Li Buyun (Member of Honorary Faculty of China Academy of Social Sciences, Director of Human Rights Research Center of Guangzhou University)

　　● We should pay close attention to the study and ratify the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights as soon as possible with appropriate reservations.

　　Xu Xianming (Member the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), Member of Law Committee, President of Shandong University)

　　● Only institutional human rights are fundamental human rights. In the future, China’s human rights system should be reconstructed.

　　At the beginning of November, our government announced that it would formulate the National Action Plan on Human Rights for the first time, and plan the development of human rights in China in the next two years.

　　This news is great news for Li Buyun, member of Honorary Department of China Academy of Social Sciences, and Xu Xianming, member of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) and president of Shandong University. Human rights have been their lifelong pursuit.

　　Thirty years ago, on December 6, 1978, Li Buyun published the article "Adhere to the equality of citizens in law" in the People’s Daily, which was recognized as the "first article" for the legal profession to break through the ideological and theoretical forbidden zone; He also proposed that "criminals are also citizens", which triggered a big debate.

　　Back then, Li Buyun believed that it was 30 years of reform and opening up that opened up a "new era of human rights protection" in the history of the Chinese nation.

　　Twenty-nine years ago, as the first college student to go to court after the Cultural Revolution, Xu Xianming volunteered to defend a murderer. Over the years, he wrote "The Right to Existence" and others’ works, and put forward many proposals and suggestions to promote human rights. Together with Li Buyun, he encouraged and called for "human rights being enshrined in the Constitution".

　　"When human rights were enshrined in the Constitution in 2004, I have a feeling of dying." Xu Xianming’s words came from the heart.

　　In the eyes of two promoters of China’s human rights cause, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee 30 years ago was a new starting point for China’s human rights protection, which brought about the lifting of the human rights concept and the expansion of human rights practice. Thirty years later, human rights have become the mainstream value in China today. In the next 30 years, human rights in China will be respected as never before, and people will have more universal, broader and more equal human rights.

　　Five major nodes

　　Human rights are no longer forbidden zones.

　　1978 Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee

　　New "origin" of human rights protection

　　Background: In December 1978, the communique of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee pointed out: "The civil rights stipulated in the Constitution must be resolutely guaranteed and no one can infringe upon them."

　　During the Cultural Revolution, human rights were regarded as the patent of capitalism. In the early days of reform and opening up, human rights were still regarded as "bourgeois slogans". In 1978, the practice of human rights protection for the Rightists took the lead, and by November all parts of the country had taken off the Rightists’ hats. By 1982, more than 3 million cadres’ unjust, false and misjudged cases had been rehabilitated and more than 470,000 party member had been reinstated as a Party member.

　　The word "human rights" did not appear in the communiqué of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee. But both Li Buyun and Xu Xianming regard it as the new "origin" of human rights protection.

　　Li Buyun: Looking back at history, a key point is that the new China was founded in 1949, and the people of China stood up, which opened up a domestic and international environment for the protection of human rights.

　　At the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, important concepts such as safeguarding citizens’ rights and equality before the law were clarified. In particular, it emphasizes democracy and the legal system, which is also a question of individual rights ―― democracy is first and foremost a person’s democratic right, and the legal system is to protect human rights. It marks a new beginning of human rights protection in China.

　　Xu Xianming: Human rights have long been the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s proposition: in 1923, the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s first Constitution put forward human rights; During the Jinggangshan period, the Outline of the Constitution of chinese soviet republic clearly stated "people’s rights" …

　　The 30 years of reform and opening up, in a sense, are 30 years of political reform and 30 years of institutional innovation. Only institutional human rights are fundamental human rights. The great meeting 30 years ago was a new "origin" of human rights protection.

　　The Fourth Constitution of 1982

　　It lists 28 kinds of civil rights, which are almost the same as those in the west.

　　Background: In December, 1982, New China enacted the fourth constitution, namely the current constitution. Article 33 stipulates: "Anyone with People’s Republic of China (PRC) nationality is a citizen of People’s Republic of China (PRC)."

　　Some people say that you can’t understand the meaning of "citizen" without going through the Cultural Revolution. At that time, "rich land against bad right" was not treated as a citizen and lost the basic dignity of being a human being.

　　Previously, the 1949 "Common Program" only stipulated the rights of the "people"; The 1954 Constitution stipulated the rights of citizens, but did not answer what is "citizen".

　　The definition of "citizen" in the 1982 Constitution means that "rich land against bad right" is also a citizen, and criminals are also citizens, all of whom should have basic human rights protection.

　　On November 20th, 1980, the Supreme People’s Court Special Court tried the case of Lin Biao and Jiang Qing’s counter-revolutionary group in public, and held 44 sessions before and after, which was regarded as "an example of handling cases according to law".

　　Li Buyun: The greatest crime of the Gang of Four was trampling on human rights. A public trial according to law embodies the five judicial principles of human rights protection: independent trial according to law, judicial democracy, seeking truth from facts, humanitarianism and legal equality.

　　Among the four constitutions of New China, the 1982 Constitution lists the most specific rights of human rights, which is almost the same as that of western countries.

　　The basic rights of citizens were only two in 1975, 12 in 1978 and 28 in 1982, adding new provisions such as "personal dignity is inviolable", which greatly promoted the development of human rights in China.

　　The first "White Paper on Human Rights" in 1991

　　Human rights are called "great nouns"

　　Background: On November 2, 1991, the State Council Information Office published a white paper entitled "Human Rights Situation in China". This is the first official human rights document released by the China government to the world.

　　In the first "White Paper on Human Rights" of China Government, human rights were called "great nouns"; Emphasizing that the realization of full human rights is "a long-term historical task of the people and government of China"; And put forward that "the right to subsistence is the primary human right of Chinese people".

　　Li Buyun: In June 1993, the Second World Conference on Human Rights adopted the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action, which was attended by representatives from more than 180 countries, including China. The declaration recognizes the universality of human rights and explicitly considers the characteristics of various countries and regions. This is the first time that China has recognized the universality of human rights in diplomacy.

　　Xu Xianming: In October 1995, Jiang Zemin, then president, said in an interview with an American television station that the realization of the principle of universality of human rights must be combined with the specific conditions of each country. This is the first time that China leaders have publicly acknowledged the universality of human rights.

　　In 2004, human rights were enshrined in the Constitution.

　　"Respecting and safeguarding human rights" has become the basic obligation of the state.

　　Background: On March 14th, 2004, the Second Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress passed an amendment to the Constitution, and "the state respects and protects human rights" was written into the Constitution.

　　In May 2004, the Global Poverty Alleviation Conference was held in Shanghai. The meeting evaluated China’s poverty alleviation as a "vivid example". In 2004 alone, the central government allocated 12.2 billion yuan to help the poor, and the rural poor population decreased by 2.9 million compared with the previous year. "The right to subsistence is the primary human right of the people of Chinese", and China took poverty alleviation as a breakthrough to carry out vivid and effective human rights practice.

　　Xu Xianming: There are three meanings for human rights to be enshrined in the Constitution: the protection of human rights in China has been unprecedented inclusive and extensive. The subject of human rights is no longer only aimed at citizens, but extends from citizens to everyone; The human rights system is moving from closed to open. When human rights are incorporated into the constitution, the human rights system changes, and those that are not listed should also be protected; Respecting and safeguarding human rights has become the basic obligation of the state. This indicates that the country’s values have begun to change.

　　Report of the 17th National Congress of 2007

　　Give a variety of new human rights such as the right to know and the right to participate.

　　Background: On October 15th, 2007, the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out: "Protect people’s right to know, participate, express and supervise."

　　In September 1997, the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held, and "respecting and safeguarding human rights" was written into the report of the National Congress of the Party for the first time. Since then, the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China once again reiterated "respecting and safeguarding human rights".

　　In the report of the 17th National Congress, human rights were mentioned twice: the healthy development of human rights; Respect and protect human rights, and guarantee the rights of all members of society to participate and develop on an equal footing according to law.

　　China has made new strides in human rights practice. On January 1st, 2006, the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Agricultural Tax was abolished. The abolition of agricultural tax in that year reduced farmers’ tax burden by more than 120 billion yuan.

　　Li Buyun: The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is of great significance to the future of human rights in China. People-oriented Scientific Outlook on Development will respect and protect human rights more. In the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all aspects of human rights are taken care of, and the right to know, the right to express and the right to participate are beyond the specific enumeration in the Constitution.

　　Xu Xianming: I think the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has reconstructed China’s human rights system, which covers a wide range, including political, economic and social fields: learning to teach-the right to education; The right to health and medical treatment; A sense of security for the elderly-social rights; What you earn from your labor ―― the right to labor remuneration; Have a place to live ―― the right of moderate residence, etc.

Since the opening of the bicycle lane connecting Huilongguan and Shangdi, 5.24 million people have cycled, contributing more than 1,500 tons of carbon emission reduction. Last year, the Second Ring Road completed the optimization and transformation of the slow-moving system. The width of the non-motorized vehicle lane was more than 3 meters, and the traffic efficiency increased by 25% … These data are only a microcosm of the improvement of the slow-moving system in Beijing. More detailed changes have made the citizens feel more secure when riding and walking, and it has become a social consensus to respect slow-moving gradually.

According to the survey data, in 2021, the proportion of slow traffic trips in the central city of Beijing reached a new high in the past 10 years, reaching 47.8%, an increase of 6.9% over 2017, and the citizens’ willingness to travel slowly continued to increase. By the end of 2021, 84.1% of the citizens thought that the slow-moving rectification was effective.

According to the plan, this year, Beijing will continue to promote the transformation and upgrading of the slow-moving system, promote the construction of the east extension project and the south exhibition project of bicycle lanes, optimize the slow-moving corridors of the East Third Ring Road and the North Fourth Ring Road, and improve the walking and cycling environment.

Shijingshan Insurance Industrial Zone has created a slow-moving system demonstration zone through the "four-way integration" of waterfront greenway, garden trail, park service road and air corridor, attracting many citizens to choose cycling and walking. Beijing News reporter Wang Guibin photo

"Small actions" achieve "big effects" in improving the slow-moving environment

The south exit of Meishi Street is the node connecting Meishi Street and Liangguang Street. There is not only a business district nearby, but also a number of residential communities. There are many cars and people every day. Since August last year, a bicycle-patterned left turn signal light has been added to the signal pole at this intersection. Cyclists who turn from west to north can turn left only by waiting for the green light once, and the passing time is only 15 seconds.

Before this, cyclists need to get off at the crosswalk and wait for the signal light twice to completely pass the intersection, which takes at least 3 minutes. In order to speed up, many cyclists will risk cycling through crosswalks, even diagonally crossing and retrograde.

At the intersection of Wangfujing Street and Dashamao Hutong, after a series of transformations, the turning radius of vehicles increases, and motor vehicles need to slow down. Both roads have 2.5-meter-wide non-motor vehicle lanes, and bicycles pass smoothly.

This change is due to the continuous upgrading of the slow-moving system promoted by Beijing.

At the end of 2019, Beijing put forward the transportation development concept of "slow travel priority, public transport priority and green priority", which fully reflected the transformation from "car-oriented" to "people-oriented" in terms of planning, construction, management and law enforcement, and some changes in details made citizens feel more at ease when riding and walking.

"It can be said that it has achieved great results with small moves. Since 2021, a total of 74 bicycle intersections have been set up in Beijing, and the traffic flow lines and access rights of motor vehicles, non-motor vehicles and pedestrians have been clarified, and the traffic order at intersections has been significantly improved." Jing Lubo, the first-level director of the Urban Road Management Office of the Beijing Municipal Transportation Commission, said that the transformation of the intersection of Wangjing West Road and Futong West Street is very representative. The original intersection was too large, which led to serious interweaving of people and vehicles. After the transformation, it was reduced from 8,000 square meters to 3,000 square meters, the intersection area was reduced by about 60%, the pedestrian crossing distance was shortened by about 25%, the traffic capacity of motor vehicles at the intersection was improved by about 10.6%, and the queue length of motor vehicles was reduced by about 26.1%. "In Beijing, such big intersections are gradually slimming down." Jing Lubo said.

Shijingshan Insurance Industrial Zone is also a typical achievement of Beijing’s slow-moving system transformation. Through the "four-way integration" of waterfront greenway, garden trail, park service road and air corridor, a slow-moving system demonstration zone has been built, attracting many citizens to choose cycling and walking.

In Shijingshan Insurance Industrial Zone, citizens take leisure exercise in the waterfront greenway. Beijing News reporter Wang Guibin photo

More abundant and smooth road choices also make the order in the waterfront greenway better and better. Peng Peng, head of the Road Facilities Section of Shijingshan District Urban Management Committee, said that when the greenway was first opened, there would be electric vehicles driving in, which was a safety hazard. "At that time, we also planned to send more people on duty to discourage them. However, after the slow-moving system of other roads near the river was upgraded, electric cyclists found that it was more spacious and smoother to bypass other roads. Naturally, they did not walk through the greenway. By increasing supply, they also achieved the effect of standardizing order."

Carry out the physical examination of slow traffic, and make improvement according to the problems.

"What is the current situation of the traffic environment of the slow-moving system? Has the transformation achieved practical results? In what areas can we make efforts in the next step? "

These problems are all concerned by Wang Shuling and his colleagues. Wang Shuling is the head of the slow traffic team of Beijing Traffic Development Research Institute and the director of the track institute. Her research in the field of slow traffic and monitoring the results of Beijing slow traffic management will provide reference for relevant departments to formulate policies and determine future action plans. "Slow-moving transformation is not a blank sheet of paper, there will be many difficulties and obstacles, and it is a long-term work."

She believes that bicycles are not only a means of travel, but also an important way to alleviate congestion, improve residents’ health, promote street vitality and help reduce carbon emissions. "In the future, the slow traffic environment in Beijing will be more friendly, and the slow traffic will also be deeply integrated with the charm of the city and the health of residents."

Starting from 2020, based on the development level of Beijing’s slow traffic and drawing lessons from the advanced experience of international cities such as Copenhagen and London, the transportation department will build a travel effect-oriented evaluation and assessment system for slow traffic services.

"In fact, it is to carry out physical examination for our slow traffic system. Only by objectively reflecting the status quo and finding problems can we formulate more targeted upgrading and transformation plans." Wang Shuling said that 2020 is the initial year of Beijing’s slow traffic physical examination. Around the use effect, more than a dozen indicators were set in three dimensions: facilities, management and usage. In 2021, fine-tuning, road tree-lined and other indicators were added, which also reflected the focus on the actual needs and demands of citizens.

Through the physical examination of slow traffic, the spatial data information of slow traffic in six districts, Tongzhou District and Economic and Technological Development Zone was formed for the first time. On this basis, the Work Plan for Improving the Quality of Slow Traffic System was studied and formulated for three consecutive years. With the joint efforts of various departments and local governments, 43 projects were formulated and promoted according to the target in 2020 and 2021, and the construction of slow traffic system formed a benign closed loop.

The "physical examination results" in 2021 showed that the non-motor vehicle width compliance rate in the core area, Shijingshan District and urban sub-centers all exceeded 80%, with the core area having the highest compliance rate of 83%. At the same time, in recent years, with the continuous improvement of facilities governance and order management, the illegal phenomenon of facilities occupying trails and motor vehicles invading bicycle lanes has been continuously improved. In 2021, the rate of facilities occupying trails decreased by 10.5% compared with that in 2020, and the rate of illegal intrusion of bicycle lanes decreased by 47% compared with that in 2020. A safe and friendly bicycle travel environment has gradually taken shape.

Bicycle lanes have contributed 1,500 tons of carbon emission reduction.

In Beijing, cycling and walking have become more comfortable, and it has increasingly become a social consensus that cars make way for bicycles and respect slow travel. According to the survey data of the third party, among the international cities with similar population size, the mileage of slow traffic facilities in Beijing ranks in the forefront, and the mileage of bicycle lanes ranks first in the total scale.

Among all modes of transportation, cycling can be regarded as a "zero-carbon" travel choice. According to the research data of Beijing Traffic Development Research Institute, bicycle travel can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 0.17 kg per person per kilometer compared with car travel. The change of travel structure is very important for "carbon neutrality". If a car user switches to cycling, it can reduce one ton of carbon emissions a year, and basically achieve the goal of "carbon neutrality" from an individual perspective.

There is a tidal lane on the bicycle lane, which can be used in the morning and evening rush hours. Beijing News reporter Wang Guibin photo

In 2019, Beijing built the first bicycle lane with a total length of 6.5 kilometers, connecting Huilongguan and Shangdi Software Park. Compared with private cars and buses, it saved travel time by 32% and 50% respectively, which solved the travel problems of a large number of commuters.

"Now, cycling is not only a mode of transportation, but also a way of life." Wang Shuling introduced that the operation of bicycle lanes not only provided convenient transportation options, but also cultivated a large number of "iron powder" for bicycle commuting. Up to now, the cumulative usage of bicycle lanes has exceeded 5.24 million person-times, and the average daily riding volume is 4,500-5,000 vehicles/time. According to the calculation of traffic mode transfer of users of bicycle lanes, bicycle lanes have contributed more than 1500 tons of carbon emission reduction.

Nowadays, Beijing is promoting the construction of slow traffic demonstration roads to drive more citizens to choose cycling as a green mode of transportation.

After the bicycle lane is completed and opened to traffic, the west extension project will continue to be implemented in 2020, and the left turn sign of non-motor vehicles and special signal timing will be added at the intersection for the first time. In 2022, the east extension and south exhibition projects of bicycle lane will be started, and the radiation-driven function of bicycle lane will be completely activated to build a brand-new green commuter corridor.

Last year, the optimization and reconstruction project of the second ring auxiliary road slow-moving system was also a "star project". After the reconstruction, the width of non-motor vehicle lanes reached more than 3 meters, the traffic efficiency increased by 25%, and the morning and evening peak riding flow and traffic speed increased by 8% and 5% respectively. The quality improvement projects of slow-moving systems such as the extension line of Dongdan North and South Street and Ping ‘an Street have also been completed one after another, and the whole road has achieved slow-moving priority, smooth riding and proper walking.

On October 10, 2021, the Second Ring Road was really "riding"-on the way to the public welfare cycling activity of the Second Ring Road slow-moving system. Beijing News reporter Wang Guibin photo

Bike-sharing’s annual cycling volume reaches 950 million.

Bicycles are "returning" to Beijing, and the service and management measures need to be constantly improved and strengthened.

In 2021, the proportion of slow traffic trips in central Beijing reached a new high in the past 10 years, reaching 47.8%, an increase of 6.9% over 2017, and the citizens’ willingness to travel slowly continued to increase. On 51 roads, such as Xinjiekou Outer Street and Tiantan East Road, the number of morning peak rides exceeds 3,000 per hour.

The total number of bike-sharing in Beijing is about 950,000, and the daily average number of riders exceeds 2.4 million, making it the best choice for connecting urban rail transit.

Since entering Beijing in 2016, bike-sharing has played an active role in connecting the "last mile" of public transport and advocating citizens’ green travel. At present, the number of operating enterprises in bike-sharing has been reduced from 16 in its heyday to 3 in Meituan, Hello and Qingcheng, and the number of operating vehicles has been adjusted from 2.35 million to about 950,000. The compliance rate and dynamic access rate of operating vehicles are above 95%, initially forming a "1+N" pattern with one operating area in the central city and n operating areas in the suburbs, and the vehicle operating area has gradually expanded from the Fifth Ring Road to all administrative districts. In 2021, the annual cycling volume of bike-sharing in the city reached 950 million, and the highest cycling volume in a single day exceeded 4.71 million.

In order to continuously standardize the development of the Internet bicycle industry, the Municipal Transportation Commission has established a comprehensive supervision system to promote the healthy development of the industry. In order to standardize the parking of these bike-sharing and promote the integration of the slow-moving system and rail transit, Beijing has completed the construction of 224 bike-sharing electronic fences in 51 key rail transit stations, realizing the settlement of the entry. Up to now, more than 26,000 parking areas have been designated in bike-sharing, and 16 no-parking areas have been publicized in the core area, and the coordinates of all parking areas, no-parking areas and parking management areas have been pushed to enterprise clients to guide citizens to park in an orderly manner. At the same time, through the joint convention jointly launched by operating enterprises and industry associations, the riders who repeatedly violate the rules will be jointly punished, riding will be restricted, and citizens will be guided to regulate their car use behavior.

Citizens ride in Shijingshan Insurance Industrial Zone. Beijing News reporter Wang Guibin photo

Compress the space of motor vehicles and return the road to walking and cycling.

A survey on the slow-moving system shows that more than 54% of Beijing residents believe that motor vehicle interference is the most important factor affecting riding comfort, among which "illegal parking" and "unreasonable parking space setting" are more intuitive; There is also a survey by relevant departments that nearly 70% of cyclists believe that order is an important factor affecting cycling.

Yang Xinmiao, deputy director of Tsinghua University Transportation Research Institute, has been engaged in research work in the fields of green transportation and traffic safety for a long time, and he often chooses green travel modes such as cycling.

He believes that it is the key to ensure the smooth and orderly slow-moving system to go its own way. "The sidewalk is for people to walk, and the bicycle lane is for people to ride." In this regard, he put forward a number of specific suggestions: no parking within three parking spaces at intersections, no parking within two parking spaces at bus stops, no parking within two parking spaces at the entrance and exit of residential areas, and shopping malls, schools, hospitals, etc. should help smooth the walking and cycling in front of the door, and motor vehicles should be allowed at night.

In order to further protect the right of way, Beijing is gradually rectifying the parking spaces with problems, and continuously strengthening the order management of the slow-moving system and increasing the investigation and punishment of roadside violations of motor vehicles. In the future, new electronic toll parking spaces on roads will also be reviewed in advance, and can only be set if the width of non-motor vehicle lanes is met.

Jing Lubo introduced that Beijing has compiled a series of planning documents such as "Beijing Slow Travel System Planning (2020-2035)" to clarify the future development orientation of the slow travel system, and formulated a series of standards and technical rules such as "Technical Guide for Improving Pedestrian and Bicycle Traffic Facilities in Beijing", highlighting the principle of street space allocation with priority on walking and bicycles. It is the first time to reduce the width of motor vehicle lanes to widen bicycle lanes and trails, pay attention to the priority of slow travel at intersections, and set up bicycles.

This year, the slow corridor of the East Third Ring Road and the North Fourth Ring Road will be optimized.

The work of promoting the construction of slow-moving system continues. In May this year, Beijing successively issued the Traffic Development and Construction Plan of Beijing during the Tenth Five-Year Plan and the Action Plan for Comprehensive Traffic Management of Beijing in 2022, which set clear requirements for improving the slow traffic environment in the future.

Jing Lubo told reporters that this year, Beijing will continue to make efforts to improve the slow-moving system. At present, relevant plans are being formulated and improved. "Typical projects include the slow-moving corridor construction projects of the East Third Ring Road and the North Fourth Ring Road, and will continue to optimize bicycle lanes and trails along the route to make green travel smoother and safer."

According to the Action Plan for Comprehensive Traffic Management in Beijing in 2022, in 2022, Beijing will continue to optimize and upgrade the green travel environment, and accelerate the construction of Dongtuo (Liangzhuang West Street-Lincui Road) and Nanzhan projects of Huilongguan Bicycle Dedicated Road; Optimize the slow corridor of the East Third Ring Road and the North Fourth Ring Road (Haidian Bridge-Zhixinqiao) to improve the walking and cycling environment; With the goal of building city slow traffic system, which mainly serves commuting, we will speed up the compilation of slow traffic planning and build a slow priority demonstration block, with at least one in the central city, Tongzhou District and Economic Development Zone. At the same time, it will also promote the connection and integration of garden greenways, waterfront roads and urban road slow-moving systems. Build 20 slow-moving boulevards to increase the comfort of walking and riding. Create 21 cycling routes of "Walking in Beijing" to promote the deep integration of slow travel and tourism.

If we turn our attention to the long-term goal, Beijing’s expectation for slow traffic is not limited to the traffic field, not only to "build a pedestrian and bicycle-friendly city and form a continuous and safe slow traffic network", but also slow traffic will become a part of citizens’ healthy life.

"Beijing Traffic Development and Construction Plan during the Tenth Five-Year Plan" depicts such a picture for the future development of the slow-moving system: in the "last mile" connection of public transportation, walking and cycling will play a greater role; The slow-moving system in the Fifth Ring Road is continuously networked, all eligible roads are divided into non-motor vehicle lanes, and bicycle priority signs are added to all non-motor vehicle mixed roads; Pedestrians will also be safer when crossing the street. Pedestrians will have exclusive safety facilities when crossing the street, and bicycles will no longer need to detour and retrograde when passing. Streets and blocks will also be more suitable for walking slowly. When riding on the road, citizens will enjoy more trees and trees, and the riding environment will be more comfortable and pleasant.

Beijing News reporter Yan Jianfei

Editor Zhang Lei proofreads Liu Yue.

　　On January 11th, 2020 (the first) China enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle Awards Ceremony was successfully held in Hainan International Convention and Exhibition Center under the guidance of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Automobile Industry Branch and co-sponsored by Auto Watch magazine and Tsinghua Automobile Engineering Development Research Institute.

　　With the original intention of energy saving and emission reduction, the annual general election in enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle, China set the selection scope in the environment-friendly vehicles with advanced energy saving and emission reduction technologies, such as pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and oil-electric hybrid vehicles, and let China’s own brands, new power brands, joint ventures and imported brands compete on the same stage. All the participating vehicles have gone through the initial evaluation, real vehicle physical test, expert evaluation, final evaluation meeting and other links. The whole evaluation set up six evaluation systems, including physical test, style design, manufacturing level, driving experience, safety performance and intelligent network connection, which comprehensively tested the performance and manufacturing quality of the participating vehicles. In the end, 12 models stood out and won the annual award.

　　Award-winning car companies include independent brands such as BYD, Geometry and GAC New Energy, joint ventures such as GAC Acura, GAC Honda, GAC Toyota, Dongfeng yueda Kia, Dongfeng Honda and Beijing Hyundai, as well as new car-making forces such as Weilai, Xpeng Motors and Future Auto.

　　At the award ceremony, dozens of mainstream media such as Sohu Auto, Tencent Auto, Sina Auto, iQiyi Auto, Cheyou Headline, and representatives of award-winning car companies witnessed this glorious moment.

　　Driver of the Year Award Dongfeng yueda Kia K5 Plug-in Hybrid

　　Reasons for winning:The appearance of Jin Dao makes it feel better to run, which is a masterpiece and a global design. Cutting-edge hybrid system can save fuel and worry. Low-center-of-gravity body, highlighting sports genes, handling and comfort. The omni-directional intelligent driving assistance system is both exciting and calm.

　　Beijing Hyundai Angino pure electric driver of the year award

　　Reasons for winning:Strong power, sports chassis training and various driving modes induce passion in life in silence. Excellent global technology platform, intelligent and integrated security system, not only fun, but also unlimited interest.

　　Tucki G3 2020 Endurance Award of the Year

　　Reasons for winning:Not only does it charge fast, but it also runs far. The 520km NEDC has a comprehensive working condition, and a pure electric intelligent SUV that can be said to leave is running without fear of the end.

　　Outstanding Quality Award of the Year Dongfeng Honda CR-V Sharp and Mixed

　　Reasons for winning:After more than ten years of classic inheritance, it has gained the support and trust of 1.5 million car owners. Nowadays, it is to protect thousands of families with a brand-new attitude, with high quality, large space, low power consumption and long battery life. I fell in love at first sight and felt at ease without moving.

　　Outstanding quality award of the year BYD Song Pro DM

　　Reasons for winning:Global design, the United States out of the international norm; Intelligent network connection, playing the trend model; German luxury car chassis is set up, with perfect balance between comfort and movement. Super five-star safety standards, rest assured that sailing, all the way for you.

　　Wit award of the year GAC new energy Aion LX

　　Reasons for winning:A pure electric monster, 3.9 seconds to break 100, comparable to a million super-run. A world-leading super-intelligent body, Intelligent IoT and Autopilot System 3.0, can see farther, respond faster and drive more stably. Self-evolving new experience of the Internet of Everything, knowing you, cars and life.

　　Power Award of the Year GAC Honda 10th Generation Accord Sharp Hybrid

　　Reasons for winning:The third generation i-MMD hybrid power system, 260TUBRO powerful power, low center of gravity body, racing-class seats, steering wheel deceleration paddles, have willful explosions and enjoyable push backs, and the driving pleasure is unexpected.

　　Best High Performance Vehicle of the Year K50

　　Reasons for winning:4.6 seconds 100 kilometers acceleration, born for "urgent" speed; 200km/h top speed, fighting for "extreme" speed. Smart design, dynamic beauty, natural blood, every look is heart-pounding. Brembo’s high-performance brakes, front and rear dual-motor four-wheel drive, and lightweight design of the whole car shine with performance everywhere.

　　Best hybrid car of the year GAC Acura CDX Sport Hybrid

　　Reasons for winning:Fine drilling appearance, eye-catching when you enter the eye. Textured interior is intimate when you enter the heart. I-MMD dual-motor hybrid power allows high performance and low fuel consumption. Pleasant and extreme driving safety is not limited to "what the naked eye can see", but also pays more attention to the calm control of "unknown dangers".

　　Best Hybrid GAC Toyota Ralink Shuangqing E+

　　Reasons for winning:EV pure electric, HEV strong hybrid, free switching, free driving, no mileage anxiety, but ultra-low fuel consumption. Enjoy the benefits and the sense of movement. Exclusive brown interior and glazed blue appearance, from the inside out, showing texture and charm.

　　Best Electric Vehicle of the Year-Geometry A

　　Reasons for winning:Flowing, multidimensional and avant-garde, it presents the balance between technology and aesthetics from the outside to the inside. A model of aerodynamics, the power does not leave, the battery life is more reliable, L2 plus intelligent driving, safety has its own guarantee, and the future guards the present.

　　Model of the Year Award-Weilai ES6

　　Reasons for winning:Excellent space, extraordinary control, 4 seconds new members of the club, can be warm, but also run wild. 510km long battery life, NIO Pilot automatic assisted driving system, the world’s first electric energy service system, dare to define the future and dare to create the future.

　　At the end of the award ceremony, all the guests at the scene issued a declaration of "building a beautiful ecological home with environmentally-friendly smart products". This is a simple declaration, but it is a heavy commitment, which embodies the responsibility and responsibility of our autobots. I hope that the whole society will join us in caring for the earth on which we live and building our beautiful home together.

"Rapidly increasing traffic" and "getting more money every day" are all gimmicks to reveal the "short video window with goods" scam.

Nowadays, short-sighted band goods are very popular, and many people also have the idea of live broadcast with goods. Some criminal gangs use short video accounts to operate teaching packages, and cutting a video can quickly increase traffic and make more money, laying a scam.

Fictitious traffic success stories trick users into buying high-priced packages.

Xiao Gan of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province fell into the trap. Xiao Gan bought a set meal from a so-called short-sighted band cargo team and successfully opened a window and set up a small shop online. So, can he get the benefits he expects?

Victim Xiao Gan: After buying it back, I found it very difficult to study the course. As long as I bought their more advanced package, I didn’t need to operate it. Someone would help me to run this account, send videos and run my window. I thought at that time that I had paid more than 2,000 yuan, and if I could really reach that income, I could. Then I bought an upgrade package, totaling more than 9000.

However, this so-called short-sighted band cargo team’s promise to Xiao Gan is in great contrast with reality.

Victim Xiao Gan: At the beginning, the account did have a little profit, but not much. Then I asked him, and they gave me a lot of reasons to say that the market was not good.

Xiao Gan, who realized that something was wrong, began to contact the other party to refund the money. However, I didn’t expect the other party to change his previous enthusiasm and refused Xiao Gan’s request very strongly.

Victim Xiao Gan: They said that we signed the contract. If we signed the contract, I was helping you run it, but the effect could not be fully predicted. I thought I should have been cheated, so I called the police for help.

Xu Maofu, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of shenzhen public Longhua Branch: These effects promised by them in the contract have not been realized at all so far, and the marketing means are in line with the situation of fraud.

The investigation shows that this group has great suspicion of fraud, and the main criminal of the gang is Zhong. So what is the actual operation of this gang? After investigation by the police, they found that the company was located in an office building in Longhua District, Shenzhen, and the division of labor among gang members was very clear.

Xu Maofu, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of shenzhen public Longhua Branch: One is the sales department, the other is the operation department, the other is the after-sales department, and the last is the teaching department, which is composed of these four departments. Sales is responsible for attracting customers, and the operation is to help these victims run his online shop, but in fact they don’t know how to operate, so the company doesn’t need many people in this area, mainly in the sales department. Their employees go to work like normal employees. You can’t tell from the appearance that this is a fraud company.

After grasping the conclusive evidence, the police handling the case decided to arrest the criminal gang.

Xu Maofu, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of Longhua Branch of shenzhen public: On July 20th, a net-closing operation was launched, and 45 people were arrested in total. At present, the funds involved in the case have been frozen to more than 3 million yuan.

After the suspect arrived, the police decided that this was a new type of fraud case. However, the criminal suspect’s fraud method is very similar to the online shop fraud that occurred frequently many years ago, and it is a brand-new deformation of online shop fraud.

Chen Zhuowei, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of shenzhen public Longhua Branch: In the drainage stage, they will promote their company on some short video platforms, so that some people can watch these short videos and think that this company is very powerful.

After the victims pay the first sum of money, the suspects will induce these victims to continue to invest.

Xu Maofu, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of Longhua Branch of shenzhen public: The initial amount is more than 2,000, and it can be upgraded to 9,800 later, and the highest one can be upgraded to the flagship version of 26,800 yuan. They will say that you have invested more than 2,000 yuan at present, and how many fans you have, and then a video broadcast may also exceed 10,000. He said that only when you invest more money can you achieve better operational results. Some victims often hold on to it. Since they have invested some money and hope to make greater profits, they think it is better to gamble again.

However, no matter how invested, the goods in the victim’s short video window can never reach the sales volume advocated by the criminal suspect.

Xu Maofu, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of Longhua Branch of shenzhen public: When the victim felt cheated, he expressed strong dissatisfaction, and even when he wanted to call the police to defend his rights, they were forced to find their own employees to buy his products for the corresponding victims and make some sales, and then asked the company to make some fake fans and make some broadcasts to stabilize the victim.

At present, the suspect involved in the case has been criminally detained by the public security organs according to law, and the case is under further investigation. The police reminded that we must be vigilant about online projects that promise high returns and get rich quickly.

Autumn is a season of moderate temperature and abundant food in a year.

There is a folk saying that snake meat in autumn is more tender and helps to enhance physical strength and immunity. howeverGuangzhou Forestry and Landscape Bureau recently published "It is a rumor that snakes can be eaten! ",responded that:

Recently,There is a rumor from the media that "you can eat snakes from March 1 ST" There are also a number of self-media promotion, processing and sales of dishes with snakes as ingredients, which have attracted the attention of some catering enterprises and citizens, and they have called the wildlife protection department to ask: Can snakes be eaten?

Guangzhou Forestry and Landscape Bureau reminded that,Snakes are not edible!

Whether it’s wild snakes or farmed snakes, They have not been listed in the National Catalogue of Genetic Resources of Livestock and Poultry (2021 Edition) (referred to as the Catalogue), so all business units are not allowed to use snakes as ingredients to process meals.

However, the reporter found that,

People still spread on social platforms.

The message "You can eat snakes this autumn".

So what is the situation in Guangzhou?

Are there any restaurants that still serve snake meat and game?

When the reporter made an unannounced visit ↓

The network still spreads snake-eating information

Some well-known restaurants have recently heard of "closing their hands"

The reporter noticed that since the beginning of this year, some self-media bloggers have recommended restaurants in Guangzhou and surrounding Shunde from time to time on the short video platform to attract diners to taste snake dishes. When autumn comes, some videos are accompanied by slogans such as "autumn wind is the best time to eat game" and "cooking snake family".

Recommend the copywriting of snake meat restaurant on the Internet.

At the same time, the reporter found that there are many restaurants serving snake products in Guangzhou, and these restaurants have a certain popularity among local diners. Among them, there are many recommended copybooks related to a restaurant located in Machang Road, Tianhe. The reporter found that,Although some of the manuscripts were referred to by names such as "big eel", "rongeel" and "water eel", on October 16th, some people still shared their experience in eating snake food.

In addition, the store also launched the package group purchase links of "Classic Dragon and Phoenix Turtle Pot" and "Big Monopterus albus Sanpinhuang". As of October 20th, the above two packages can still be purchased. However, when the reporter called the restaurant to ask if the set meal was sold normally,The staff of the restaurant said that there were no snakes to make in recent days, and they could directly apply for a refund if they bought a set meal.

The reporter’s investigation found that some restaurants have sold snake meat in the past, and there are still relevant dishes and comments in the menu column on the platform. However, when the reporter called for consultation, the other party said: "It is not clear whether the policy allows eating snake meat, so we will not provide it first."

Behind refusing game

Snakes can still be eaten in restaurants.

Then, in the case that many restaurants selling snake meat have "closed their hands", are there any restaurants still selling snake food?

The reporter contacted a restaurant named "Eternal Jibei Water Snake Porridge" near Longmei Paifang in Panyu District through the ordering platform. The waiter of the restaurant said on the phone that he could serve all kinds of snake food, including all kinds of "game". In the restaurant’s recommendation menu,There are many ways to choose from just "snake food", such as ginger oil, salt and pepper, delicious food and spicy food.

In order to understand the situation in depth, the reporter came to the store for an unannounced visit on October 19. When approaching the store, the reporter found that the signboard at the door of the store was suspected of removing sensitive words such as "snake". Not only that, there is a poster on the glass on the left side of the store.It reads the slogan "Protect wild animals and refuse game", and the menu is clearly marked "No taking pictures".

It is suspected that some words have been removed from the signboard of the restaurant.

When further questioning the clerk, the reporter got a clear answer.Snakes can still be eaten in the store. "Yes, for example, in the case of’ Water Law’, if you don’t invoice 190 yuan per catty, it will cost you 10 yuan per catty." The reporter learned that,"Water law" usually refers to the squirrel snake, which is one of the "three protected animals" in China. In addition, the waiter also said that there are many other snakes in the store.Including "poisonous snakes", but did not disclose the specific source channels of snakes.

Expert: Snakes of unknown origin are at risk of spreading diseases.

There are food safety hazards.

Why are there still restaurants that can get ingredients and sell them when snakes are banned? In this regard, Hu Huijian, a researcher and doctoral supervisor at the Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, gave an answer in an interview.

According to Hu Huijian, as early as 2020, some southern provinces, including Guangdong, had successfully cultivated a variety of snakes, such as the squirrel snake, the Zhoushan cobra, and the silver ring snake, with relatively high output. At that time, most of the snakes sold in the market were artificially cultivated individuals. "Everyone is eating snakes, and the capture of individuals in the wild is relatively less, which is also a protection for wild snake resources." Hu Huijian said.

"From a legal point of view,It is illegal to process and sell snakes as food. However, snake farming for medicinal and leather materials has not been banned. Hu Huijian said,At present, the source of snake ingredients in some restaurants may come from snake farms used for medicine and leather goods. At the same time, due to the maturity of breeding technology, some farmers may raise snakes privately without filing and registration. He also pointed out that due to the reduction of breeding scale, snakes circulating in the market may also be wild individuals who are illegally hunted.

Hu Huijian told reporters that the source of snakes sold in restaurants is unknown at present, and from the perspective of food safety, it is also highly recommended for the public to eat. "Because of the lack of official supervision, inspection and quarantine,After eating, there is a high risk of infection with diseases and parasites. At this stage, not eating snakes of unknown origin is also responsible for your health. "

"Never Imagine" failed to achieve a box office counterattack.

　 　 Special feature of 1905 film network Xiaoxing Yi, a master of popular jokes, was called the beast. In an exclusive interview with the 1905 movie network, he mentioned a word in a pretentious way: "Time is also destiny". Of course, the topic he talked about at that time was how he changed from an engineer to a "spoof video master", and later became a director of online drama and even had his own big screen debut. On the weekend of the twelfth lunar month, "Never Imagine" hit a record at the box office, and the word-of-mouth was then polarized. As of the evening of December 21st, the film had a box office of 276 million in four days. This is a mediocre achievement, and calling the beast has not achieved the year-end counterattack as predicted by many people in the industry.

　 　 With the expansion of the number of screens and the large-scale rise of cinemas in small towns, China has entered a period of rising enthusiasm for watching movies. When people buy necessities, they have to wait until half price of Double Eleven, but they are more and more generous in the face of movie tickets with tens of dollars. Nowadays, the film market is like a huge whirlpool, and the powerful gravity launched by interests calls for all kinds of new gadgets to come in and rotate together. For example, the disruption of the Internet, such as the serious proliferation of the word IP, and another wonderful vocabulary that was frequently mentioned in 2015: counterattack. Before "Pancake Man" was released, no one could have imagined that Dapeng, who came from the north to sing but became an editor of Sohu, could enter the billion directors’ club, which was called a counterattack. Before the release of "goodbye mr. loser", Shen Teng and Mary would say very earnestly everywhere: What we are most afraid of is that because we are not wrists in the film circle, this film will be neglected.

　 　 What happened afterwards?

The humor in Pancake Man is still network humor.

Peripheral wisdom: Who’s in charge of whether it’s a movie or not?

　 　 The counterattack of Pancake Man may be related to the marketing idea of Dapeng Ghost Horse, the crazy roadshow, the young and dangerous, Jean-Claude Van Damme, and the crazy whale swallowing market in summer. The objective analysis of Monday morning quarterback is not worth mentioning. Subjectively speaking, Pancake Man highly transformed the number of comedies born out of the online drama diors man: in the movie, Deng Chao was kidnapped and thought it was his wife who wanted to "play some excitement", just like in the online drama, Tang Wei asked the waiter for a coffee refill with an oversized vessel with bottled water, which was a simple and rude flip, a network humor and fresh blood in the Chinese film market.

The highlight of goodbye mr. loser comes from the accumulation of the drama team for many years.

　 　 The highlight of "goodbye mr. loser" lies in the theatrical foundation accumulated by Mahua FunAge’s team over the years: Uncle Vest deliberately couldn’t hear Ma Dongmei’s name but was splashed with water by Ma Dongmei, which is the rhythmic feature of the stage and also comes from the comic wisdom on the periphery of the film. Anyway, it provokes your taste buds like a chemical spicy element, and you laugh, so it wins. A reasonable situation is that when a new gadget from the peripheral culture stirs up a pool of spring water in traditional movies, someone will definitely stand up and say: you are just "something else in the movie version", in short, it is not a movie.

　 　 With awe of the film, Xiaoxing Yi, the beast, attracted much attention, but also appeared trembling. Just like Pancake Man, Never Imagine is also a spoiler for the film carrier by the secondary subculture in online drama. However, after Pancake Man, the stem of online drama is not so fresh. When writing the screenplay of "Never Imagine", the point that the beast has been fighting between man and nature is: between the two different carriers of online drama and film, how much he is good at can be kept and how much he is not good at will be added. Calling the beast thinks that it is not ergonomic to watch the online drama for 120 minutes on the big screen, so he tried his best to plan a story about the Monkey King, in which a little guy became a hero. This should be the safety card for commercial films, but some film critics still say that "Never Imagine" is just a movie version of the online drama.

　 　 The word-of-mouth of "Unexpectedly" is polarized. During the roadshow, fans gave him confidence with great enthusiasm. In the online community where keyboard man such as Douban haunts, a large number of bad reviews still make him exhausted. He also took out the joke that Kurosawa wanted to commit suicide that year, and the result was even more unpleasant. But what does it matter? Let’s look at the story inside the movie.

Grassroots resonance: The poorer and frustrated you are, the closer you are to king of comedy.

　 　 As early as the online drama period, Never Imagine set Wang Dachui, the protagonist, as a diaosi image that "has been unlucky and has never been knocked down". In the movie, Wang Dachui is an ordinary little demon. Facing his beloved girl and a strong competitor (that is, Ray Ma, who is said to let teenage fans compete for licking the screen), he tries to make some changes. Of course, there were setbacks in the process, and they were regarded as spies by the villagers, and then they mercilessly reviled and attacked them. During the performance of this play, the actor Ke Bai wept bitterly. Ke Bai was originally a small planner and amateur voice actor in Call Beast Company. In Call Beast’s eyes, he is just like Stephen Chow in the movie: he has to study the script when he plays a dead body, and his action expressions are richer than those in the picture.

　 　 The diaosi culture of Pancake Man is even more ambitious. Imagine this scene: in the early morning, Xiao Wang got up in a hurry, bought a set of pancake fruit (or egg-filled cakes) downstairs and ate it quickly. After squeezing into the subway, he watched a hilarious online drama that could relieve the pressure of morning rush hour with his mobile phone. It can be "Never Imagine" or "diors man". In "Pancake Man", Dapeng is desperately filming the so-called movie, and Mabel Yuan is dreaming of a star with incomparably bad acting skills — — The loveliest thing about diaosi culture is that there is no restriction, and it is all poor and poor.

　 　 Mary said that when she first met Shen Teng many years ago, Shen Teng was the director of the drama Crazy Stone. Shen Dao fights the landlord with a poker in his hand in the background, while playing a killing game with another wave of people. In the early years, Mahua FunAge Opera Troupe also experienced extraordinary poverty. Only four tickets were sold for a performance, so it was impossible to pay the performance cost and had to be cancelled. In the heavy snow, the whole crew stood at the entrance of the theater waiting for the arrival of these four audiences, and bowed deeply one by one. What is Charlotte’s trouble in goodbye mr. loser? It is nothing more than a grassroots singer’s dissatisfaction with mediocre life and indifferent marriage. After a daydream, people’s fear of middle-aged crisis was paralyzed, and they returned to Ah Q-style daily necessities with the method of spiritual victory.

　 　 If we have to discuss what is advanced, China and Wan Guopeng will eventually fail to become Wang Baoqiang, which is quite advanced; In "king of comedy", Yin Tianchou put all his possessions on the willow fluttering coat, and chased out "I support you", which is very advanced. People’s disappointment is largely due to the fact that Xú Zhēng expressed too much anger in an elite manner this time; When we evaluate a comedy, it is not necessary to just pay attention to whether the box office is counter-attacking, or to entangle the chemical changes of drama and online drama on the big screen. No matter "Never Imagine", which has not achieved a box office counterattack, or "Pancake Man" and "goodbye mr. loser", which have become a counterattack phenomenon, the emotional resonance of the bottom losers they have completed in the text is valuable.

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　 　 Very simple, it is best not to look at the power of grassroots with colored glasses. Geniuses are rare, and usually neither you nor I are.

Our province actively promotes the expansion of the tariff-free policy of processing value-added exceeding 30% from Yangpu Bonded Port Area to Yangpu Area in Danzhou.
Policy expansion pilot enterprises enjoy dividends.

We will promote the development of strategic emerging industries and build a number of new growth engines such as information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment and environmental protection. -Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party

Hainan Daily reporter Lin Shuxi

It is about 5.6 kilometers from Yangpu Xindu Industrial Park, where Tianjilong Intelligent Control (Hainan) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Tianjilong Intelligent Control) is located, to the bonded port area of Yangpu Economic Development Zone, and it takes 10 minutes by car. Last year, Tianjilong Zhikong wanted to settle in Yangpu Bonded Port Area, but lost the opportunity because it did not conform to the industrial planning of Yangpu Bonded Port Area.

The tariff-free policy of processing value-added exceeding 30% is the core policy of the import and export policy system of Hainan Free Trade Port, which was once one of the unique policies of Hainan Free Trade Port in Yangpu Bonded Port Area. Originally, Tianjilong Zhikong could not enjoy this free trade port policy with high "gold content".

Not long ago, a policy linked the two missed parties. Since this year, our province has actively promoted the tariff-free policy of processing value-added exceeding 30% as a pilot, expanding from Yangpu Bonded Port Area to Danzhou Yangpu Area, as a high-level open pressure test, and accumulating experience for the whole island’s customs clearance operation.

On December 2, Tianjilong Zhikong stood out from many production and processing enterprises in Danzhou Yangpu, and caught the "hydrangea" thrown from the wall of Yangpu Bonded Port Area, becoming the first enterprise in Yangpu to enjoy the pilot expansion of Hainan Free Trade Port’s import and export policy system of "opening the first line and managing the second line".

On the morning of December 8, Hainan Daily reporter walked into Tianjilong intelligent control production workshop, only to see all kinds of processed valves placed on the ground, especially the pneumatic regulating valve with red appearance was the most conspicuous. Just a few days ago, this product just enjoyed the duty-free policy of processing value-added exceeding 30% for domestic sales, and its core parts locator was imported from Germany.

"The valve has a key technical index, that is, the leakage of the sealing surface. In addition to zero leakage, it is also necessary to accurately control the flow." Shi Haifeng, deputy general manager of Tianjilong Intelligent Control (Hainan) Co., Ltd. said that Tianjilong Intelligent Control’s main business is in the list of encouraged industries in Hainan Free Trade Port, and its intelligent control valve products are technologically advanced. "The sensitivity of the valve control switch we produce is very high. As long as there is 0.5% flow, the valve can be started normally, reaching the international advanced level and meeting the production requirements of various enterprises."

Shi Haifeng said that in addition to producing and processing all kinds of valves and fluid control equipment, the company also provides maintenance services to Hainan Refining and Chemical, Yisheng Petrochemical, Jinhai Pulp and Paper and other enterprises. Not only that, the reporter found through the publicity column of the factory that the company’s "friend circle" involves enterprises in the fields of petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power and environmental protection.

"The advantage of Tianjilong Zhikong is that it can improve the supporting maintenance of Yangpu petrochemical industry chain, and the products are in line with the direction of the pilot expansion of the import and export policy system of’ first-line liberalization and second-line management’." Xu Lu, deputy director of Yangpu Port Office and deputy secretary general of Danzhou Municipal Government, said.

"Only by’ managing it’ can we’ let it go’." Ai Tao, head of the Second Division of Customs Comprehensive Business in Yangpu Economic Development Zone, told the reporter that according to the requirements of the General Administration of Customs, enterprises that meet the pilot must meet three conditions. First, it is necessary to obtain the enterprise qualification of advanced customs certification; second, it is necessary to build a video system that meets the requirements of customs supervision; third, the enterprise ERP management system should be connected with the customs supervision system and accept real-time customs supervision.

At the beginning of this year, after the pilot work of expanding the processing value-added tariff-free policy, the relevant departments of Danzhou Yangpu chose Tianjilong Zhikong as the pilot object after visiting enterprises on the spot. "We have set up two working classes to provide comprehensive guidance to Tianjilong Intelligent Control from the aspects of supporting system formulation, advanced customs certification, ERP system function development and joint debugging, and video monitoring system establishment." Ai Tao said that after nearly three months of hard work, on June 27th this year, Tianjilong Zhikong successfully obtained the qualification of advanced customs certification enterprise, and then carried out work tests such as business process, processing value-added goods for domestic sales clearance, which laid a solid foundation for the implementation of the first single business of policy expansion pilot in early December.

"I am very happy to enjoy the tariff-free policy of processing value-added. The policy dividend of Hainan Free Trade Port has helped enterprises reduce costs and improve product competitiveness." Shi Haifeng said that based on the company’s annual output of 3,000 sets of intelligent control valves, the tariff-free policy of processing value-added can exempt the company from taxes of nearly 3 million yuan.

According to the data provided by the customs department, as of November 30 this year, Yangpu Bonded Port Area has processed 285 value-added goods, with a value of 2.68 billion yuan and a tax reduction of 220 million yuan.

"Yangpu Customs will continue to thoroughly study, publicize and implement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, focus on the requirements of the General Administration of Customs’ release, management, construction, establishment and trial’, continue to actively promote the pilot project of policy expansion with relevant departments, actively do a good job in the operation of Hainan Free Trade Port, and help the integrated development of Danzhou Yangpu." Ai Tao said.

(This newspaper Yangpu, December 8 th)

Guangdong Finance Procurement [2020] No.13

Provincial units:

　　In order to implement the spirit of deepening the reform plan of government procurement system and strictly meet the requirements of "tight days", according to the relevant laws and regulations such as the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law" and its implementation regulations, the relevant matters concerning the standardization of the approval of provincial single-source procurement methods and the approval and management of imported products are hereby notified as follows:

　　I. Strictly examine and approve single-source procurement methods.

　　(1) For goods or services that meet any of the following circumstances, the purchaser may purchase them by single source according to law:

　　1. Goods or services can only be purchased from a specific supplier due to the use of irreplaceable patents and know-how;

　　2. Public service projects have special requirements and can only be purchased from a specific supplier;

　　3. Unable to purchase from other suppliers due to unforeseen emergency;

　　4. It is necessary to ensure the consistency of the original procurement projects or the requirements of supporting services, and it is necessary to continue to purchase from the original suppliers, and the total amount of additional funds does not exceed 10% of the original contract purchase amount;

　　5. If there is only one bidder (quotation) or only one bidder (quotation) who has passed the qualification examination or compliance examination after the bidding (quotation) deadline for a procurement project with an open tender amount above the standard, it is proved by experts that there are no unreasonable clauses in the procurement documents and the procurement procedures are in compliance with the regulations.

　　(2) The purchaser shall, in accordance with the decision-making system of "three majors and one big" matters, include the goods or services that meet the standard of open tender and intend to adopt the single-source procurement method in the discussion and decision-making scope of the "three majors and one big" matters of the unit.

　　(three) the purchaser intends to use a single source procurement, should be in the procurement activities before the start, invite professionals to demonstrate. Professionals can be selected by the purchaser or randomly selected from the expert database of government procurement evaluation. Demonstration professionals should have no economic and administrative affiliation with the purchaser. Professionals should objectively and independently issue complete, clear and definite argumentation opinions:One isWhether the budget arrangement of procurement projects is scientific and reasonable (Annex 1);The second isWhether the purchased items must be purchased from a sole supplier (Annex 2). Arguments should be filled in manually by professionals in accordance with the prescribed format.

　　(four) the competent budget unit shall strengthen the management of single source procurement in this department. For goods or services that meet the standard of public bidding amount, if it is planned to adopt the single-source procurement method, it should focus on examining whether the budget arrangement of the project is reasonable, whether it belongs to the circumstances stipulated in Article 31 of the Government Procurement Law and Article 27 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Government Procurement Law, and the necessity of adopting single-source procurement, and issue written examination opinions.

　　(5) Where the goods or services that meet the standard of open tender amount are intended to adopt a single-source method, the purchaser shall apply to the Provincial Department of Finance for approval and submit the following materials before the start of procurement activities and after reporting to the competent budget unit for approval:

　　1. Basic information such as the name of the purchaser, the name of the procurement project and the general situation of the project;

　　2 reasons for applying for single-source procurement;

　　3. For goods or services that meet the standard of open tender amount and intend to adopt the single-source procurement method, it is necessary to provide the minutes and records of the meeting of the unit’s "three majors and one big" matters;

　　4 written examination opinions of the competent budget unit;

　　5. Written opinions of the professionals involved in the demonstration, as well as the names, work units and titles of the professionals;

　　6 "Guangdong provincial government procurement network" single source procurement publicity;

　　7. The budget amount of the procurement project, the main basis and reasons for the budget amount of the project, the budget approval document or the proof of the source of funds.

　　Two, strictly approve the government procurement of imported products.

　　(1) A purchaser may purchase imported products under any of the following circumstances:

　　1. Not available in China or not available on reasonable commercial terms;

　　2. Purchasing for use outside China;

　　3. There are similar products in China, but they cannot meet the real demand, and it is really necessary to purchase imported products;

　　4. Provincial universities, scientific research institutes and the undertaking units that use provincial social science project funds to purchase scientific research instruments and equipment purchase scientific research instruments and equipment.

　　(II) According to the Notice on Improving the Procurement Management of Scientific Research Instruments and Equipment in Provincial Universities and Research Institutes (Yuecai Procurement [2017] No.3) and the Notice on the Procurement Management of Scientific Research Instruments and Equipment in Provincial Financial and Social Science Research Projects (Yuecai Procurement [2018] No.2), provincial universities, research institutes and undertaking units that use provincial social science project funds to purchase scientific research instruments and equipment shall implement the filing system.

　　(3) The purchaser shall, in accordance with the decision-making system of "three majors and one big thing", include the imported product items that the domestic similar products to be purchased really cannot meet the demand in the discussion and decision-making scope of the "three majors and one big thing" of the unit.

　　(4) Where the purchaser intends to purchase imported products, he shall invite experts to conduct professional argumentation before the procurement activities begin, and the experts shall objectively and independently put forward specific argumentation opinions. The expert group shall be composed of more than 5 people, including 1 legal expert, and the product technical expert shall be an expert familiar with the product. Demonstration experts can be selected by the purchaser himself, or randomly selected from the expert database of government procurement evaluation, and the demonstration experts should have no economic and administrative affiliation with the purchaser. The purchaser shall not participate in the demonstration as a member of the expert group.

　　(five) if the products to be purchased have domestic similar products, in principle, it is not allowed to purchase imported products. If it is really necessary to purchase imported products, the purchaser shall apply from the aspects of the necessity and irreplaceability of imported products, the substantial impact of purchasing domestic similar products on the work, etc. The argumentation experts shall objectively and independently demonstrate the reasons for the purchaser’s application, and the argumentation opinions shall be complete, clear and definite, and shall be filled in manually by the argumentation experts according to the prescribed format (see Annex 4 for details).

　　(six) the competent budget unit shall strengthen the management of imported products purchased by the government of this department. For the procurement items that the subordinate units intend to apply for purchasing imported products, they should focus on examining whether the imported products to be purchased exceed the standard, whether the procurement demand is reasonable, whether the domestic similar products meet the demand, the necessity of purchasing imported products, etc., and issue written examination opinions.

　　(VII) In addition to provincial universities, scientific research institutes and undertaking units that use provincial social science project funds to purchase scientific research instruments and equipment, the procurement unit shall submit a written application to the department in charge of approving imported products before the procurement activities, and submit the following materials:

　　1. Overview of procurement projects and list of imported products purchased by the government (Annex 3);

　　2. If it is planned to purchase imported products with domestic similar products that really cannot meet the demand, it is necessary to provide the minutes and records of the meeting of the unit’s "three majors and one big" matters;

　　3. Review opinions of the competent budget unit;

　　4. The main purpose, necessity and irreplaceability of applying for purchasing imported products, and the substantial impact of purchasing domestic similar products on work;

　　5. Comparison of domestic similar products and imported products;

　　6. Written opinions of experts participating in the demonstration, as well as the names, work units and titles of professionals;

　　7. Project budget amount, budget approval document or proof of fund source.

　　III. Standardize the management of the list of imported products of the department.

　　In order to deepen the decentralization of government procurement, we will continue to implement departmental import product list management at the provincial level.

　　(A) to develop the main body

　　The provincial competent budget unit shall formulate the list of imported products of the department in combination with the characteristics of the department’s procurement needs. The list is managed dynamically and is valid for one year. Within the validity period of the list, if the supplier raises any objection, the competent budget unit shall make dynamic adjustment in time.

　　(II) Mode of application

　　1. There are no imported products of the same kind in China.During the validity period of the list, the purchaser purchases the products in the list without repeating the organization of expert argumentation, and directly carries out procurement activities after filing with the Provincial Department of Finance.

　　2. There are imported products of similar products in China.Within the validity period of the list, the purchaser shall submit to the competent budget unit a description of the main purpose, necessity, irreplaceability, and the substantial impact of purchasing domestic similar products on the work, and carry out procurement activities after the approval of the competent budget unit and filing with the Provincial Department of Finance.

　　(3)Develop a program

　　1. collect products.The competent budget unit is responsible for collecting and summarizing the annual imported products of this department. Specifically, it includes the name and model of imported products, the policy basis for purchasing imported products and the necessity of purchasing imported products.

　　2. Expert argumentation.The expert group shall consist of an odd number of more than 5 people, including 1 legal expert, and the product technical expert shall be an expert familiar with the products in the list. The expert group shall focus on the necessity and irreplaceability of imported products, and the substantial impact of purchasing domestic similar products on the work, and make an objective and independent demonstration. The demonstration opinions shall be complete, clear and definite, and shall be filled in manually by the demonstration experts in accordance with the prescribed format (see Annex 4 for details).

　　3. publicity.The competent budget unit will publicize the demonstrated list on the "Guangdong Provincial Government Procurement Network", and the publicity period shall not be less than 10 working days. The publicity contents shall include but not limited to: the name and model of the imported products, the necessity and relevant explanations of the imported products, the specific argumentation opinions of the expert group on the imported products to be purchased, and the names, work units and titles of the expert group members, and the publicity period.

　　4. Objection handling.Any supplier, unit or individual who has any objection to the list may report it to the competent budget unit within the publicity period or the validity period. The competent budget unit shall organize experts to re-demonstrate, and if the objection is established, the product shall be deleted from the list.

　　5. filing.After the expiration of the publicity period, the competent budget unit shall report to the Provincial Department of Finance for the record and attach the following materials:

　　(1) the necessity of imported products and related explanations;

　　(2) the specific opinions of the experts involved in the demonstration, as well as the names, work units and professional titles of the experts;

　　(3) the publicity of the list of imported products and the handling of objections.

　　Fourth, strengthen the supervision and management of government procurement　

　　The purchaser shall, in accordance with the principle of "who purchases, who is responsible", seriously carry out market research and price calculation, implement relevant expenditure standards, and reasonably and scientifically determine the procurement demand. The competent budget department should strictly manage the change of single-source mode and the procurement of imported products, and establish and improve the internal management system of departmental government procurement. The Provincial Department of Finance will establish a smart cloud platform for government procurement integrating transaction and supervision, and comprehensively reflect the implementation of government procurement by all units by means of intelligent monitoring and big data early warning, and strengthen the supervision of government procurement by government procurement transparency evaluation, financial performance evaluation and government procurement agency evaluation.

　　Attachment:

Guangdong Provincial Finance Department　　

July 29, 2020

Mode (Mode) refers to the number of times or frequency of occurrence in a group of data, which is a position average and is not affected by extreme variable values. Mode is mainly used to measure the centralized trend of classified data, and it can also be used to measure the centralized trend of sequential data and numerical data. A set of data may have multiple modes, or it may not exist. For quantitative data that are not grouped, we seldom use modes.