance examination, I did not hesitate to choose the nursing major of Yangpu Health School. " Ni Luyan said that after graduation, she was assigned to Hudong Nursing Home for the Aged as she wished, and faced more "grandfathers and grandmothers" and found that "reality is not a fairy tale".

　　In this nursing home for the aged, the average age of the elderly is 85, and there are many elderly people in their 90s. Most of them suffer from chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes and sequelae of cerebral infarction, which lead to disability and dementia of the elderly. They have little ability to express clearly and lack the necessary reaction ability. This is the biggest difference between nursing homes and nursing homes.

　　Grandma Xu in a ward is a patient who is difficult to care for by Ni Luyan. When she was admitted to hospital because of sequelae of cerebral infarction, her face was very thin and she had many pressure sores on her body. Blister sores are particularly easy to break, as long as they are broken, the wound will be eroded. When the illness was serious, Grandma Xu had as many as 16 blisters all over her body, and 40% of her skin was broken. Broken blister sores are often accompanied by thick yellow liquid flowing out, giving off a pungent smell.

　　The smell made the elderly living in the same ward ask for a room change, and the nursing staff resigned one after another. Even the family members of the elderly did not want to stay long, so they left with a few words during the visit … … All this, the old man saw in his eyes, so he has been depressed and unwilling to cooperate with the treatment.

　　"When these strangers are regarded as close relatives, the inexplicable fear and loss will be dispelled by a determination." Ni Luyan took care of the elderly.

　　The stench of wound ulceration is prohibitive. Ni Luyan and her colleagues wear "thickened masks" with multiple layers of gauze. More than 50 pieces of gauze are used for each dressing change, and it takes an hour or two. They keep bending and standing for an hour or two, and concentrate on treating the wound. In order to make the old people clean and comfortable without peculiar smell, this group of nurses should change the medicine for Grandma Xu at least twice a day, four or five times a day. Dressing in winter, the elderly are afraid of the cold, and several nurses set up a "small tent" on the hospital bed with quilts and bamboo poles to keep warm and avoid the contact between broken skin and clothes.

　　Everything comes to him who waits, and with continuous nursing, the blister gradually closes up until it disappears. A smile appears on the lost old man’s face, and he jokes and amuses with the nurse every day, just like a different person.

　　The "painter" nurse painted 200 pictures in five years, knocking on the soft heart of the old man.

　　What is the most important thing in nursing work? Fu Rong, a young nurse, blurted out, "Skilled." Bu Lina, the head nurse of Hudong Geriatric Nursing Home in Yangpu District, smiled and shook her head and said, "It is the temperature passed down from hand to hand."

　　In this nursing home for the aged, there is also a "painter" nurse. Her name is Zhang Yuan.

　　"For most patients in our nursing home, healing and rehabilitation seem to be distant dreams, and their emotions are inevitably pessimistic and disappointed." Zhang Yuan picked up a childhood brush, and painting played a strange role here.

　　Grandpa Shi in the second ward is 86 years old, like an "old child". He especially likes to eat beef jerky, spiced beans and scallion cakes. He comes to everyone. The problem is that he has diabetes and can’t keep his mouth shut, which is going to cause trouble.

　　Once, on the birthday of Wang Apo in the next ward, several nurses bought a cake for the old man. Grandpa Shi looked at it, staring at the cake with his eyes fixed on it.

　　When the old man was young, he loved to eat commander Kay’s fresh milk cake. When he was old, he was sick and couldn’t eat it. Knowing this story, Zhang Yuan painted the old man’s favorite cake, colorful flowers, strawberries, cherries, yellow peaches and other fruits, and there was a bow next to the cake. I didn’t expect this to become a spiritual sustenance for the elderly! It turns out that the old man’s daughter now lives abroad, and the old man often ties a bow to his daughter’s braid when he is young.

　　"The old people who live in nursing homes are most looking forward to the companionship of their loved ones and the visits of their children." Zhang Yuan said. Li Nainai’s son is very busy at work. The old man doesn’t talk, but he often stares at his mobile phone. Zhang Yuan made two cards for her, one with a cartoon image of her son and the other with a photo of Li Nainai. When the old man received the card, he cried with joy and kept saying, "Like! Really like! " The old man put the card on the bed and said that he missed his son. Looking at the card gave him comfort and sustenance.

　　Grandpa Chen has lost his language function because of a cerebral infarction, and sometimes he is not conscious, but as long as his wife comes, he will try his best to support himself and see that their feelings are very good. But his wife is too old to come every day. Grandpa Chen often asks the nurse to call her, and then tries to get close to the receiver and listen to her voice.

　　The sincere feelings of the old people moved Zhang Yuan and her colleagues. Zhang Yuan specially posted a photo of the old couple on his painting, painted the appearance of the head nurse calling, and wrote "Hold your hand and grow old with your son".

　　During more than five years in Hudong Nursing Home, Zhang Yuan gave about 200 paintings to his grandparents. "Behind every painting, there is a story, a sustenance and a desire." She said so.

　　The problem of providing for the aged comes to the fore, and the "post-90 s" holds up everyone’s tomorrow

　　"Chaoyang" guards the "sunset", and such a warm-hearted picture is staged every day in Hudong Nursing Home for the Aged. This is not a microcosm of the social pension proposition.

　　Shao Guihua is 86 years old, and his wife, Xu Zhengtai, is 91 years old. Because of cerebral infarction, he is paralyzed and can’t take care of himself. In January 2016, the old man first lived in Hudong Senior Care Home.

　　As the saying goes, the golden nest and the silver nest are not as good as their own grass nest. When their wife is sick, she has to live in a nursing home. Shao Guihua has concerns. When she sees that most of them are post-90 s nurses, she even drums. "If not, go home."

　　What she didn’t expect was that it took only half a year from "trying to live" to "staying" and now "loving to live". She said that the sincere help of nurses made her feel at home, what’s more, she really couldn’t take care of it herself — — — She is also an old man who is running for nine.

　　"When the families of the patients we are facing are already old people, we know very well that the pace of an aging society is getting closer and closer." "How can 200 beds explore a better and more realistic pension model?" In Hudong Nursing Home for the Aged, the reporter heard such thoughts.

　　As the only public nursing institution for the aged in Yangpu District, Hudong Geriatric Nursing Home is currently exploring "2+1" (second-class hospital+first-class hospital), "combination of medical care and nursing" and other new nursing modes for the aged, including remote nursing and home-based care.

　　Everyone will grow old. In the future, it will not only be the "post-90s" but also the "post-90s" and "post-10th" who will take care of the elderly. Now, every post-90s is not only the sunset today, but also our hope for tomorrow. (Reporter Tang Wenjia)

　　This report is made in accordance with Article 50 of the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information in People’s Republic of China (PRC) (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information).

　　I. General situation

　　In 2020, in order to further implement the government information disclosure work and provide better government information disclosure services, we will conscientiously implement the new development concept under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, adhere to the basic principle of openness and transparency, and guarantee the people’s right to know, participate and supervise, so as to facilitate citizens, legal persons or other organizations to obtain it according to law. Conscientiously do a good job in voluntary disclosure, disclosure according to application, government information management, platform construction, supervision and guarantee, expand the scope of disclosure, improve the disclosure mechanism, and provide guarantee for building a service-oriented government.

　　(a) take the initiative to disclose the situation

　　First, strengthen and improve the main channels of publicity. Through holding party group meetings and government information disclosure work meetings for many times, we explored new forms of information disclosure policies, implemented new requirements of relevant work, constantly improved and improved the supervision mechanism of various assessment indicators, formulated practical implementation plans, and implemented the information disclosure work to full-time staff of departments to ensure the effective implementation of government information disclosure work, so that the government information disclosure work progressed smoothly and without errors. In 2020, 10,246 pieces of information were voluntarily disclosed on the website of Fengtai District Government, 4,695 pieces of information were voluntarily disclosed by Weibo, 2,500 pieces of information were voluntarily disclosed by Beijing Fengtai WeChat WeChat official account, 4,784 pieces of information were voluntarily disclosed by the client of Beijing Fengtai, 446 pieces of information were voluntarily disclosed by WeChat official account in today’s headline, and WeChat official account was released by Aauto Quicker Fengtai. The second is to strengthen the top-level design, print and distribute "Main Points of Government Affairs Openness in Fengtai District in 2020" and "Decomposition of Key Tasks in the Region", clarify the guiding ideology, basic principles, work objectives and important paths of government affairs openness in the new era, and form a long-term working mechanism for information submission, recording, disclosure and archiving.

　　(two) according to the application for public handling.

　　In 2020, the whole region received a total of 1,056 applications for government information disclosure, and 969 applications were completed, with 100 carried forward from the previous year and 87 carried forward to the next year. Judging from the handling results: 281 cases were made public; 35 pieces were partially disclosed; 59 pieces were not made public; Unable to provide 526 pieces; 54 cases were not handled; Others handled 14 pieces.

　　(three) the standardization and management of government information resources.

　　According to Article 2 of the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information, government information refers to information produced or obtained by administrative organs in the process of performing administrative functions, and recorded and preserved in a certain form. The disclosure of government information takes two ways: voluntary disclosure and application disclosure.

　　Active disclosure. All units shall dynamically update the full list of voluntary disclosure and the government information disclosure guide in strict accordance with the requirements of the Regulations on the Openness of Government Information, so as to ensure that the channels and contents of government information disclosure are accurate and detailed, and facilitate the public to obtain accurate government information. The website of the district government has opened "Five Openings" related columns, and all units disclose the corresponding government information for the public to understand and facilitate public affairs in accordance with the requirements of openness in decision-making, implementation, management, service and results. Before formulating policy documents, solicit opinions from the public through the collection column of policy documents on the website of the district government, so as to improve the scientific nature of policy formulation. Publish the catalogue of administrative normative documents registered by the district government on a monthly basis. Regularly transfer normative documents to relevant municipal departments. Regularly disclose the implementation of government affairs to the public through columns such as important livelihood projects on the website of the district government. Through government announcements and government standing Committee columns, the government management information of district governments and district-level units is announced to the public. Publicize the service information of individuals, legal persons and departments through the government service section. Publicize the results of administrative licensing, administrative coercion, administrative punishment and other information through the credit service section.

　　According to the application disclosure. Handle the disclosure of government information according to the law and regulations, summarize the key points of accepting the application in the current month on a monthly basis, continue to promote the transformation of government information from application to active disclosure, and improve the level of government information disclosure in the whole region. Organize and release the laws and regulations, judicial interpretations, trial regulations of the High Court, as well as the laws and departmental rules and court precedents that are often used in practical work to all units in the region, so as to improve the legal literacy of the personnel of each unit who handle applications and improve their ability to handle documents according to applications.

　　(four) the construction of government information disclosure platform

　　Actively disclose the platform construction. In terms of decision-making, the website of the district government has set up a column for soliciting opinions on policy documents, and all units need to solicit opinions from the public through this column before formulating policies. In terms of publicity, columns such as important livelihood projects were opened, and the progress of various livelihood projects was publicized quarterly. In terms of management publicity, the government executive meeting column was opened to make the meeting contents of the district government executive meeting public. In terms of service disclosure and results disclosure, the intermediary service column was opened to disclose the intermediary service institutions and specific intermediary service matters of each unit to the public.

　　Publicize the platform construction according to the application. In order to improve the efficiency of all units in the region to disclose applications and better serve the masses, the district government is actively promoting the construction of a district-level application-based disclosure platform. Relying on the platform can achieve accurate retrieval of application content, strengthen departmental linkage, facilitate information retrieval, shorten the waiting time for people to obtain government information, reduce the waste of resources of administrative organs, and improve the efficiency of all units in the region in handling applications; For different types of application content, the staff can carry out special study to improve the application skills of corresponding answers; All kinds of laws and regulations related to information disclosure, judicial interpretations, trial regulations of the High Court, and precedents of information disclosure cases published by the platform can enable all units to realize open self-study upon application and improve the professional ability of staff.

　　(five) the supervision and protection of government information disclosure and education and training.

　　The first is to strengthen business training. In order to improve ideological understanding, enhance the sense of responsibility, standardize the work of government information disclosure, and improve the professional level of government information disclosure, in 2020, the whole region will carry out two centralized trainings on government information disclosure. The training mainly focuses on the specific requirements of government information disclosure, legal application and matters needing attention, combined with specific practical cases, targeted analysis and explanation, and training from theoretical support and effective work skills. Carry out various forms of regular training, through video conferencing, WeChat group centralized Q&A, etc., carry out the training of open business according to application in stages, and carry out centralized training as appropriate to improve the professional quality of government information disclosure of staff in the whole region.

　　The second is to strengthen business supervision. Strengthen the overall planning of the disclosure of applications in this district, take the initiative to understand the difficulties encountered in the disclosure of applications by all units, complete a round of active contact work for the disclosure of applications by all units in the district every quarter, and guide and solve the problems in the disclosure of applications by all units. Smooth all kinds of application acceptance channels of all departments in the region, and conduct full coverage inspection on the electronic acceptance channels publicized in the information disclosure guide of all units every quarter.

　　(six) the results of work assessment, social appraisal and accountability.

　　Check the government information disclosure work of all units in the whole region every quarter, and incorporate the government information disclosure work into the performance appraisal at the end of the year. No accountability in Fengtai District in 2020.

　　Second, the initiative to disclose government information

　　Iii. Receiving and handling applications for government information disclosure

　　Four, the government information disclosure of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation.

　　Five, the main problems and improvement of government information disclosure work.

　　(1) Main problems

　　First, there is a lack of active publicity awareness and low publicity efficiency. Due to the epidemic situation or lack of energy, the information update is overtime. The staff of some units are not aware of publicity, and the disclosure of government information is not timely, which affects the smoothness of public access to government information and the efficiency of policy answers. Second, there is a lack of quality information and the quality of information disclosure is poor. Some units pursue the quantity of information release too much and ignore the necessity and practicability of public information. It is not conducive to the long-term development of government information disclosure. The third is the lack of innovation. At present, some platforms with little reading, poor interaction and low attention lack the creativity and content of keeping pace with the times, which makes the normalization of public work slow and the utilization rate of audience groups low.

　　(II) Improvement situation

　　The first is to enhance the awareness of active publicity. Clarify the importance of openness and normalization, focus on combing the areas where government information disclosure involves people’s livelihood and development planning, and set up special columns on the website of the district government for regular maintenance and update. In each quarter, the city (district) third-party assessment agencies after the assessment, according to the assessment results for special rectification, and the rectification results will be included in the year-end performance appraisal. Through online and offline study and analysis, each unit has made public cases according to its application, especially typical cases that triggered reconsideration litigation, conducted in-depth study and discussion, and put forward optimization and improvement measures.

　　The second is to implement public work responsibilities. Strengthen self-examination and supervision of information disclosure websites. Carry out real-time supervision and self-examination around the website of the district government and new government media, and regularly sort out and analyze the requirements and standards for publicity. Improve the interactivity of policy answers and the satisfaction rate of the masses. And set up a special governance team for real-time monitoring and timely rectification.

　　The third is to broaden the form of information disclosure. According to the requirements of the municipal government affairs service bureau on the index of government website construction, in addition to completing the standardization adjustment of the website pages of the district government, the website interaction and policy answering functions are enriched. In terms of interaction, make full use of the website special column to collect high-quality suggestions and enhance the innovative service ability. In terms of policy interpretation, the practicality of policy document interpretation is strictly required to avoid the situation of "copy and paste" interpretation, further improve the practicality of policy interpretation, and ensure that the enterprise masses can understand and understand it well. In terms of public participation, we will make full use of various forms such as press conference, conference opening system, government affairs open day, Weibo, WeChat and APP client to disclose government information, improve the coverage of government information, and enhance the recognition and support of enterprises for government work.

　　Vi. Other matters that need to be reported

　　If you want to know more about Fengtai District Government in Beijing, please visit the website of Fengtai District People’s Government in Beijing or pay attention to "Beijing Fengtai" Weibo, WeChat WeChat official account, today’s headline WeChat official account and the client, "Fengtai released" Aauto Quicker and Tik Tok WeChat official account.

　　Recently, it is rumored that the site of "abandoned hill" was accidentally dug up and destroyed during the construction of Xi ‘an subway. This paper not only analyzes that archaeological work is the "culprit" that delays the construction of subway, but also ridicules the Cultural Relics Bureau for going to work like a grave and being busy with cultural relics of little value. For a time, the protection of cultural relics was pushed to the forefront.

　　The site was discovered by accident? Will subway construction destroy cultural relics? Archaeologists are too busy to hastily dispose of unimportant cultural relics? Metro Line 5 needs to be temporarily rerouted? ……………………… Recently, 208 Fang contacted the Xi ‘an Cultural Relics Bureau and conducted an interview on related hot issues.

　　This information is not true

　　The net is ridiculous, and some mainstream media also follow suit. Under the internet profit model of "traffic is revenue", some communicators consciously or unconsciously get caught up in the reading volume of "100,000+",attract their attention with scary headlines such as "subway construction destroys cultural relics" and cover up the truth with inflammatory words such as "disposing of cultural relics at will". At first glance, the humorous style of writing is very lively, but it conveys the wrong information and misleads the public.

　　Behind the onlookers of this incident, not only the curiosity of the public was aroused, but also the public’s high concern for urban construction and cultural relics protection and the continuous improvement of cultural relics protection awareness. So, what are rumors? What about the real cultural protection work?

　　Proverbs 1: Does subway shield construction hurt cultural relics?

　　Truth: "Sorry, we are not in the same dimension."

　　According to archaeological data and investigation, the burial depth of ancient sites and tombs in the urban area of Xi ‘an is generally not more than 10 meters, while the subway shield construction is 10-mdash; It is less than 18 meters, so it will not "meet" with cultural relics. What about harm? There are large and deep ancient tombs outside the city, but the subway shield operation area is mostly carried out under the built roads and buildings, and these areas have carried out cultural relics exploration and archaeological excavation in advance during the road and building construction in the past, and it is difficult for the shield to encounter cultural relics.

　　Truth: "Don’t treat the cultural relics department as a small transparency."

　　Every subway in Xi ‘an has been "online" from line planning to construction. When planning, the subway line has evaded the known important sites; Before the construction, archaeological exploration will be carried out on the subway excavation sites and dispatching stations; When archaeological exploration reveals a site or an ancient tomb, archaeological excavation should be carried out first; After the archaeological work, the construction began. Planning, exploration, excavation and protection all have a set of strict process specifications.

　　"Before the construction of all projects in Xi’ an and the government’s land transfer, they must go through archaeological exploration and cover the whole city, which is rare in the country." Wang Zili, vice president of Xi ‘an Institute of Archaeology for Cultural Relics Protection, said that the implementation of "archaeological pre-positioning" has avoided the destruction of cultural relics in urban development and construction to the greatest extent. The so-called "accidental" discovery by netizens is just the inevitable result of archaeological work.

　　Proverbs 3: Metro Line 5 will be temporarily rerouted?

　　The truth: "The relevant personnel are ignorant: Why didn’t I know?"

　　In fact, as early as 2016, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute confirmed and discovered the site of Dongmafang, a "Sanpu" cultural relic, in cooperation with the archaeological exploration of Qinhuang Avenue project in Xixian New Area. From July to November, 2018, the Epang Palace and Shanglinyuan Archaeological Team, which were jointly formed by the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Xi ‘an Institute of Cultural Relics Protection Archaeology, excavated the project land with an area of 9,402 square meters, and found 3 rammed earth building foundations, 23 cleaning wells, 15 stoves, 73 ash pits, 5 modern pits, 1 tomb and 25 anatomical ditches. According to archaeological excavations and documents, and through expert argumentation, it is preliminarily judged that the cultural remains here may be the capital of Yong Wang Zhang Han, one of the Three Qin Dynasties — — Abandoned mound site. Due to the large scope of this site, it partially involves the line between Ximafang Station and Convention Center Station in the second phase of Metro Line 5. In December of the same year, the cultural relics department and the subway department organized experts to study the fine-tuning scheme of the subway line involving this area, and now the technical scheme has been formulated and reported.

　　In the construction of Xi ‘an Metro Line 2, a series of scientific and effective technical measures were taken for the subway to pass through the cultural relics buildings such as Xi ‘an City Wall and Bell Tower, such as adopting two-way bypass, increasing buried depth, shield construction, controlling settlement, adopting underground excavation method and seamless connection, which has reference significance for the cultural relics protection in subway construction in other parts of China and has been affirmed by National Cultural Heritage Administration.

　　Proverbs 4: There are too many cultural relics in Xi ‘an, so you will hastily dispose of less important cultural relics?

　　Truth: "Equal treatment, the road is not wild."

　　Archaeological excavation should be carried out for the underground cultural relics found, and it needs to go through the steps of applying for excavation license, site excavation and cleaning, photography, surveying and mapping, site protection, reinforcement, registration number, packaging and extraction of cultural relics. "Like surgery, no matter how big or small, there are no fewer procedural steps. We should extract all the information and not deal with it rashly." Tang Long, director of the Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology Department of Xi ‘an Cultural Relics Bureau, said that the protection of cultural relics is a national interest, and all archaeological excavations are treated equally, but the final display methods will be different.

　　After all, there are currently 3,246 immovable cultural relics registered in Xi ‘an, 52 national key cultural relics protection units, 108 provincial cultural relics protection units, and 264 city (county) cultural relics protection units ….. There are a large number, wide distribution and high level of cultural relics resources, which determines that the cultural protection work in Xi ‘an must be protected and displayed according to laws, regulations, steps and points.

　　Truth: "Cultural relics workers are explorers who restore history."

　　Tang Long told Fang Mei that archaeological work focuses on the first two of the three philosophical propositions — — "who am I" and "where do I come from". Archaeology is the basic work for the protection of cultural relics, and the material evidence provided by archaeology is the "just visiting" that connects the ancients and modern people, and enables modern people to intuitively feel the production and life scenes of the ancients and the splendid culture created.

　　"Before I have been to Sanxingdui, I can’t clearly understand what a" long-sighted "person is; Only after seeing the beautiful grape, flower, bird and silver sachet unearthed in hejia village cellar can we perceive the outstanding production technology and scientific and technological development level of the Tang Dynasty … "When it comes to unearthed cultural relics, Tang Long talked about it.

　　It is such a group of unknown archaeological explorers and guardians of cultural relics that cultural relics buried underground for thousands of years can wipe away the dust of history and glow with brand-new brilliance.

　　Babies buried along the subway

　　Fang Mei learned that the archaeological work of Xi ‘an Metro Line 2, Line 1, Line 3 and Line 4 has been completed, and these four subways have been completed and opened to traffic. The second phase of Line 5, Line 6 and Line 1, which are under construction, are all carrying out archaeological exploration and excavation. So, what are the archaeological discoveries along these subways?

　　Line two

　　A total of 174 ancient tombs were excavated along the subway that runs through the north-south axis of Xi ‘an city center. The tombs are small in scale and low in grade, and most of them belong to civilian tombs. Unearthed cultural relics are also very common, mainly pottery. Tombs are mainly distributed at the north and south ends of Line 2, especially in Zhangjiabao area in the northern suburb, and the burial times are mostly in the Western Han Dynasty. At the southern end of Line 2, the line passes through the ancient tomb area of Fengqiyuan in the southern suburbs of Xi ‘an, and the tombs of Han and Ming dynasties are mainly found.

　　On Line 1 (Houweizhai-Textile City Section), five ancient tombs were found, belonging to Han and Tang Dynasties. Among them, Kangfu Road subway station found one tomb of Tang Dynasty, Tonghua Gate (Jinhua Road) station found one ancient tomb, Wanshou Road station found two ancient tombs, and Textile City station found one ancient tomb.

　　Line 3

　　From 2013 to 2015, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute conducted archaeological exploration, among which 36 modern tombs and 6 wells were found in the depot of the port area. No ancient sites and tombs were found.

　　Line 4

　　From May to October, 2015, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute excavated 34 ancient tombs in Aerospace New Town Depot, including 8 tombs of Han Dynasty, 2 tombs of Northern Dynasty, 17 tombs of Tang Dynasty, 1 tomb of Ming Dynasty and 6 tombs of Qing Dynasty. A total of 263 cultural relics were unearthed. Of the 34 ancient tombs, 32 were stolen before archaeological exploration and excavation. In addition, in June 2016, Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute excavated two Han tombs at Daming Palace Station.

　　Metro Line 5 and Line 6 are under construction, and Xi ‘an Archaeological Institute is carrying out archaeological exploration in the excavation area of the station enclosure along the line and the parking lot of the depot. Recently, a Han tomb was excavated in the north of Muta Temple Park in cooperation with the construction of Science and Technology Sixth Road Station on Line 6.

　　What is the coffee spot of Xi ‘an cultural relics system in China?

　　Xi ‘an is a city built on a thousand-year-old historic site. Since the 11th century BC, when Fenghao, the capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty, was established, Xi ‘an has a history of 3,100 years of urban development. Thirteen dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted for more than 1,100 years. It is also known as the "four historical ancient capitals" together with Cairo, Athens and Rome, and its cultural heritage is recognized as systematic, typical and representative.

　　The outstanding feature of Xi ‘an city is that the modern urban area and the ancient cultural heritage area are seriously overlapped. Among the 490 square kilometers of the central urban area, there are more than 200 square kilometers of important sites, the most important of which are the capital sites and imperial tombs of Zhou, Qin, Han and Tang Dynasties.

　　According to the third national cultural relics survey, there are currently 3,246 immovable cultural relics registered in Xi ‘an, 52 national key cultural relics protection units, 108 provincial cultural relics protection units and 264 city (county) cultural relics protection units.

　　World cultural heritage has two places and six points: Terracotta Warriors and Horses; Silk Road: Chang ‘an — Tianshan Corridor Road Network: Weiyang Palace Site in Chang ‘an City of Han Dynasty, Daming Palace Site in Chang ‘an City of Tang Dynasty, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Little Wild Goose Pagoda and Xingjiao Temple Pagoda;

　　There are 4 national archaeological sites parks: Qin Shihuang Mausoleum National Archaeological Site Park, Hanyang Mausoleum National Archaeological Site Park, Daming Palace National Archaeological Site Park and Weiyang Palace National Archaeological Site Park in Chang ‘an, Han, ranking first in the country, accounting for one-ninth of the country;

　　There are 5 provincial-level cultural heritage parks: Duling, Shunling, Huaqing Palace Site, Xi ‘an City Wall and Dahua Cotton Mill, accounting for one fifth of the province;

　　There are 136 museums in Xi ‘an, including 7 national first-class museums: Shaanxi History Museum, Terracotta Warriors Museum of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, Xi ‘an Forest of Steles Museum, Hanyang Mausoleum Museum, Banpo Museum, Xi ‘an Museum and Datang West City Museum;

　　In recent years, Wei River Bridge Site in Chang ‘an City of Han Dynasty, Quercus Yangcheng Site in Qin and Han Dynasties (Yanliang) and Yangguanzhai Site (Gaoling) have gained ten new archaeological discoveries in China, which have attracted wide attention from all walks of life.

　　How to combine cultural protection with urban construction perfectly?

　　"In Xi ‘an, every hoe is a cultural relic", although it is a joke, it reflects the richness of Xi ‘an cultural heritage. Then, the problem comes: as a world famous historical and cultural city, Xi ‘an is always faced with the problem of how to protect the historical and cultural heritage and how to make good use of this urban resource on the basis of protection, so that the protection of historical and cultural heritage and urban modernization can coexist harmoniously.

　　In the face of contradictions, Xi ‘an has also formed a set of unique working mechanisms and systems to coordinate the protection of historical and cultural heritage and the development of urban modernization. For example, on the planning level, it is determined that the overall layout of Xi ‘an is a spatial development model of inheriting the ancient capital; At the level of laws and regulations, it constitutes the legal guarantee for the protection of historical and cultural heritage in Xi ‘an, and the work of cultural protection has a rigid constraint, which makes the protection of historical and cultural heritage have laws to follow and rules to follow.

　　According to Tang Long, in order to solve the problem of how to strengthen the protection of cultural relics in construction projects, the Regulations on the Protection of Immovable Cultural Relics in Xi ‘an, which was promulgated in December 2017, innovatively proposed that "before the allocation and transfer of land use rights, the municipal cultural relics administrative department shall organize archaeological investigation and exploration, and put forward opinions on land supply, and the expenses for archaeological investigation and exploration shall be borne by the municipal, district and county people’s governments". Not only did it solve the long-standing contradiction between cultural relics protection and construction projects, but it also realized the change from "archaeology before construction" to "archaeology before land transfer", making the land transfer a real "clean land", which is more conducive to developers’ investment and construction, and also has demonstration significance at the national level.

　　The "Xi ‘an Model" for the protection of great sites, the implementation of the "Museum City" construction, and the publication of the first industry consensus document "Xi ‘an Declaration" in the field of international cultural heritage protection named after the city of China … On the basis of the protection of traditional objects, the memory of cultural symbols, and the development and utilization of tourism value, how to endow historical and cultural relics with new connotations and new vitality, so as to organically combine them with modern urban functions, industrial development, employment and citizens’ lives, It plays a greater role in enhancing the city’s value, developing modern civilization, and improving the living environment, so that the urban civilization can develop continuously, and at the same time, the historical and cultural heritage can be protected and utilized forever. Xi ‘an has been advancing through exploration.

　　"Only by closely linking the protection of historical and cultural heritage with the expansion of modern urban functions, especially with the improvement of people’s lives, can history and culture be full of vitality, ‘ Cultural relics ’ In order to truly become ‘ Culture ’ Cultural relics can be truly ‘ Live ’ . For example, the opening of Daming Palace, Kunming Pool, Temple of Heaven and other sites has entered people’s lives in the form of public green spaces and parks. At present, Xi’ an is also actively exploring how to combine cultural relics protection with science and technology to better display cultural heritage, so that it can truly become a culture in the sense of people’s concepts and become a realistic and living culture, so that people can enjoy the dividends brought by cultural heritage protection. " Tang Long believes that only in this way can the development of modern cities be truly integrated with the protection of historical and cultural heritage, find a real foundation for the protection and display of historical and cultural heritage, and make historical culture a part of modern urban culture and people’s lives, thus becoming the core and soul of urban culture and enhancing the cultural self-confidence of the general public.

　　"Let the cultural relics speak and tell people the historical wisdom", as the Supreme Leader General Secretary said, every cultural relic is the narrator of China’s good story, and with a heart of awe, it is the immediate meaning of "making cultural relics alive" to explore the expression that cultural relics are easily accepted by modern audiences, tap the value of cultural relics in the new era, attract the public, especially young people, and let more people join in the protection of cultural heritage.

　　In the future, it is a test and a responsibility for Xi ‘an to integrate the natural geographical environment of a famous historical and cultural city with the internal texture of citizens’ life as a whole, and to show the historical and cultural development track of a thousand-year-old capital in a more comprehensive, three-dimensional and delicate way. (People’s Daily Central Kitchen Room 208 Wang Ziyu)

Recently, the hottest topic in the automobile circle, in addition to new cars such as Xiaomi Yuqi and Zunjie S800 landing in the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, will be the OBD annual inspection.

President with a search, what?"The strictest in history", "The nightmare of car owners" and "People have hospitals and cars have M stops"Such statements emerge in endlessly:

On the short video platform, there are also some"The car is so new that OBD failed the annual inspection."Content of:

Public opinion is fierce, and many car owners can’t help wondering if their cars will be stuck because of OBD after reading these articles or videos.Faced with the need to go to the designated maintenance station to spend high-priced maintenance, or the vehicle is forced to scrap.

For a time, the condemnation of OBD annual inspection was wave after wave.

Then, the voice on the network is complicated. Who is telling the truth? Is the OBD annual inspection really so terrible, will it make the old car scrapped and the new car tremble?

This matter, we have to start with OBD.

so-calledOBD, is the abbreviation of "On-Board Diagnostics", which translates as "On-board diagnosis system”。

As long as your car is not too old, there is such an interface at the lower left of the steering wheel, and you can plug in a special OBD readerReading sensor data of the vehicle,You can also seeFault code of vehicle:

Similar to the application of other electronic and electrical technologies in automobiles, with more and more engine sensors, OBD has been loading cars overseas since 1970s and 1980s. After 2000, OBD has gradually become a standard in China.

At first, the role of OBD was only used to diagnose engine failure, which was convenient for car companies and repair shops to "prescribe the right medicine" after sale.

But later, with the deepening of environmental protection concept,Laws and policies are increasingly controlling the pollution of automobile exhaust.Forced car companies to upgrade engine technology to control vehicle exhaust emissions.

At this time, OBD, which can monitor the performance of three-way catalyst, oxygen sensor data, exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR), particle trap (GPF) and other components, can come in handy.

Theoretically, the most direct way to monitor automobile exhaust is to keep watch on the exhaust port.

This "dynamic vehicle exhaust detection method" has also become the root of many people’s "violent annual inspection": in the previous annual inspection, it was really necessary to push the car onto the platform and simulate the driving state.Test the exhaust emission by stepping on the accelerator!

But now, with the development of technology, the work of monitoring exhaust gas can be advanced to OBD. You only need to read the OBD in advance and monitor the running status of the engine.Judging the emission of tail gas:

For example, the EPF (particle trap) is blocked and the engine is lit; Or the three-way catalytic converter is dismantled, and harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas exceed the standard, which is definitely not going to pass the annual inspection.

In short, OBD, as a software system, mainly aims atSimplify the annual inspection process.

In fact, it is not a recent thing that OBD has been included in the annual inspection of automobiles, but it has been several years.

In 2019, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Emission Limits and Measurement Methods of Gasoline Vehicle Pollutants (Double Idle Speed Method and Simple Working Condition Method)", which added OBD inspection as a part of "environmental inspection": focusing on key points,Environmental inspection.

Therefore, for example, if your tire pressure is too low, the vehicle will report to the police, or if the reversing image is broken, it will not get stuck and fail the annual inspection. have onlyEnvironmental protection and exhaust-related failures have occurred,You need to call back for maintenance and re-inspection.

So, why did the topic of OBD suddenly become so popular until recently?

Since the beginning of this year, many private testing stations have taken the risk of breaking the law and committing crimes in order to attract customers.Issue false emission inspection reports,Let the vehicles with substandard exhaust gas pass the annual inspection. The fee charged may be only a few hundred yuan.

Perhaps it was reported by an informant, or maybe the relevant department seized relevant clues, but it is more likely that the environmental protection department monitored it.The air pollution caused by automobile exhaust is becoming more and more serious …After Dalian seized the first related case in early November, many inspection stations were investigated and punished by fines, suspension of inspection and rectification.

This is a lot of human feelings recently."The annual inspection of automobiles has become stricter"The reason-

In the past, the monitoring station turned a blind eye, and the testing fee was safe. If you don’t strictly test now, you really want to close down for rectification, and you have no money to earn!

It is precisely because of this that many old cars in poor condition, especially those trucks with illness, have become the targets of "not passing the annual inspection" and "being the most injured" in this round.

Old netizens also know that this topic that affects people’s livelihood has always been a stimulant for the media. This has led to a lot of unscrupulous self-media catching shadows and selling anxiety.Get a huge amount of traffic by causing panic.

So what?"OBD annual inspection is a new regulation in 2025", "OBD annual inspection for three times but the car is scrapped",It’s all for this dish of vinegar, jiaozi,It’s a pure rumor.

Then the more critical question is coming, "in the rumor"M station"What is it? Can the owners of unqualified vehicles only go to M station for maintenance or take the vehicle scrapping process?

In fact, in the "Methods" issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the relevant regulations on OBD detectionThere is no saying that "unqualified products can only be sent to M station for maintenance", and there is no saying that "X times of unqualified products need to be scrapped".

This so-called M station comes from the Notice on Establishing and Implementing the Vehicle Emission Inspection and Maintenance System jointly issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Transport and the General Administration of Market Supervision in 2020, and it corresponds to Station I..

The official explanation of the Bureau of Ecology and EnvironmentHere’s the thing:

I/M system is a system that motor vehicles in use should be inspected regularly by the motor vehicle emission inspection agency (Station I) in accordance with the relevant regulations of the state and our province, and vehicles with unqualified exhaust emissions must be repaired by qualified maintenance enterprises (Station M), so as to finally improve the pollutant emission status of motor vehicles. "I station" refers to the automobile emission inspection agency, which is what we usually call the motor vehicle inspection station; "M station" refers to the maintenance (repair) organization of automobile emission performance, which is what we usually call a repair shop, but it must have certain qualifications.

"Local transportation departments at all levels should supervise and guide the maintenance and repair of automobile emissions according to laws and regulations.One or two types of automobile maintenance enterprises and three types of automobile maintenance enterprises engaged in engine maintenance can be used as automobile emission performance maintenance (maintenance) stations.. "

Therefore, this M station is not a few official cooperative stations, but a group of maintenance stations with formal maintenance qualifications and will not be "corroded by money", which can ensure thatVehicles are inspected annually without cheating.

To put it bluntly, you can go anywhere to repair the car; It’s just that I have to go back to M station in the end to make sure I didn’t cheat.

As for everyone who thinks that the M station is expensive, and the exhaust gas may not meet the standard after repair, there is actually a poor information, which is hard to believe outside the automobile industry:These accessories related to exhaust gas are really expensive! ! !

Take a luxury brand as an example, just an oxygen sensor,Official price 3200:

If it is a three-way catalytic converter meeting the emission of country 6b,Official price 39899.99(There are odd and whole ones.）：

Moreover, even if one or more original parts are replaced at a huge cost, it may be due to various reasons such as "burning engine oil", "carbon accumulation in the cylinder", "insufficient combustion of gasoline" and "GPF regeneration".Causing the tail gas not to pass.

(President tips: Those car owners who can’t pass the annual inspection and want to keep their own vehicles can actually try to start from these angles, or directly drive on the high-speed Bigfoot oil for a while, instead of blindly replacing accessories at high prices.

In addition, the electronic sensor can be repaired by auxiliary factory parts, but if it is a ternary accessory, the auxiliary factory parts are almost all money-wasting, and it is likely that it will not pass if it is changed.)

This means that according to the relevant documentsExcessive emission vehicleThis passage:

"In the use of motor vehicles to discharge air pollutants exceeding the standard, it should be maintained; After maintenance or adoption of pollution control technology, if the emission of air pollutants still does not meet the national emission standards for motor vehicles in use, it should be forcibly scrapped. "

Because of this, many people "feel tired and don’t love" and choose to scrap their cars and throw them into the arms of new cars.

Write it at the end

Finally, the president also wants to say a few fair words impartially.

Whether the OBD test is included in the annual inspection of automobiles or the state establishes and implements the automobile emission inspection and maintenance system, it is actually a good thing.

The former canPrevention and control of air pollution,NengHelp users understand the working state of the car;And the latter is to push the whole car.Standardization of annual inspection system,evenStandardization of new car productionA link in.

If it can be strictly enforced, those "broken cars" with black smoke and heavy tail gas will not appear on the road, affecting the health of pedestrians and non-motor vehicles; No more car companies will dare to "cut corners" on emissions.

Unfortunately, good intentions do not always bring good results.

In the process of the sustainable development of the automobile industry, it is not uncommon for emission inspection agencies and emission performance maintenance stations to play in collusion. This is the industrial chain relationship of "being both a referee and an athlete", and the account will be divided afterwards …

Therefore, some netizens shared their cars that were stuck in the OBD detection step.It’s not all lies.

For example, when a BMW X3 was inspected, the emission was up to standard, and there was no fault code, but the inspection agency’s machine did not read the OBD data, and the final result was the same.The vehicle was called back and asked for re-inspection.

From the user’s point of view, this is a bit like an "accident"-my car is fine, but I need to spend extra time to check it again. Isn’t this a waste of time, energy (and maybe money)?

Not to mention, there are also some cars that are in good condition, which makes the owners angry.

Although there is almost no need to worry about problems in the annual inspection of vehicles that are normally used, this does not affect the fear of responsibility of the nervous testing institutions. If there is a sign of trouble, they will protect themselves and stay away;

There is no guarantee that some normal vehicles will be stuck in the first annual inspection after 6 years because of the quality problems of the vehicles themselves.

But in any case, standardization is the only way for the domestic automobile industry.

This is true for fuel vehicles, and so is it for new energy vehicles.

Part of the rumor—The "New Regulations for 2025" refers to the "Inspection Rules for Safety Performance of New Energy Vehicles" which will be launched on March 1, 2025.

Little friends who want to know, poke here: "New Energy Exclusive Annual Inspection" is about to land! Will your electric car survive next year?

This is China’s first safety inspection standard specifically for new energy vehicles.Suitable for pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles (including extended range),The inspection of three electrical systems (battery, motor and electronic control) has been added.

This means that the annual inspection of new energy vehicles also has special inspection items, and the "three-electricity inspection (especially the health of power batteries)", which is strongly called by the public, is really available now.

Predictably,In the future, the testing standards for new energy vehicles will be gradually improved.Problems will always accompany.

But the president believes that the development of things is spiraling, and it is inevitable that there will be setbacks and contradictions. The end result must be that the whole industry will continue to improve.

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The exterior design of BMW i4 combines futuristic and sporty sense. The front face adopts the iconic kidney-shaped air intake grille, but different from the traditional model, it adopts a closed design, which shows its status as a pure electric vehicle. On both sides are sharp LED headlights, which cooperate with the diversion port below to create a strong visual impact. The body lines are smooth, extending from the front face to the rear of the car, outlining a dynamic posture ready to go. The overall style is simple and luxurious, which reflects the innovation and inheritance of BMW in the era of electrification.

BMW i4 shows a dynamic appearance with its streamlined body design and exquisite lines. The body size is 4785*1852*1455mm and the wheelbase is 2856mm, which provides spacious and comfortable seating space for the car. The front tread is 1601mm and the rear tread is 1630mm, which ensures the stability and handling performance of the vehicle. The front tyre size is 245/45 R18, and the rear tyre size is 255/45 R18. With the unique rim style, the vehicle’s sense of movement and visual impact are further enhanced.

The interior design of BMW i4 is simple and full of scientific sense. The center console is equipped with a 14.9-inch touch screen, which not only supports multimedia system, navigation and telephone voice recognition control, but also has wireless charging function. The steering wheel is made of leather, which supports manual adjustment up and down and back and forth, so that the driver can adjust according to his own needs. In terms of seats, BMW i4 offers a variety of choices, including imitation leather, genuine leather and leather /Alcantara mixed materials, to provide passengers with a comfortable ride experience. The front seats have heating function, and the main driving seat also has memory function, which improves the driving comfort. In addition, the rear seats support proportional tilting, which increases the flexibility of the interior space.

BMW i4 is equipped with an excellent electric engine with a maximum power of 210kW and a maximum torque of 400 N m.. This engine provides strong power output and smooth acceleration experience, which brings excellent driving pleasure to drivers.

The owner of car home said: "The configuration parameters of Series I’s 3, 5 and X3 are almost the same, except that the shell has been changed. I want to buy the I4 for more than 100,000 yuan. Of course, it is still imported, so there is no need to do such a thing as buying it home and deducting the label. At first glance, the big nostrils are not mediocre. When I drive out, people are guessing at 600,000. I am sorry. "