Building an integrated national strategic system and capability

　　The audience visited the booth of China Ordnance Industry Corporation at the annual meeting of China Association for Science and Technology, integration of defense and civilian technologies Science and Technology Innovation Exhibition. Xinhua news agency

　　[Expert perspective]

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly incorporated integration of defense and civilian technologies into the scientific system of the supreme leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, especially the supreme leader’s thought of strengthening the army, and incorporated integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development strategy into the strategic system of strengthening the country in the new era, further demonstrating integration of defense and civilian technologies’s strategic position in strengthening the country and the army. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "the deep development pattern of integration of defense and civilian technologies should be formed, and an integrated national strategic system and capability should be built". This thesis profoundly expounds the general goal of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development in the new era, deepens the understanding of the laws of overall development and security, enriching the country and strengthening the army, and provides a fundamental basis for accelerating the in-depth development of integration of defense and civilian technologies.

　　Core essence

　　Nowadays, national competition is not only the competition of wealth scale and wealth creation ability, but also the comprehensive competition of national strategic ability. How to optimize the national strategic system, effectively enhance and use the national strategic capability, and thus achieve the national strategic objectives has become the top priority of the national strategic operation.

　　The national strategic system is an organic strategic system formed to realize national interests. The overall national strategy is at the top, followed by the national development strategy and national security strategy. The national development strategy is divided into political, economic, cultural, social, ecological and other fields, and the national security strategy is divided into various security fields and military strategies. National strategic ability is the ability to achieve national strategic goals by using national strategic resources, which is embodied in the country’s economic ability, military ability, scientific and technological ability, organization and mobilization ability, system reform ability, strategic planning ability and national cohesion. The national strategic system and capability is an organic whole, which is the unity of national strategic will and strategic capability. The purpose of constructing a complete and effective national strategic system is to form a strong national strategic capability and then realize the national strategic will.

　　Integration of defense and civilian technologies is a process of deepening step by step, and the integration tends to deepen, that is, military-civilian integration. Civil-military integration can not be simply understood as the complete integration of "military" and "people", but refers to the benign state of high synergy, compatibility and interaction when "military" and "people" achieve deep integration. In this state, the economic and national defense systems can fully realize the overall planning of construction, the synchronization of development process, the balanced allocation of resources, the effective interaction of factors, the compatibility of policies and systems, and the unity of organization and implementation.

　　Building an integrated national strategic system and capability is a process of reshaping the national security and development strategic system under the framework of the integrated development of economic construction and national defense construction. By reshaping the strategic system, we will greatly enhance the country’s strategic capabilities such as economic development, scientific and technological innovation, competition in emerging fields, military strategic deterrence, mobilization of emergency response, and dominance of international rules, so as to achieve overall planning of national development and security, overall promotion of economic construction and national defense construction, and integrated use of economic and national defense forces, so as to maximize the benefits of national large-scale system integration and national strategic benefits.

　　Strategic demand

　　In contemporary China, it is of great strategic demand to build an integrated national strategic system and capability.

　　First, the strategic support for the country’s prosperity. National security and development are twin brothers. In essence, national security means defending existing national interests from infringement, while national development means expanding new national interests. Today, with the informationization of war form, the generalization of technology form between military and civilian, and the highly market-oriented economic form, the activities of human beings to create wealth and defend their own security have been in perfect harmony, coexisting and dying together, and the interests of national security and development have been highly integrated. If a country wants to effectively safeguard and expand its national interests and enhance its international influence and discourse power, it can not be separated from the improvement and application of its national strategic capabilities for a moment.

　　A strong national strategic capability should have three indispensable elements, namely, strategic resources, transformation mechanism and strategic planning. Among them, the transformation mechanism is the "hub" for the formation of national strategic capabilities. Good transformation can realize the prosperity of the country and the prosperity of the country; Insufficient transformation will only stop and the national strength will decline; Excessive transformation will be overwhelmed and overdrawn. To realize the transformation effectively, we need a series of effective strategic layout, institutional arrangement and mechanism design, and building an integrated national strategic system is one of the important mechanisms.

　　At present, China is in a period of social transformation. In the process of turning from closed to open, from planned to market, from semi-industrialized society to industrialized and information-based society, there have been some problems such as unbalanced national capacity structure and lack of norms, and the contradictions such as "strong elements, weak systems", "hard fingers and soft fists" are more prominent. At the same time, under the dual separation system of military and civilian, the national security and development strategies are not coordinated enough, and the mutual transformation and application of military and civilian resources are blocked, and it is difficult to fully integrate and transform national strategic resources, which delays the formation of national strategic capabilities to some extent.

　　In order to effectively cope with the severe, complex and diverse challenges faced by China in the historical process of moving from a big country to a powerful country, and better safeguard and expand national interests, it is urgent to strengthen and improve the construction of national strategic capabilities. Promoting integration of defense and civilian technologies’s in-depth development and building an integrated national strategic system and capacity are the strategic levers to "incite" the rise of a powerful country. Through the system integration and military-civilian cooperation at the national strategic level, we can effectively improve the comprehensive application level of national political, economic, military, diplomatic, cultural and other strategic resources and strengths, accelerate the generation of integrated national strategic capabilities, and thus gain more strategic initiative and greater strategic interests in the international strategic game.

　　Second, it is an important support for strengthening the army. Strong military strength and strategic deterrence are important manifestations of national strategic capabilities. Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, the construction of modern military forces has become a complex giant system with high technology density, high resources density and high talent density, and it is increasingly dependent on the national economy, technology and talent base. System confrontation under the condition of information warfare is not only a direct confrontation and contest between military systems, but also a system confrontation based on the overall strength of the country. Whoever can maximize the systematic integration of the overall strength of the country will win the military competitive advantage. From military system confrontation to system confrontation based on the overall strength of the country, it profoundly reflects the change of confrontation form from mechanized war to information war, and also puts forward new requirements for the development mode of army construction.

　　Throughout the world, all military powers are not confined to their own "small circles" of the military, but aggregate the overall resources of the country to build a military power system, and even integrate global resources for their use. For example, relying on its highly mature market economy platform, the United States has realized the integrated utilization of national resources and even global resources by means of government assistance, military demand traction and market operation.

　　For a long time, our army is the army, the people are the people, and the military and the land have their own stalls, so we can’t fully exchange needed goods and promote each other. In today’s era, to achieve the goal of strengthening the army and building a world-class army, we must innovate the concept of army building and development, integrate national defense and army building into the national economic and social development system, and change from the traditional national defense and army building system to the military-civilian integrated national defense and army building system. Therefore, it is necessary to build a national strategic system and ability of military-civilian integration, break the dual system of military and civilian from the national level, open up a channel to support the construction of modern military power system with the overall national strength, and maximize the integration and utilization of national high-quality resources. Only in this way can we integrate the most advanced knowledge, cutting-edge technology and high-quality talent resources in economic and social development, absorb and apply them to the construction of modern national defense and a strong army, and make our army an advanced group with great competitive advantages, thus greatly improving the confrontation ability of the national system.

　　Third, the source of strength to win international scientific and technological and military competitive advantages. Strong innovation ability is the core support of national strategic ability. At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution, industrial transformation and military revolution in the world is accelerating, and major subversive technologies are constantly emerging, which is reshaping the world competition pattern and changing the balance of national power. Looking at the development of innovative countries in the world, most of them have established a national innovation system and capability of military and civilian integration from the national strategic level, and built a powerful innovation driving mechanism driven by military needs and civilian needs, and military innovation and civilian innovation are benign and mutually reinforcing.

　　At present, China’s scientific and technological innovation has entered the stage of "three runs coexist", which is in a critical stage from quantitative accumulation to qualitative leap, point breakthrough to system capacity improvement. To greatly enhance the national innovation ability, we must break the state of military-civilian separation and closed development of military economy from the national strategic level, coordinate integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development strategy and innovation-driven development strategy, fully tap the huge strategic potential of military-civilian collaborative innovation, and firmly base China’s construction of enriching the country and strengthening the army on the advanced technology of the world. In this sense, building an integrated national strategic system and capability is a profound revolution in the regeneration of national scientific and technological innovation capability. If we win this revolution, we will be able to gain a strong synergy of national scientific and technological innovation, and greatly accelerate the process of building an innovative country and building a world-class scientific and technological power.

　　Construction path

　　The first is to strengthen the top-level design. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that it is necessary to adhere to the unity of enriching the country and strengthening the military, strengthen unified leadership, top-level design, reform and innovation, and implement major projects, deepen the reform of national defense science, technology and industry, form a deep development pattern of integration of defense and civilian technologies, and build an integrated national strategic system and capability. This requires us to build an integrated national strategic system and capability, make overall plans in the overall process of strengthening the country and the army, seek potential layout in the big pattern of international strategic competition, scientifically formulate road maps and construction schedules, and constantly iteratively optimize with practice. In terms of strategic focus, we should closely follow "resources — Transformation — Ability ",a complete chain, focuses on the formation of national strategic capabilities to promote integration of defense and civilian technologies, and cannot vulgarize integration of defense and civilian technologies. In terms of strategic tasks, we should closely follow the "system, system and benefit" to optimize the development layout, take the establishment of military-civilian integration system and mechanism as the starting point, promote the optimization of integration of defense and civilian technologies system in various fields, fully release the development benefits of integration of defense and civilian technologies, and continuously improve integration of defense and civilian technologies’s contribution rate to national defense and army building and combat effectiveness development, innovation drive and productivity development. On the strategic path, in accordance with the steps of "adjustment, reform, and reshaping", we will advance in an orderly manner and gradually deepen, adhere to incremental integration to drive stock adjustment, and use the integration of emerging fields to force the transformation of traditional fields, and finally achieve "The overall effect of factor interaction, system remodeling, benefit improvement, stimulating innovation and promoting strategic capabilities.

　　The second is to innovate the governance model. Promoting the in-depth development of integration of defense and civilian technologies and building an integrated national strategic system and capability is essentially a process of promoting the transformation of economic construction and national defense construction from fragmented design to integrated military-civilian planning, from key integration areas to multi-field extension and expansion, from loose combination of elements to integration and integration of all elements, and then realizing structural optimization, resource conservation and technological innovation. Under the strong leadership of the Central integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Committee, we should establish and improve the system, mechanism and working mode of cross-military, cross-departmental, cross-field and cross-regional governance, strengthen unified leadership and decision-making, coordinate military and civilian needs, coordinate development planning, coordinate major reforms, coordinate policies and standards, and promote the modernization of national security and development governance.

　　The third is to strengthen national strategic coupling. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development strategy, the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, the strategy of innovation-driven development, the strategy of rural revitalization, the strategy of regional coordinated development and the strategy of sustainable development into the "seven strategies" for winning a well-off society in an all-round way and building a socialist modernized country in an all-round way, and made clear the leading, basic and overall position of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s development strategy in the national strategic system. To build an integrated national strategic system and capability, a very realistic path is to improve and perfect the coupling mechanism between the national development strategic system and the national security strategic system, and promote the close integration of integration of defense and civilian technologies’s strategy with other national strategies. Only by making full use of the integrated forces of integrated military and civilian planning, integrated construction, integrated use, integrated management and integrated evaluation, and promoting the overall coordination and organic connection of national security strategy and national development strategy at all levels and in all fields, can we achieve the integrated benefits of national large-scale system and maximize the strategic benefits of the country.

　　(Author: Jiang Luming, Wang Weihai, author: integration of defense and civilian technologies Development Research Center, School of Military Management, National Defense University)